Android Scroll 详解

来源:互联网 发布:啊哈算法 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/22 06:48

今天,我们就来探讨一下Android中界面滚动效果的相关机制,本篇文章主要讲解一下滚动相关的知识点,之后的文章会涉及实际的代码和原理。希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后,能够了解或者掌握一下知识:

  • Android 视图的组成部分
  • mScrollXmScrollY对视图显示的影响
  • scrollToscrollBy的使用
  • invalidatepostInvalidate的区别

View的mScrollX和mScrollY

 我们都知道,View中有两个重要的成员变量,mScrollX,mScrollY.它们分别代表视图内容(view content)水平方向和竖直方向的滚动距离。我们可以通过setScrollXsetScrollY来个函数来改变它们的值,从而来滚动视图的内容。 
在这里需要强调的是,mScrollXmScrollY会导致视图内容(view content)变化,但是不会影响视图背景(background)。 
 看到这里同学们或许会有写疑问,视图的内容和背景有什么区别呢?视图还有哪些组成部分呢? 
 我们可以从View的draw方法中得知View的组成部分。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/5.1.1_r1/android/view/View.java#View</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">draw</span>(Canvas canvas) {         ........        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*         * Draw traversal performs several drawing steps which must be executed         * in the appropriate order:         *         *      1. Draw the background         *      2. If necessary, save the canvas' layers to prepare for fading         *      3. Draw view's content         *      4. Draw children         *      5. If necessary, draw the fading edges and restore layers         *      6. Draw decorations (scrollbars for instance)         */</span>        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 1, draw the background, if needed</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!dirtyOpaque) {            drawBackground(canvas);        }        .......        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 2, save the canvas' layers</span>        .......        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 3, draw the content</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 4, draw the children</span>        dispatchDraw(canvas);        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 5, draw the fade effect and restore layers</span>        .......        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (drawTop) {            matrix.setScale(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, fadeHeight * topFadeStrength);            matrix.postTranslate(left, top);            fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix);            p.setShader(fade);            canvas.drawRect(left, top, right, top + length, p);        }        .....        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 6, draw decorations (scrollbars)</span>        onDrawScrollBars(canvas);        ......    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">32</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">33</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">34</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">35</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">36</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">37</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">38</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">39</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">40</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">41</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">42</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">43</li></ul>

 View显示内容由一下几个部分组成: 
- 背景(background) 
- 本身的内容(content) 
- 子视图 
- 边界渐变效果(fade effect),上下左右四个边界都可能会有渐变效果,代码中只显示了上边界的渐变效果绘制。 
- 边框或者装饰效果(decorations),比如滚动条

 举个例子吧,我们都知道在布局文件中,TextView有两个比较重要的属性:background,textbackground可以设置TextView的背景,而text则是设置要绘制字体内容。

<code class="language-xml hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-tag" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/ic_launcher"</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"Test"</span>        <span class="hljs-attribute" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li></ul>

mScrollXmScrollY对除了本身内容外的部分的绘制都有影响。只是不会影响视图背景的绘制。

滚动的方向性

 我们都知道,在Android的视图中,布局相关的数值都是有方向性的,比如mLeft,mTop

视图坐标轴

 由上图我们可以知道,Android视图坐标的原点在屏幕的左上方,x轴正方向是向右,y轴正方向是向下。 
 所以,当你将mLeftmTop的数值加10并且重绘视图时,视图会向右下移动。 
 那么mScrollYmScrollX也在这样一个坐标域中吗?它们的正方向和mTopmLeft是一样的吗?是的,它们属于同一个坐标域,方向性相同。 
 但是如果你将mScrollXmScrollY的数值都增大10,然后调用invalidate()重新绘制界面的话,你会发现视图中的内容都向左上角移动啦! 
 这是怎么回事呢?从概念上你可以先这样解:mScrollXmScrollY改变导致View的可视区域的移动,并不是导致View的视图区域的移动。 
 View的视图区域相当于无限大的,你可以在onDraw函数中的canvas中绘制任意大的图像,但是你会发现,最终屏幕上显示出来的只会是一部分,因为View自身还有大小概念,也就是measurelayout时,视图会被设置长宽还有界面中位置,这样的话,视图可视区域就被确定啦。 
 做一个形象的比喻。View的可视区域就是一面墙上的窗户,View的视图区域就相当于墙后边的优美景色。墙外风光无线,但是你只能看到窗户中的景色。如果窗户变大啦,外边风景不变,你看到的景色就大了一点;如果窗户向右下角移动了一段距离,你就会发现外边的景色好像是向左上角”移动”了一段距离。

view scroll example

ScrollTo 和 ScrollBy

 这两个函数是用来滚动视图的API

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">scrollTo</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> x, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> y) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mScrollX != x || mScrollY != y) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldX = mScrollX;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldY = mScrollY;            mScrollX = x;            mScrollY = y;            invalidateParentCaches();            onScrollChanged(mScrollX, mScrollY, oldX, oldY);            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!awakenScrollBars()) {                postInvalidateOnAnimation();            }        }    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">scrollBy</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> x, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> y) {        scrollTo(mScrollX + x, mScrollY + y);    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li></ul>

