Android手机上生成随机验证码(详细注释)

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AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    package="com.cctvjiatao.authcode"    android:versionCode="1"    android:versionName="1.0" >    <uses-sdk        android:minSdkVersion="14"        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />    <application        android:allowBackup="true"        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"        android:label="@string/app_name"        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >        <activity            android:name=".MainActivity"            android:label="@string/app_name" >            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>    </application></manifest>

MainActivity.java

package com.cctvjiatao.authcode;import android.app.Activity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.View.OnClickListener;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.EditText;import android.widget.ImageView;import android.widget.Toast;/** * @作者： jiatao * @修改时间：2016-4-13 上午7:17:40 * @包名：com.cctvjiatao.authcode * @文件名：MainActivity.java * @版权声明：www.cctvjiatao.com * @功能： 实现客户端生成随机验证码 */public class MainActivity extends Activity {private final String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();private ImageView iv_image; // 图标private Button btn_refresh, btn_ok; // 确定和刷新验证码private String codeStrGet = null; // 获取验证码的值private EditText edt_code; // 文本框的值@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);iv_image = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv_image);iv_image.setImageBitmap(Code.getInstance().getBitmap());edt_code = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.edt_code);codeStrGet = Code.getInstance().getCodeToLower(); // 获取显示的验证码（已转为小写）Log.e(TAG, "获取到已转换的验证码：" + codeStrGet);btn_refresh = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_refresh);btn_refresh.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {iv_image.setImageBitmap(Code.getInstance().getBitmap());codeStrGet = Code.getInstance().getCodeToLower();Log.e(TAG, "刷新后，获取到已转换的验证码：" + codeStrGet);}});btn_ok = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_ok);btn_ok.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {String codeStrInput = edt_code.getText().toString().trim();//获得输入框中的验证码Log.e(TAG, "输入的原生验证码：" + codeStrInput);if (codeStrInput == null || codeStrInput.equals("")) {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "没有填写验证码", 2).show();} else if (!codeStrInput.toLowerCase().equals(codeStrGet)) {//将输入框中的验证码转换为小写，再和生成的二维码对比Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "验证码填写不正确", 2).show();} else {Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "操作成功", 2).show();}}});}}

