使用C#控制远程计算机的服务

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使用C#控制远程计算机服务         在.net中提供了一些类来显示和控制Windows系统上的服务,并可以实现对远程计算机服务服务的访问,如System.ServiceProcess命名空间下面的ServiceController 类,System.Management下面的一些WMI操作的类。虽然用ServiceController可以很方便的实现对服务的控制,而且很直观、简洁和容易理解。但是我认为他的功能同通过WMI来操作服务相比,那可能就有些单一了,并且对多个服务的操作可能就比较麻烦,也无法列出系统中的所有服务的具体数据。这里要讲的就是如何使用System.Management组件来操作远程和本地计算机上的服务。        WMI作为Windows 2000操作系统的一部分提供了可伸缩的,可扩展的管理架构.公共信息模型(CIM)是由分布式管理任务标准协会(DMTF)设计的一种可扩展的、面向对象的架构,用于管理系统、网络、应用程序、数据库和设备。Windows管理规范也称作CIM for Windows,提供了统一的访问管理信息的方式。如果需要获取详细的WMI信息请读者查阅MSDN。System.Management组件提供对大量管理信息和管理事件集合的访问,这些信息和事件是与根据 Windows 管理规范 (WMI) 结构对系统、设备和应用程序设置检测点有关的。        但是上面并不是我们最关心的,下面才是我们需要谈的话题。毫无疑问,我们要引用System.Management.Dll程序集,并要使用System.Management命名空间下的类,如ManagementClass,ManagementObject等。下面用一个名为Win32ServiceManager的类把服务的一些相关操作包装了一下,代码如下:using System;using System.Management;namespace ZZ.Wmi{     public class Win32ServiceManager     {         private string strPath;         private ManagementClass managementClass;         public Win32ServiceManager():this(".",null,null)         {         }         public Win32ServiceManager(string host,string userName,string password)         {              this.strPath = "//"+host+"/root/cimv2:Win32_Service";              this.managementClass = new ManagementClass(strPath);               if(userName!=null&&userName.Length>0)              {                   ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();                   connectionOptions.Username = userName;                   connectionOptions.Password = password;                   ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "//" +host+ "/root/cimv2",connectionOptions) ;                   this.managementClass.Scope = managementScope;              }         }          // 验证是否能连接到远程计算机         public static bool RemoteConnectValidate(string host,string userName,string password)         {              ConnectionOptions connectionOptions = new ConnectionOptions();              connectionOptions.Username = userName;              connectionOptions.Password = password;              ManagementScope managementScope = new ManagementScope( "//" +host+ "/root/cimv2",connectionOptions) ;              try              {                   managementScope.Connect();              }              catch              {              }              return managementScope.IsConnected;         }         // 获取指定服务属性的值         public object GetServiceValue(string serviceName,string propertyName)         {              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=""+serviceName+""");              return mo[propertyName];         }         // 获取所连接的计算机的所有服务数据         public string [,] GetServiceList()         {              string [,] services = new string [this.managementClass.GetInstances().Count,4];              int i = 0;              foreach(ManagementObject mo in this.managementClass.GetInstances())              {                   services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];                   services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];                   services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];                   services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];                   i++;              }              return services;         }         // 获取所连接的计算机的指定服务数据         public string [,] GetServiceList(string serverName)         {              return GetServiceList(new string []{serverName});         }         // 获取所连接的计算机的的指定服务数据         public string [,] GetServiceList(string [] serverNames)         {              string [,] services = new string [serverNames.Length,4];              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              for(int i = 0;i<serverNames.Length;i++)              {                   mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=""+serverNames[i]+""");                   services[i,0] = (string)mo["Name"];                   services[i,1] = (string)mo["DisplayName"];                   services[i,2] = (string)mo["State"];                   services[i,3] = (string)mo["StartMode"];              }              return services;         }         // 停止指定的服务         public string StartService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=""+serviceName+""");              try              {                   if((string)mo["State"]=="Stopped")//!