 大家看源代码很容易就理解了二者的作用和区别:scrollTo就是直接改变mScrollXmScrollY;而scrollBy则是给mScrollXmScrollY加上增量。

invalidate和postInvalidate

 上边这两个函数都是请求视图重新绘制的API,但是二者的使用有些区别。 
invalidate必须在主线程(UI Thread)中调用,而postInvalidate可以在非主线程(Non UI Thread)中调用。 
 除此之外,二者还有点小区别。 
 调用invalidate时,它会检查上一次请求的UI重绘是否完成,如果没有完成的话,那么它就什么都不做。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> invalidateInternal(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> invalidateCache,            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> fullInvalidate) {            .....         <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//DRAWN和HAS_BOUNDS是否被设置为1,说明上一次请求执行的UI绘制已经完成,那么可以再次请求执行</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mPrivateFlags & (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)) == (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)                || (invalidateCache && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID)                || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_INVALIDATED) != PFLAG_INVALIDATED                || (fullInvalidate && isOpaque() != mLastIsOpaque)) {                 ......                 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> ViewParent p = mParent;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect damage = ai.mTmpInvalRect;                damage.set(l, t, r, b);                p.invalidateChild(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, damage);<span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//TODO:这是invalidate执行的主体</span>                .....        }    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li></ul>

 而postInvalidate则不会这样,它是向主线程发送个Message,然后handleMessage时,调用了invalidate()函数。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//View.java</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">postInvalidateDelayed</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> delayMilliseconds) {    ...               attachInfo.mViewRootImpl.dispatchInvalidateDelayed(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, delayMilliseconds);    ...    }<span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// ViewRootImpl 发送Message</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">dispatchInvalidateDelayed</span>(View view, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> delayMilliseconds) {        Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(MSG_INVALIDATE, view);        mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, delayMilliseconds);    }<span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// ViewRootImpl 处理Message</span><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (msg.what) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MSG_INVALIDATE:                ((View) msg.obj).invalidate();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            }}   </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li></ul>

 所以,二者的调用时机还是有区别的,就比如使用Scroller进行视图滚动时,二者的调用就有所不同

  • 手势Drag的实现和原理
  • 手势Fling的实现和原理
  • OverScroll效果和EdgeEffect效果的实现和原理。

 详细代码请查看我的github

Drag

 Drag是最为基本的手势:用户可以使用手指在屏幕上滑动,以拖动屏幕相应内容移动。实现Drag手势其实很简单,步骤如下:

  • ACTION_DOWN事件发生时,调用getXgetY函数获得事件发生的x,y坐标值,并记录在mLastXmLastY变量中。
  • ACTION_MOVE事件发生时,调用getXgetY函数获得事件发生的x,y坐标值,将其与mLastXmLastY比较,如果二者差值大于一定限制(ScaledTouchSlop),就执行scrollBy函数,进行滚动,最后更新mLastXmLastY的值。
  • ACTION_UPACTION_CANCEL事件发生时,清空mLastXmLastY
<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">onTouchEvent</span>(MotionEvent event) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> actionId = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (actionId) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:                mLastX = event.getX();                mLastY = event.getY();                mIsBeingDragged = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (getParent() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {                    getParent().requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);                }                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> curX = event.getX();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> curY = event.getY();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> deltaX = (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>) (mLastX - curX);                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> deltaY = (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>) (mLastY - curY);                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mIsBeingDragged && (Math.abs(deltaX)> mTouchSlop ||                                                        Math.abs(deltaY)> mTouchSlop)) {                    mIsBeingDragged = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>;                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 让第一次滑动的距离和之后的距离不至于差距太大</span>                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 因为第一次必须>TouchSlop,之后则是直接滑动</span>                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (deltaX > <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) {                        deltaX -= mTouchSlop;                    } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {                        deltaX += mTouchSlop;                    }                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (deltaY > <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) {                        deltaY -= mTouchSlop;                    } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {                        deltaY += mTouchSlop;                    }                }                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 当mIsBeingDragged为true时,就不用判断> touchSlopg啦,不然会导致滚动是一段一段的</span>                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 不是很连续</span>                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mIsBeingDragged) {                        scrollBy(deltaX, deltaY);                        mLastX = curX;                        mLastY = curY;                }                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:                mIsBeingDragged = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>;                mLastY = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                mLastX = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>:        }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mIsBeingDragged;    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">32</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">33</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">34</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">35</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">36</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">37</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">38</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">39</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">40</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">41</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">42</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">43</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">44</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">45</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">46</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">47</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">48</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">49</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">50</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">51</li></ul>

