jquery tmpl 详解

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动态请求数据来更新页面是现在非常常用的方法,比如博客评论的分页动态加载,微博的滚动加载和定时请求加载等。

 

这些情况下,动态请求返回的数据一般不是已拼好的 HTML 就是 JSON 或 XML,总之不在浏览器端拼数据就在服务器端拼数据。不过,从传输量方面来看,返回 HTML 不划算,而在 web 传输方面,现在更多的是使用 JSON 而不是 XML。

浏览器端根据 JSON 生成 HTML 有个很苦恼的地方就是,结构不复杂的时候还好,结构一复杂,就想死了,需要很小心很小心地写出几乎无法维护的 JavaScript 代码。

因此一些用模版生成HTML的的框架相继出现jquery.tmpl 就是其中的一种,下面我们来详细介绍下jquery.tmpl的用法

jquery.tmpl的几种常用标签分别有:

${}{{each}}{{if}}{{else}}{{html}}

不常用标签

 {{=}},{{tmpl}} and {{wrap}}.

${}等同与{{=}}是输出变量 ${}里面还可以放表达式 (=和变量之间一定要有空格,否则无效

示例:

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<div id="div_demo"></div><script id="demo" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">    <div style="margin-bottom:10px;">      <span>${ID}</span>      <span style="margin-left:10px;">{{= Name}}</span>      <span style="margin-left:10px;">${Number(Num)+1}</span>      <span style="margin-left:10px;">${Status}</span>    </div></script><script type="text/javascript">  var users = [{ ID: 'think8848', Name: 'Joseph Chan', Num: '1', Status: 1 }, { ID: 'aCloud', Name: 'Mary Cheung', Num: '2'}];  $("#demo").tmpl(users).appendTo('#div_demo');</script>
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{{each}} 提供循环逻辑,$value访问迭代变量 也可以自定义迭代变量(i,value)

示例:

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<div id="div_each"></div><script id="each" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">     <h3>users</h3>    {{each(i,user) users}}        <div>${i+1}:{{= user.name}}</div>        {{if i==0}}            <h4>group</h4>            {{each(j,group) groups}}                <div>${group.name}</div>            {{/each}}        {{/if}}    {{/each}}    <h3>depart</h3>    {{each departs}}        <div>{{= $value.name}}</div>    {{/each}}</script> <script type="text/javascript">  var eachData = { users: [{ name: 'jerry' }, { name: 'john'}], groups: [{ name: 'mingdao' }, { name: 'meihua' }, { name: 'test'}], departs: [{ name: 'IT'}] };  $("#each").tmpl(eachData).appendTo('#div_each');</script>
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{{if }} {{else}}提供了分支逻辑 {{else}} 相当于else if

示例:

 

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<div id="div_ifelse"></div><script id="ifelse" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">     <div style="margin-bottom:10px;"><span>${ID}</span><span style="margin-left:10px;">{{= Name}}</span>        {{if Status}}            <span>Status${Status}</span>        {{else App}}            <span>App${App}</span>        {{else}}            <span>None</span>        {{/if}}    </div></script> <script type="text/javascript">  var users = [{ ID: 'think8848', Name: 'Joseph Chan', Status: 1, App: 0 }, { ID: 'aCloud', Name: 'Mary Cheung', App: 1 }, { ID: 'bMingdao', Name: 'Jerry Jin'}];    $("#ifelse").tmpl(users).appendTo('#div_ifelse');</script>
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{{html}} 输出变量html,但是没有html编码,适合输出html代码

 实例

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<div id="div_html"></div><script id="html" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">     <div style="margin-bottom:10px;">    <span>${ID}</span>    <span style="margin-left:10px;">{{= Name}}</span>      ${html}      {{html html}}    </div></script> <script type="text/javascript">  var user = { ID: 'think8848', Name: 'Joseph Chan', html: '<button>html</button>' };   $("#html").tmpl(user).appendTo('#div_html');</script>
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{{tmpl}} 嵌套模版

实例

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<div id="tmpl"></div><script id="tmpl1" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">    <div style="margin-bottom:10px;">      <span>${ID}</span>      <span style="margin-left:10px;">{{tmpl($data) '#tmpl2'}}</span>    </div>     </script><script id="tmpl2" type="type/x-jquery-tmpl">    {{each Name}}${$value}  {{/each}}   </script><script type="text/javascript">  var users = [{ ID: 'think8848', Name: ['Joseph', 'Chan'] }, { ID: 'aCloud', Name: ['Mary', 'Cheung']}];   $("#tmpl1").tmpl(users).appendTo('#tmpl');</script>
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{{wrap}},包装器

实例

 