(bool)mo["AcceptStop"]                       mo.InvokeMethod("StartService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }         // 暂停指定的服务         public string PauseService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=""+serviceName+""");              try              {                   //判断是否可以暂停                   if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Running")                       mo.InvokeMethod("PauseService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }         // 恢复指定的服务         public string ResumeService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=""+serviceName+""");              try              {                   //判断是否可以恢复                   if((bool)mo["acceptPause"]&&(string)mo["State"]=="Paused")                       mo.InvokeMethod("ResumeService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }         // 停止指定的服务         public string StopService(string serviceName)         {              string strRst = null;              ManagementObject mo = this.managementClass.CreateInstance();              mo.Path = new ManagementPath(this.strPath+".Name=""+serviceName+""");              try              {                   //判断是否可以停止                   if((bool)mo["AcceptStop"])//(string)mo["State"]=="Running"                       mo.InvokeMethod("StopService",null);              }              catch(ManagementException e)              {                   strRst =e.Message;               }              return strRst;         }    }}在Win32ServiceManager中通过RemoteConnectValidate静态方法来测试连接成功与否;另外提供了GetServiceValue方法和GetServiceList方法以及它的重载来获取服务信息;后面的四个方法就是对服务的状态控制了。     下面建立一个简单的窗口来使用它。大致的界面如下:通过vs.net 2003可以很快做出上面的窗体,下面列出了一些增加的代码:

using ZZ.Wmi;namespace ZZForm{     public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form     {         //……         private Win32ServiceManager serviceManager;         public Form1()         {              InitializeComponent();              this.serviceManager = null;         }         //……         [STAThread]         static void Main()          {              Application.Run(new Form1());         }         //修改服务状态         private void buttonChangeState_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {              switch(((Button)sender).Text)              {                   case "启动":                       string startRst = this.serviceManager.StartService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startRst==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startRst);                       break;                   case "暂停":                       string startPause = this.serviceManager.PauseService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startPause==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startPause);                       break;                   case "继续":                       string startResume = this.serviceManager.ResumeService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startResume==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startResume);                       break;                   case "停止":                       string startStop = this.serviceManager.StopService(this.listViewService.SelectedItems[0].SubItems[0].Text);                       if(startStop==null)                            MessageBox.Show("操作成功,请点击获取刷新按钮刷新结果!");                       else                            MessageBox.Show(startStop);                       break;              }         }         //获取和刷新数据         private void buttonLoadRefresh_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)         {              if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim().Length>0)              {                   if(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim()==".")                   {                       this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager();                   }                   else                   {                        if(Win32ServiceManager.RemoteConnectValidate(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim()))                       {                            this.serviceManager = new Win32ServiceManager(this.textBoxHost.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxName.Text.Trim(),this.textBoxPassword.Text.Trim());                       }                       else                       {                            MessageBox.Show("连接到远程计算机验证错误.");                            return;                       }                   }                   string [,] services = serviceManager.GetServiceList();                   this.listViewService.BeginUpdate();                   this.listViewService.Items.Clear();                   for(int i=0;i<services.GetLength(0);i++)                   {                       ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem(new string[]{services[i,0],services[i,1],services[i,2],services[i,3]});                       this.listViewService.Items.Add(item);                   }                   this.listViewService.EndUpdate();              }              else                   MessageBox.Show("请输入计算机名或IP地址");         }    }}     说明,其实一个服务的属性和方法除了上面这几个还有很多,我们可以通过实例化ManagementClass类,使用它的Properties属性和Methods属性列出所有的属性和方法。上面的Win32ServiceManager中生成的每个服务实例都是ManagementObejct类型的,其实还有一种强类型的类,可以通过编程和工具来生成。     总结,通过引用System.Management命名空间,上面简单的实现了通过访问ootcimv2:Win32_Service名称空间对服务进行显示和操作。此外,我们还可以通过访问其他名称空间来访问计算机的一些硬件信息,软件信息以及网络等,有兴趣的读者可以研究一下。<script type="text/javascript"><!--google_ad_client = "pub-2947489232296736";/* 728x15, 创建于 08-4-23MSDN */google_ad_slot = "3624277373";google_ad_width = 728;google_ad_height = 15;//--></script><script type="text/javascript"src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"></script>
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