多触点Drag

 上边的代码只适用于单点触控的手势,如果你是两个手指触摸屏幕,那么它只会根据你第一个手指滑动的情况来进行屏幕滚动。更为致命的是,当你先松开第一个手指时,由于我们少监听了ACTION_POINTER_UP事件,将会导致屏幕突然滚动一大段距离,因为第二个手指移动事件的x,y值会和第一个手指移动时留下的mLastXmLastY比较,导致屏幕滚动。

 如果我们要监听并处理多触点的事件,我们还需要对ACTION_POINTER_DOWNACTION_POINTER_UP事件进行监听,并且在ACTION_MOVE事件时,要记录所有触摸点事件发生的x,y值。

  • ACTION_POINTER_DOWN事件发生时,我们要记录第二触摸点事件发生的x,y值为mSecondaryLastXmSecondaryLastY,和第二触摸点pointer的id为mSecondaryPointerId
  • ACTION_MOVE事件发生时,我们除了根据第一触摸点pointer的x,y值进行滚动外,也要更新mSecondayLastXmSecondaryLastY
  • ACTION_POINTER_UP事件发生时,我们要先判断是哪个触摸点手指被抬起来啦,如果是第一触摸点,那么我们就将坐标值和pointer的id都更换为第二触摸点的数据;如果是第二触摸点,就只要重置一下数据即可。
<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (actionId) {            .....            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN:                activePointerIndex = MotionEventCompat.getActionIndex(event);                mSecondaryPointerId = MotionEventCompat.findPointerIndex(event,activePointerIndex);                mSecondaryLastX = MotionEventCompat.getX(event,activePointerIndex);                mSecondaryLastY = MotionEventCompat.getY(event,mActivePointerId);                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:                ......                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// handle secondary pointer move</span>                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mSecondaryPointerId != INVALID_ID) {                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> mSecondaryPointerIndex = MotionEventCompat.findPointerIndex(event, mSecondaryPointerId);                    mSecondaryLastX = MotionEventCompat.getX(event, mSecondaryPointerIndex);                    mSecondaryLastY = MotionEventCompat.getY(event, mSecondaryPointerIndex);                }                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP:                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//判断是否是activePointer up了</span>                activePointerIndex = MotionEventCompat.getActionIndex(event);                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> curPointerId  = MotionEventCompat.getPointerId(event,activePointerIndex);                Log.e(TAG, <span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"onTouchEvent: "</span>+activePointerIndex +<span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" "</span>+curPointerId +<span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" activeId"</span>+mActivePointerId+                                        <span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"secondaryId"</span>+mSecondaryPointerId);                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (curPointerId == mActivePointerId) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// active pointer up</span>                    mActivePointerId = mSecondaryPointerId;                    mLastX = mSecondaryLastX;                    mLastY = mSecondaryLastY;                    mSecondaryPointerId = INVALID_ID;                    mSecondaryLastY = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                    mSecondaryLastX = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//重复代码,为了让逻辑看起来更加清晰</span>                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span>{ <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果是secondary pointer up</span>                    mSecondaryPointerId = INVALID_ID;                    mSecondaryLastY = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                    mSecondaryLastX = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                }                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:                mIsBeingDragged = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>;                mActivePointerId = INVALID_ID;                mLastY = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                mLastX = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>:        }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">32</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">33</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">34</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">35</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">36</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">37</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">38</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">39</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">40</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">41</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">42</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">43</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">44</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">45</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">46</li></ul>

Fling

 当用户手指快速划过屏幕,然后快速立刻屏幕时,系统会判定用户执行了一个Fling手势。视图会快速滚动,并且在手指立刻屏幕之后也会滚动一段时间。Drag表示手指滑动多少距离,界面跟着显示多少距离,而fling是根据你的滑动方向与轻重,还会自动滑动一段距离。Filing手势在android交互设计中应用非常广泛:电子书的滑动翻页、ListView滑动删除item、滑动解锁等。所以如何检测用户的fling手势是非常重要的。 
 在检测Fling时,你需要检测手指在屏幕上滑动的速度,这是你就需要VelocityTrackerScroller这两个类啦。