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<div id="wrapDemo">    </div><script id="myTmpl" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">    The following wraps and reorders some HTML content:    {{wrap "#tableWrapper"}}        <h3>One</h3>        <div>            First <b>content</b>        </div>        <h3>Two</h3>        <div>            And <em>more</em> <b>content</b>...        </div>    {{/wrap}}    </script><script id="tableWrapper" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">    <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="1"><tbody>        <tr>            {{each $item.html("h3", true)}}                <td>                    ${$value}                </td>            {{/each}}        </tr>        <tr>            {{each $item.html("div")}}                <td>                    {{html $value}}                </td>            {{/each}}        </tr>    </tbody></table>    </script> <script type="text/javascript">        $(function () {            $('#myTmpl').tmpl().appendTo('#wrapDemo');        });    </script>
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$data $item $item代表当前的模板;$data代表当前的数据。

 

 实例:

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<div id="div_item_data"></div><script id="item_data" type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">      <div style="margin-bottom:10px;">    <span>${$data.ID}</span>    <span style="margin-left:10px;">${$item.getName(" ")}</span>   </div></script> <script type="text/javascript">   var users = [{ ID: 'think8848', Name: ['Joseph', 'Chan'] }, { ID: 'aCloud', Name: ['Mary', 'Cheung']}];     $("#item_data").tmpl(users,                {                getName: function (spr) {                   return this.data.Name.join(spr);                }                }).appendTo('#div_item_data');</script>
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 $.tmplItem()方法,使用这个方法,可以获取从render出来的元素上重新获取$item

实例

<script type="text/javascript">  $('#demo').delegate('div', 'click', function () {                var item = $.tmplItem(this);                alert(item.data.Name);            });</script>

 

Tmpl提供了几种tag:

${}:等同于{{=}},是输出变量,通过了html编码的。
{{html}}:输出变量html,但是没有html编码,适合输出html代码。
{{if }} {{else}}:提供了分支逻辑。
{{each}}:提供循环逻辑,$value访问迭代变量。

jquery tmpl的使用方法:

模板定义:

方法一:

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<script id="movieTemplate"type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">
<li>
<b>${Name}</b> (${ReleaseYear})
</li>
</script>

方法二:

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functionmakeTemplate(){
varmarkup='<li><b>${Name}</b> (${ReleaseYear})</li>‘;
$.template(“movieTemplate”, markup);
}

DATA:

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varmovies = [
{ Name: "The Red Violin", ReleaseYear: "1998"},
{ Name: "Eyes Wide Shut", ReleaseYear: "1999"},
{ Name: "The Inheritance", ReleaseYear: "1976"}
];

Script:

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$("#movieTemplate").tmpl( movies )
.appendTo("#movieList");

实例1:

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.min.js"></script>
<script src="http://ajax.microsoft.com/ajax/jquery.templates/beta1/jquery.tmpl.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
 
<ul class="param-list"></ul>
 
<script type="text/x-jquery-tmpl"id="new-param-tmpl">
<li rel="${num}">
<input type="text"name="key[${num}]"value="${key}"placeholder="key"/> =
<input type="text"name="value[${num}]"value="${value}"placeholder="value"/>
<button type="button"class="button small remove-param"><img src="http://mediacdn.disqus.com/1338845651/images/v3/icon/16/69.png"height="12"alt=""/></button>
<button type="button"class="button small add-param"><span><img src="http://mediacdn.disqus.com/1338845651/images/v3/icon/16/13.png"height="12"alt=""/></button>
</li>
</script>
 
<script>
$(function(){
functionaddParam(key, value) {
varparam_list = $('.param-list');
varnum = param_list.find('li').length;
 
// build a template to clone the current row
varbuilt = $('#new-param-tmpl').tmpl({
num: num,
key: key || '',
value: value || '',
});
if(key) param_list.prepend(built);
elseparam_list.append(built);
 
param_list.find('li:not(:last) .add-param').hide();
param_list.find('li:last .add-param').show();
param_list.find('li:not(:last) .remove-param').show();
param_list.find('li:last .remove-param').hide();
}
 
// bind events
$('.param-list .remove-param').live('click',function(){
$(this).parent().remove();
returnfalse;
});
$('.param-list .add-param').live('click',function(){
addParam();
returnfalse;
});
 
addParam();
})
</script>
</body>
</html>

实例2

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<ul id="movieList"></ul>
 
<script id="movieTemplate"type="text/x-jquery-tmpl">
<li><b>${Name}</b> (${ReleaseYear})</li>
</script>
 
<script type="text/javascript">
varmovies = [
{ Name: "The Red Violin", ReleaseYear: "1998"},
{ Name: "Eyes Wide Shut", ReleaseYear: "1999"},
{ Name: "The Inheritance", ReleaseYear: "1976"}
];
 
// Render the template with the movies data and insert
// the rendered HTML under the "movieList" element
$("#movieTemplate").tmpl( movies )
.appendTo("#movieList");
</script>
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