Code.java

package com.cctvjiatao.authcode;import java.util.Random;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.Bitmap.Config;import android.graphics.Canvas;import android.graphics.Color;import android.graphics.Paint;import android.util.Log;/** * @作者： jiatao * @修改时间：2016-4-13 上午7:17:40 * @包名：com.cctvjiatao.authcode * @文件名：Code.java * @版权声明：www.cctvjiatao.com * @功能： 验证码生成类 */public class Code {private final String TAG = getClass().getSimpleName();private static final char[] CHARS = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u',        'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' };private static Code bpUtil;private Code() {};public static Code getInstance() {if (bpUtil == null)bpUtil = new Code();return bpUtil;}// 验证码相关参数默认值private static final int DEFAULT_CODE_LENGTH = 4;// 验证码的长度 这里是4位private static final int DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE = 60;// 字体大小private static final int DEFAULT_LINE_NUMBER = 3;// 多少条干扰线private static final int BASE_PADDING_LEFT = 20; // 左边距private static final int RANGE_PADDING_LEFT = 35;// 左边距范围值private static final int BASE_PADDING_TOP = 42;// 上边距private static final int RANGE_PADDING_TOP = 15;// 上边距范围值private static final int DEFAULT_WIDTH = 200;// 默认宽度.图片的总宽private static final int DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 70;// 默认高度.图片的总高private final int DEFAULT_COLOR = 0xdf;// 默认背景颜色值//声明变量，并赋值private int width = DEFAULT_WIDTH;// 默认宽度.图片的总宽private int height = DEFAULT_HEIGHT;// 默认高度.图片的总高private int base_padding_left = BASE_PADDING_LEFT;// 左边距private int range_padding_left = RANGE_PADDING_LEFT;// 左边距范围值private int base_padding_top = BASE_PADDING_TOP;// 上边距private int range_padding_top = RANGE_PADDING_TOP;// 上边距范围值private int codeLength = DEFAULT_CODE_LENGTH;// 验证码的长度 这里是4位private int line_number = DEFAULT_LINE_NUMBER;// 多少条干扰线private int font_size = DEFAULT_FONT_SIZE;// 字体大小private String codeStr;// 保存生成的验证码private int padding_left, padding_top;private Random random = new Random();/** * 生成验证码图像 */private Bitmap createBitmap() {padding_left = 0;//每次调用这个方法时，都初始化Bitmap bp = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Config.ARGB_8888);//设置图像的宽度、高度、颜色配置Canvas c = new Canvas(bp);//把Bitmap图像绘制到画布上codeStr = createCode();//生成二维码Log.e(TAG, "原生验证码：" + codeStr);c.drawColor(Color.rgb(DEFAULT_COLOR, DEFAULT_COLOR, DEFAULT_COLOR));//填充画布颜色Paint paint = new Paint();//初始化画笔paint.setTextSize(font_size);//设置画笔大小，表现为字符大小//画验证码for (int i = 0; i < codeStr.length(); i++) {randomTextStyle(paint);randomPadding();c.drawText(codeStr.charAt(i) + "", padding_left, padding_top, paint);}//画干扰线for (int i = 0; i < line_number; i++) {drawCustomLine(c, paint);}c.save(Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);// 保存（基于saveFlags,可以保存当前模型和修剪到一个私有堆栈）c.restore();return bp;}/** * 将验证码转换为小写 * 这样只需再将输入框中的验证码也转换为小写，二者再做异同比较即可判断两个验证码是否一致了 * 注：codeStr是本类的私有（private）变量，所以外部类不能直接取得，只有通过getCodeToLower（）这个公有（public）方法才可以取得 */public String getCodeToLower() {return codeStr.toLowerCase();}/** * 获得生成的二维码图像 * 注：createBitmap是本类的私有（private）方法，所以外部类不能直接调用，只有通过getBitmap（）这个公有（public）方法才可以调用 */public Bitmap getBitmap() {return createBitmap();}/** * 生成随机验证码 */private String createCode() {StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 0; i < codeLength; i++) {buffer.append(CHARS[random.nextInt(CHARS.length)]);}return buffer.toString();}/** * 自定义画线 */private void drawCustomLine(Canvas canvas, Paint paint) {int color = randomColor(1);int startX = random.nextInt(width);int startY = random.nextInt(height);int stopX = random.nextInt(width);int stopY = random.nextInt(height);paint.setStrokeWidth(1);//设置描边的宽度paint.setColor(color);canvas.drawLine(startX, startY, stopX, stopY, paint);}/** * 随机生成画笔样式：颜色、粗细、倾斜、下划线、删除线 */private void randomTextStyle(Paint paint) {int color = randomColor(1);paint.setColor(color);paint.setFakeBoldText(random.nextBoolean()); // random.nextBoolean() 返回一个布尔伪随机均匀分布,true或false。 true为粗体，false为非粗体float skewX = random.nextInt(11) / 10;//random.nextInt(int n) 返回一个int伪随机数均匀分布在[0,n)。skewX = random.nextBoolean() ? skewX : -skewX; // float类型参数，负数表示右斜，整数左斜paint.setTextSkewX(skewX); // paint.setUnderlineText(true); //true为下划线，false为非下划线// paint.setStrikeThruText(true); //true为删除线，false为非删除线}/** * 生成随机颜色 */private int randomColor(int rate) {int red = random.nextInt(256) / rate;int green = random.nextInt(256) / rate;int blue = random.nextInt(256) / rate;return Color.rgb(red, green, blue);}/** * 随机生成左、上边距，本例中即每个数字的左上坐标值 */private void randomPadding() {padding_left += base_padding_left + random.nextInt(range_padding_left);padding_top = base_padding_top + random.nextInt(range_padding_top);}}

activity_main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"    tools:context="com.cctvjiatao.authcode.MainActivity" >    <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/ll_username"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <TextView            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="用户名:" />        <EditText            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/ll_pwd"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_below="@id/ll_username"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <TextView            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="密码:" />        <EditText            android:layout_width="fill_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:id="@+id/ll_code"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_below="@id/ll_pwd"        android:layout_marginTop="4dp"        android:gravity="center_vertical"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <LinearLayout            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"            android:layout_marginLeft="10dp"            android:layout_marginRight="10dp"            android:layout_marginTop="5dp"            android:orientation="horizontal" >            <TextView                android:layout_width="wrap_content"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"                android:layout_marginRight="5dp"                android:text="验 证 码:"                android:textColor="#000000" />            <EditText                android:id="@+id/edt_code"                android:layout_width="60dp"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:layout_weight="1"                android:maxLength="4"                android:paddingBottom="10dp"                android:paddingLeft="10dp"                android:paddingTop="10dp"                android:textColor="#000000"                android:textSize="14sp" />        </LinearLayout>        <ImageView            android:id="@+id/iv_image"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"            android:layout_marginTop="5dp"            android:layout_weight="1" />        <Button            android:id="@+id/btn_refresh"            android:layout_width="40dp"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"            android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"            android:layout_marginLeft="5dp"            android:layout_marginRight="5dp"            android:layout_marginTop="5dp"            android:background="@android:color/transparent"            android:text="刷新"            android:textColor="#7f7f7f"            android:textSize="12sp"            android:textStyle="italic" />    </LinearLayout>    <LinearLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_below="@id/ll_code"        android:orientation="horizontal" >        <Button            android:id="@+id/btn_ok"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:text="确定" />    </LinearLayout></RelativeLayout>

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