  • 我们首先使用VelocityTracker.obtain()这个方法获得其实例
  • 然后每次处理触摸时间时,我们将触摸事件通过addMovement方法传递给它
  • 最后在处理ACTION_UP事件时,我们通过computeCurrentVelocity方法获得滑动速度;
  • 我们判断滑动速度是否大于一定数值(MinFlingSpeed),如果大于,那么我们调用Scrollerfling方法。然后调用invalidate()函数。
  • 我们需要重载computeScroll方法,在这个方法内,我们调用ScrollercomputeScrollOffset()方法啦计算当前的偏移量,然后获得偏移量,并调用scrollTo函数,最后调用postInvalidate()函数。
  • 除了上述的操作外,我们需要在处理ACTION_DOWN事件时,对屏幕当前状态进行判断,如果屏幕现在正在滚动(用户刚进行了Fling手势),我们需要停止屏幕滚动。

 具体这一套流程是如何运转的,我会在下一篇文章中详细解释,大家也可以自己查阅代码或者google来搞懂其中的原理。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">onTouchEvent</span>(MotionEvent event) {        .....        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mVelocityTracker == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//检查速度测量器,如果为null,获得一个</span>            mVelocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();        }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> action = MotionEventCompat.getActionMasked(event);        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> index = -<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>;        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (action) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:                ......                                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mScroller.isFinished()) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//fling</span>                    mScroller.abortAnimation();                }                .....                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:                ......                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:                endDrag();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mIsBeingDragged) {                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//当手指立刻屏幕时,获得速度,作为fling的初始速度     mVelocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(1000,mMaxFlingSpeed);</span>                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> initialVelocity = (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>)mVelocityTracker.getYVelocity(mActivePointerId);                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (Math.abs(initialVelocity) > mMinFlingSpeed) {                        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 由于坐标轴正方向问题,要加负号。</span>                        doFling(-initialVelocity);                    }                    endDrag();                }                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">default</span>:        }        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//每次onTouchEvent处理Event时,都将event交给时间</span>        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//测量器</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mVelocityTracker != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {            mVelocityTracker.addMovement(event);        }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>;    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">doFling</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> speed) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mScroller == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span>;        }        mScroller.fling(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,getScrollY(),<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,speed,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10000</span>);        invalidate();    }    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">computeScroll</span>() {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mScroller.computeScrollOffset()) {            scrollTo(mScroller.getCurrX(),mScroller.getCurrY());            postInvalidate();        }    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">32</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">33</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">34</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">35</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">36</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">37</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">38</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">39</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">40</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">41</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">42</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">43</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">44</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">45</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">46</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">47</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">48</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">49</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">50</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">51</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">52</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">53</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">54</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">55</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">56</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">57</li></ul>

OverScroll

 在Android手机上,当我们滚动屏幕内容到达内容边界时,如果再滚动就会有一个发光效果。而且界面会进行滚动一小段距离之后再回复原位,这些效果是如何实现的呢?我们需要使用ScrollerscrollTo的升级版OverScrolleroverScrollBy了,还有发光的EdgeEffect类。 
 我们先来了解一下相关的API,理解了这些接口参数的含义,你就可以轻松使用这些接口来实现上述的效果啦。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">overScrollBy</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> deltaX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> deltaY,            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY,            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollRangeX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollRangeY,            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> maxOverScrollX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> maxOverScrollY,            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> isTouchEvent)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li></ul>
  • int deltaX,int deltaY : 偏移量,也就是当前要滚动的x,y值。
  • int scrollX,int scrollY : 当前的mScrollX和mScrollY的值。
  • int maxOverScrollX,int maxOverScrollY: 标示可以滚动的最大的x,y值,也就是你视图真实的长和宽。也就是说,你的视图可视大小可能是100,100,但是视图中的内容的大小为200,200,所以,上述两个值就为200,200
  • int maxOverScrollX,int maxOverScrollY:允许超过滚动范围的最大值,x方向的滚动范围就是0~maxOverScrollX,y方向的滚动范围就是0~maxOverScrollY。
  • boolean isTouchEvent:是否在onTouchEvent中调用的这个函数。所以,当你在computeScroll中调用这个函数时,就可以传入false。
<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">onOverScrolled</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> clampedX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> clampedY)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li></ul>
  • int scrollX,int scrollY:就是x,y方向的滚动距离,就相当于mScrollXmScrollY。你既可以直接把二者赋值给相应的成员变量,也可以使用scrollTo函数。
  • boolean clampedX,boolean clampY:表示是否到达超出滚动范围的最大值。如果为true,就需要调用OverScrollspringBack函数来让视图回复原来位置。
<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">springBack</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> startX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> startY, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> minX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> maxX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> minY, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> maxY)</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li></ul>
  • int startX,int startY:标示当前的滚动值,也就是mScrollXmScrollY的值。
  • int minX,int maxX:标示x方向的合理滚动值
  • int minY,int maxY:标示y方向的合理滚动值。

 相信看完上述的API之后,大家会有很多的疑惑,所以这里我来举个例子。 
 假设视图大小为100*100。当你一直下拉到视图上边缘,然后在下拉,这时,mScrollY已经达到或者超过正常的滚动范围的最小值了,也就是0,但是你的maxOverScrollY传入的是10,所以,mScrollY最小可以到达-10,最大可以为110。所以,你可以继续下拉。等到mScrollY到达或者超过-10时,clampedY就为true,标示视图已经达到可以OverScroll的边界,需要回滚到正常滚动范围,所以你调用springBack(0,0,0,100)。

 然后我们再来看一下发光效果是如何实现的。 
 使用EdgeEffect类。一般来说,当你只上下滚动时,你只需要两个EdgeEffect实例,分别代表上边界和下边界的发光效果。你需要在下面两个情景下改变EdgeEffect的状态,然后在draw()方法中绘制EdgeEffect

  • 处理ACTION_MOVE时,如果发现y方向的滚动值超过了正常范围的最小值时,你需要调用上边界实例的onPull方法。如果是超过最大值,那么就是调用下边界的onPull方法。
  • computeScroll函数中,也就是说Fling手势执行过程中,如果发现y方向的滚动值超过正常范围时的最小值时,调用onAbsorb函数。

 然后就是重载draw方法,让EdgeEffect实例在画布上绘制自己。你会发现,你必须对画布进行移动或者旋转来让EdgeEffect绘制出上边界或者下边界的发光的效果,因为EdgeEffect对象自己是没有上下左右的概念的。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">draw</span>(Canvas canvas) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.draw(canvas);        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mEdgeEffectTop != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY = getScrollY();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mEdgeEffectTop.isFinished()) {                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> count = canvas.save();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> width = getWidth() - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight();                canvas.translate(getPaddingLeft(),Math.min(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,scrollY));                mEdgeEffectTop.setSize(width,getHeight());                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mEdgeEffectTop.draw(canvas)) {                    postInvalidate();                }                canvas.restoreToCount(count);            }        }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mEdgeEffectBottom != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY = getScrollY();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mEdgeEffectBottom.isFinished()) {                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> count = canvas.save();                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> width = getWidth() - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight();                canvas.translate(-width+getPaddingLeft(),Math.max(getScrollRange(),scrollY)+getHeight());                canvas.rotate(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">180</span>,width,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);                mEdgeEffectBottom.setSize(width,getHeight());                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mEdgeEffectBottom.draw(canvas)) {                    postInvalidate();                }                canvas.restoreToCount(count);            }        }    } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">onTouchEvent</span>(MotionEvent event) {            ......            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:                .....                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mIsBeingDragged) {                    overScrollBy(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>)deltaY,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,getScrollY(),<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,getScrollRange(),<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,mOverScrollDistance,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> pulledToY = (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>)(getScrollY()+deltaY);                    mLastY = y;                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (pulledToY<<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) {                        mEdgeEffectTop.onPull(deltaY/getHeight(),event.getX(mActivePointerId)/getWidth());                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mEdgeEffectBottom.isFinished()) {                            mEdgeEffectBottom.onRelease();                        }                    } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span>(pulledToY> getScrollRange()) {                        mEdgeEffectBottom.onPull(deltaY/getHeight(),<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1.0</span>f-event.getX(mActivePointerId)/getWidth());                        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mEdgeEffectTop.isFinished()) {                            mEdgeEffectTop.onRelease();                        }                    }                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mEdgeEffectTop != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && mEdgeEffectBottom != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> &&(!mEdgeEffectTop.isFinished()                                        || !mEdgeEffectBottom.isFinished())) {                        postInvalidate();                    }                }                .....        }        ....    }    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">onOverScrolled</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> scrollY, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> clampedX, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> clampedY) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mScroller.isFinished()) {              <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldX = getScrollX();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldY = getScrollY();            scrollTo(scrollX,scrollY);            onScrollChanged(scrollX,scrollY,oldX,oldY);            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (clampedY) {                Log.e(<span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TEST1"</span>,<span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"springBack"</span>);                mScroller.springBack(getScrollX(),getScrollY(),<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,getScrollRange());            }        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// TouchEvent中的overScroll调用</span>            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.scrollTo(scrollX,scrollY);        }    }    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">computeScroll</span>() {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mScroller.computeScrollOffset()) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldX = getScrollX();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> oldY = getScrollY();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> x = mScroller.getCurrX();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> y = mScroller.getCurrY();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> range = getScrollRange();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (oldX != x || oldY != y) {                overScrollBy(x-oldX,y-oldY,oldX,oldY,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,range,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,mOverFlingDistance,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>);            }            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> overScrollMode = getOverScrollMode();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> canOverScroll = overScrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS ||                    (overScrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_IF_CONTENT_SCROLLS && range > <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>);            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (canOverScroll) {                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (y<<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> && oldY >= <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) {                    mEdgeEffectTop.onAbsorb((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>)mScroller.getCurrVelocity());                } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (y> range && oldY < range) {                    mEdgeEffectBottom.onAbsorb((<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>)mScroller.getCurrVelocity());                }            }        }    }</code>

  • Scroller相关机制。
  • mScrollXmScrollY是如何影响视图内容。
  • Android视图绘制逻辑,包括相关API和Canvas的相关操作。

一切从Scroller使用开始

 使用scroller的实例代码,之后的讲解流程就是scroller和computeScroll是如何调用的啦。 
 在系列文章的第二篇中,我们具体学习了Scroller的使用方法。通过ScrollerflingViewcomputeScroll的配合,实现视图滚动效果。实例代码如下

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">.....           mScroller.fling(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,getScrollY(),<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,speed,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,-<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10000</span>)    invalidate();    .....    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">computeScroll</span>() {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mScroller.computeScrollOffset()) {                        scrollTo(mScroller.getCurrX(),                        mScroller.getCurrY());               postInvalidate();            }    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li></ul>

 本篇文章就带大家探究一下这段代码背后的原理和机制。

Invalidate的寻父之路

 这一节主要分析在View中调用invalidateViewRoot执行performTraversals的原理,对android视图架构不是很熟悉的同学可以先阅读一下《Android视图架构详解》。 
validate时序图

 我们先来看一下View中的invalidate代码。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">invalidate</span>() {        invalidate(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> invalidate(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> invalidateCache) {        invalidateInternal(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop, invalidateCache, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>);    }        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> invalidateInternal(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> l, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> t, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> r, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> b, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> invalidateCache,                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> fullInvalidate) {            .....            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//DRAWN和HAS_BOUNDS是否被设置为1,说明上一次请求执行的UI绘制已经完成,那么可以再次请求执行</span>            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mPrivateFlags & (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)) == (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)                    || (invalidateCache && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID)                    || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_INVALIDATED) != PFLAG_INVALIDATED                    || (fullInvalidate && isOpaque() != mLastIsOpaque)) {                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (fullInvalidate) {                    mLastIsOpaque = isOpaque();                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWN;                }                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DIRTY;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (invalidateCache) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//是否让view的缓存都失效</span>                    mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_INVALIDATED;                    mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;                }                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Propagate the damage rectangle to the parent view.</span>                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> ViewParent p = mParent;                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//通过ViewParent来执行操作,如果当前视图是顶层视图也就是DecorView的视图,那么它的</span>                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//mParent就是ViewRoot对象,所以是通过ViewRoot的对象来实现的。</span>                <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (p != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && ai != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> && l < r && t < b) {                    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect damage = ai.mTmpInvalRect;                    damage.set(l, t, r, b);                    p.invalidateChild(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, damage);<span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//TODO:这是invalidate执行的主体</span>                }                .....            }        }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">32</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">33</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">34</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">35</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">36</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">37</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">38</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">39</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">40</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">41</li></ul>

 我们可以看到,调用invalidate()会导致整个视图进行刷新,并且会刷新缓存。 
 然后我们再来详细的研究一下invalidateInternal中的代码。我们先来着重看一下if语句的判断条件把。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mPrivateFlags & (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)) == (PFLAG_DRAWN | PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS)            || (invalidateCache && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID)            || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_INVALIDATED) != PFLAG_INVALIDATED            || (fullInvalidate && isOpaque() != mLastIsOpaque))</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li></ul>
  • mPrivateFlagsFLAG_DRAWNFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS位设置为1时,说明上一次请求执行的UI绘制已经完成,那么可以再次请求重新绘制。FLAG_DRAWN位会在draw函数中会被置为1,而FLAG_HAS_BOUNDS会在setFrame函数中被设置为1。
  • mPrivateFlagsPFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID标示视图缓存是否有效,如果有效并且invalidateCache为true,那么可以请求重新绘制。
  • 另外两个布尔判断的具体含义并没有分析清楚,大家感兴趣的请自行研究。 
     然后将mPrivateFlagsPFLAG_DIRTY置为1。并且如果是要刷新缓存的话,将PFLAG_INVALIDATED位设置为1,并且将PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID位设置为0,这一步和之前的if判断中后两个布尔判断相对应,可见,如果已经有一个invalidate设置了上述两个标志位,那么下一个invalidate就不会进行任何操作。 
     接着,调用ViewParent接口的invalidateChild函数,在《Android视图架构详解》,我们已经知道ViewGroupViewRoot都实现了上述接口,那么,根据Android视图树状结构,ViewGroup的相应方法会被调用。
<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">invalidateChild</span>(View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect dirty) {    ViewParent parent = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> AttachInfo attachInfo = mAttachInfo;    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (attachInfo != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {        ....        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// while一直向上递归</span>        do {            ......            parent = parent.invalidateChildInParent(location, dirty);            ....        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">while</span> (parent != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>);    }}<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> ViewParent <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">invalidateChildInParent</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] location, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect dirty) {    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWN) == PFLAG_DRAWN ||            (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) == PFLAG_DRAWING_CACHE_VALID) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mGroupFlags & (FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE | FLAG_ANIMATION_DONE)) !=                    FLAG_OPTIMIZE_INVALIDATE) {            ......            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mParent;        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {            .....            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> mParent;        }    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>;}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li></ul>

 通过上述代码我们可以看到ViewGroupinvalidateChild函数通过循环不断调用其父视图的invalidateChildInParent,而且我们知道ViewRootDecorView的父视图,也就是说ViewRoot是Android视图树状结构的根。所以,最终ViewRootinvalidateChildInParent会被调用。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">  <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在ViewGroup的invalidateChildInParent中while循环,一直调用到这里,然后在调用invalidateChild</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> ViewParent <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">invalidateChildInParent</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span>[] location, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Rect dirty) {        invalidateChild(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>, dirty);        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">invalidateChild</span>(View child, Rect dirty) {    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//先检查线程,必须是主线程</span>    checkThread();    .....    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//如果mWillDrawSoon为true那么就是消息队列中已经有一个DO_TRAVERSAL的消息啦</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mWillDrawSoon) {         <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//直接调用了这个喽</span>        scheduleTraversals();    }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li></ul>

 最终,在ViewRootinvalidateChild函数中,调用了scheduleTraversals,开启了视图重绘之旅。

我们都被ViewRoot骗了

ViewRoot是Android视图树状结构的根节点,并且它实现了ViewParent接口,是DecorView的父视图。那么大家一定会认为它就是一个View吧。那我们就被它给骗了!!ViewRoot本质上是一个Handler,我们可以看一下scheduleTraversalsperformTraversals的原理就知道了。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">scheduleTraversals</span>() {    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!mTraversalScheduled) {        mTraversalScheduled = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span>;        sendEmptyMessage(DO_TRAVERSAL);    }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li></ul>

 在scheduleTraversals中,ViewRoot只是向自己发送了一个DO_TRAVERSAL的空信息。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">handleMessage</span>(Message msg) {        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">switch</span> (msg.what) {        ....        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">case</span> DO_TRAVERSAL:        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//这里就是Handle处理travel信息的地方</span>            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mProfile) {                Debug.startMethodTracing(<span class="hljs-string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"ViewRoot"</span>);            }            performTraversals();            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (mProfile) {                Debug.stopMethodTracing();                mProfile = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>;            }            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">break</span>;            .....        }    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li></ul>

 然后我们在查看handleMessage方法,发现在处理DO_TRAVERSAL时,ViewRoot调用了performTraversals函数。 
 在performTraversals中,视图要进行measure,layout,和draw三大步骤,篇幅有限,我们这里只研究绘制相关的机制。 
ViewRootperformTraversals中调用了自身的draw方法,看吧,ViewRoot伪装的还挺像,连draw方法都有。但是我们会发现,在draw方法中,ViewRoot实际上只调用了自己的mView成员变量的draw方法,而且我们都知道的是,mView就是DecorView,于是,绘制流程来到了真正的View视图的根节点。

大家都来画的canvas

 接下来,我们就正式研究一下Android的绘制机制,我们沿着Android视图的树状结构来分析绘制原理。 
draw时序图

 首先是DecorView的绘制相关的函数。在ViewRootdraw方法中,直接调用了DecorViewdraw(Canvas canvas)函数,我们知道DecorViewFrameLayout的子类,其draw(Canvas canvas)函数是从View中继承而来的。所以我们先来看Viewdraw(Canvas canvas)方法。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/5.1.1_r1/android/view/View.java#View</span>    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">draw</span>(Canvas canvas) {             ........            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*             * Draw traversal performs several drawing steps which must be executed             * in the appropriate order:             *             *      1. Draw the background             *      2. If necessary, save the canvas' layers to prepare for fading             *      3. Draw view's content             *      4. Draw children             *      5. If necessary, draw the fading edges and restore layers             *      6. Draw decorations (scrollbars for instance)             */</span>            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 1, draw the background, if needed</span>            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!dirtyOpaque) {                drawBackground(canvas);            }            .......            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 2, save the canvas' layers</span>            .......            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 3, draw the content</span>            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!dirtyOpaque) onDraw(canvas);            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 4, draw the children</span>            dispatchDraw(canvas);            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 5, draw the fade effect and restore layers</span>            .......            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (drawTop) {                matrix.setScale(<span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, fadeHeight * topFadeStrength);                matrix.postTranslate(left, top);                fade.setLocalMatrix(matrix);                p.setShader(fade);                canvas.drawRect(left, top, right, top + length, p);            }            .....            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Step 6, draw decorations (scrollbars)</span>            onDrawScrollBars(canvas);            ......        }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">32</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">33</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">34</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">35</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">36</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">37</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">38</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">39</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">40</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">41</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">42</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">43</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">44</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">45</li></ul>

 关于视图的组成部分,我在之前的文章中已经讲述过来,请不太熟悉这部分内容的同学自行查阅文章或者其他资料。通过上述代码我们可以看到,ViewdispatchDraw函数被调用了,它是向子视图分发绘制指令和相关数据的方法。在View中,上述函数是一个空函数,但是ViewGroup中对这个函数进行了实现。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">dispatchDraw</span>(Canvas canvas) {        ....        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> ArrayList<View> preorderedList = usingRenderNodeProperties                ? <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span> : buildOrderedChildList();        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> customOrder = preorderedList == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>                && isChildrenDrawingOrderEnabled();        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < childrenCount; i++) {            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> childIndex = customOrder ? getChildDrawingOrder(childrenCount, i) : i;            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> View child = (preorderedList == <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>)                    ? children[childIndex] : preorderedList.get(childIndex);            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((child.mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || child.getAnimation() != <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>) {                <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//在这里drawChild</span>                more |= drawChild(canvas, child, drawingTime);            }        }        ....    }    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; box-sizing: border-box;">drawChild</span>(Canvas canvas, View child, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> drawingTime) {    <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//这里就调用child的draw方法啦,而不是draw(canvas)方法!!!!!</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> child.draw(canvas, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, drawingTime);    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li></ul>

 通过上述代码我们可以看到,ViewGroup分别调用了自己的子View的draw方法,需要特别注意的是,这个draw和之前draw方法不是同一个方法,他们的参数不同。于是,我们再次转到View的源码中,看一下这个draw方法到底做了什么。

<code class="language-java hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> draw(Canvas canvas, ViewGroup parent, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">long</span> drawingTime) {        ....        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//进行计算滚动</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!hasDisplayList) {            computeScroll();            sx = mScrollX;            sy = mScrollY;        }        ...        <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//这里进行了平移。</span>        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (offsetForScroll) {            canvas.translate(mLeft - sx, mTop - sy);        }        .....         <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!layerRendered) {          <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (!hasDisplayList) {            <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Fast path for layouts with no backgrounds</span>            <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> ((mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW) == PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW) {              mPrivateFlags &= ~PFLAG_DIRTY_MASK;              dispatchDraw(canvas);            } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">else</span> {              <span class="hljs-comment" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 在这里调用了draw</span>              draw(canvas);            }          }                 ......        }        ......    }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">1</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">2</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">3</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">4</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">5</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">6</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">7</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">8</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">9</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">10</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">11</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">12</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">13</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">14</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">15</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">16</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">17</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">18</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">19</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">20</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">21</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">22</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">23</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">24</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">25</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">26</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">27</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">28</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">29</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">30</li><li style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px 5px; box-sizing: border-box;">31</li></ul>

 首先,我们发现computeScroll方法是在其中被调用的,从而计算出新的mScrollXmScrollY,然后在平移画布,产生内容平移效果。 
 然后我们发现通过PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW标志位的判断,有些View是直接调用dispatchDraw函数,说明它自己没有需要绘制的内容,而有些View则是调用自己的draw方法。我们应该都知道ViewGroup默认是不进行绘制内容的吧,我们一般调用setNotWillDraw方法来让其可以绘制自身内容,通过调用setNotWillDraw方法,会导致PFLAG_SKIP_DRAW位被置为1,从而可以绘制自身内容。 
 分析到这里,我们就会发现draw函数沿着Android视图树状结构被不断调用,知道所有视图都完成绘制。

把一切连接起来的computeScroll

 读到这里大家应该对Android视图绘制流程有了基本的了解了吧,那么,我们再来看一下文章开头的例子。在computeScroll方法中,我们调用了postInvalidate方法,这又是什么用意呢? 
 其实,在computeScroll中不掉用postInvalidate好像也可以达到正确的效果,具体原因我不太了解,猜测应该是Android自动刷新界面可以代替postInvalidate的效果吧。同学们如果知道其中具体原因,请告知我啊。 
 在《Android Scroll详解(一):基础知识》中,我们已经讲到 
postInvalidate其实就是调用了invalidate,然后整个流程就连接了起来,mScrollXmScrollY每个循环都会改变一点,然后导致界面滚动,最终形成界面Scroll效果。


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