MySQL复制应用中继日志解析
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作者 ：沃趣科技高级数据库专家 邱文辉
1.从一个大神那边得到一张图片，SQL线程应用中继日志流程，下面就实验验证一下:(PS,我个人认为这张图binlog_format为ROW格式是正确的)
2.验证有PK表情况
在主库创建表结构
CREATE TABLE `table_pk` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL ,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL ,
`age` tinyint NOT NULL ,
`sex` tinyint NOT NULL COMMENT '0,man,1,woman' ,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;
插入测试数据
insert into table_pk (`id`,`name`,`age`,`sex`) values(111,'zhangsan',20,0);
insert into table_pk (`id`,`name`,`age`,`sex`) values(222,'lisi',22,1);
insert into table_pk (`id`,`name`,`age`,`sex`) values(333,'wangwu',22,1);
insert into table_pk (`id`,`name`,`age`,`sex`) values(444,'lilei',32,0);
insert into table_pk (`id`,`name`,`age`,`sex`) values(555,'hanmeimei',30,1);
(dg6)root@localhost [(none)]> use mytest;(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> show global variables like '%binlog_format%';+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| binlog_format | ROW |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
那么我们去从库看看
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show global variables like '%binlog_format%';+--------------------------+-------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+-------------------+| binlog_format | ROW |+--------------------------+-------------------+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 4469 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 4681 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 4469 Relay_Log_Space: 4883 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-17 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-9,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-17 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)
数据是复制过来的，MySQL主从复制是正常的，那么我们为了验证MySQL复制SQL线程是居于刚才那张图的流程，有主键，就按主键更新匹配更新记录。
那么我们在从库修改一行数据，故意制造不一致。
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> UPDATE `table_pk` SET `name`='laowang' WHERE `id`=333；Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | laowang | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
这时候主从数据不一致了
主库(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk where id=333;+-----+--------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+--------+-----+-----+| 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 |+-----+--------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)从库(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk where id=333;+-----+---------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+---------+-----+-----+| 333 | laowang | 22 | 1 |+-----+---------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
那么，我们在主库更新一行数据。
(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> UPDATE `table_pk` SET `name`='wangzi' WHERE `id`=333;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk where id=333;+-----+--------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+--------+-----+-----+| 333 | wangzi | 22 | 1 |+-----+--------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
我们来看一下从库状态，是不是主库的更新给复制过来了，见证奇迹的时候到了
###############################################
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk where id=333;+-----+---------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+---------+-----+-----+| 333 | laowang | 22 | 1 |+-----+---------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
######################### 神奇的是主库的更新过来了#############################################(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_pk where id=333;+-----+--------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+--------+-----+-----+| 333 | wangzi | 22 | 1 |+-----+--------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#########################那么看一下MySQL主从复制状态看看，也是正常的######################(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 5249 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 5461 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 5249 Relay_Log_Space: 5663 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-20 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-11,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-20 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
3.验证没有索引的情况
主库创建表和插入记录
CREATE TABLE `table_index` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `age` tinyint(4) NOT NULL, `sex` tinyint(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '0,man,1,woman' ) ENGINE=InnoDB (dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>
从库看看
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
我们在从库继续搞破坏，把name为lisi的age修改为33，这时候主从已经不一致了。
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where name='lisi';
+-----+------+-----+-----+
| id | name | age | sex |
+-----+------+-----+-----+
| 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 |
+-----+------+-----+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_index set age=33 where name='lisi';Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where name='lisi';+-----+---------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+---------+-----+-----+| 222 | lisi | 33 | 1 |+-----+---------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
那么我们还是在主库更新一下记录。把lisi的age修改成30，看看从库能不能更新过来
(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where name='lisi';+-----+------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+------+-----+-----+| 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 |+-----+------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_index set age=30 where name='lisi';Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where name='lisi';+-----+------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+------+-----+-----+| 222 | lisi | 30 | 1 |+-----+------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>
回到从库看看，数据没有更新过来，lisi的年龄还是33，这时候主从复制也是异常的,提示1032错误（找不到记录）
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where name='lisi';+-----+------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+------+-----+-----+| 222 | lisi | 33 | 1 |+-----+------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 7376 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000003 Relay_Log_Pos: 724 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: No Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 1032 Last_Error: Could not execute Update_rows event on table mytest.table_index; Can't find record in 'table_index', Error_code: 1032; Corrupted replication event was detected, Error_code: 1610; handler error HA_ERR_END_OF_FILE; the event's master log dg6-logbin.000001, end_log_pos 7345 Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 7112 Relay_Log_Space: 8090 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 1032 Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Update_rows event on table mytest.table_index; Can't find record in 'table_index', Error_code: 1032; Corrupted replication event was detected, Error_code: 1610; handler error HA_ERR_END_OF_FILE; the event's master log dg6-logbin.000001, end_log_pos 7345 Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 150425 08:30:49 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-28 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-14,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-27 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
4.验证有唯一索引情况
测试方法都一样，下面步骤我都就贴结果了。（核心思想就是，从库先修改记录，做成主从数据不一致这种情况，然后主库再更新，看看从库有没有同步主库记录）
(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index;+-----+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | sid | name | age | sex |+-----+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | 1 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | 2 | lisi | 30 | 1 || 333 | 3 | wangzi | 22 | 1 || 444 | 4 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | 5 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where sid=3;+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+| id | sid | name | age | sex |+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+| 333 | 3 | wangzi | 22 | 1 |+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_index set name='wangwu' where sid=3;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where sid=3;+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+| id | sid | name | age | sex |+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+| 333 | 3 | wangwu | 22 | 1 |+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>
从库看看，能更新过来，而且主从复制状态是正常的
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index;+-----+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | sid | name | age | sex |+-----+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | 1 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | 2 | lisi | 30 | 1 || 333 | 3 | wangzi | 22 | 1 || 444 | 4 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | 5 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 |+-----+-----+-----------+-----+-----+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_index set name='laowang' where sid=3;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where sid=3;+-----+-----+---------+-----+-----+| id | sid | name | age | sex |+-----+-----+---------+-----+-----+| 333 | 3 | laowang | 22 | 1 |+-----+-----+---------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 13038 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000005 Relay_Log_Pos: 5841 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 13038 Relay_Log_Space: 6615 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-52 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-26,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-52 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_index where sid=3;+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+| id | sid | name | age | sex |+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+| 333 | 3 | wangwu | 22 | 1 |+-----+-----+--------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 13302 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000005 Relay_Log_Pos: 6105 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 13302 Relay_Log_Space: 6879 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-53 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-26,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-53 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
5.验证有主键和有普通索引情况
(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_key set name='zhangsir' where age=20;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsir | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>
从库看看
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> desc update table_key set name='xiaozhang' where age=20;+----+-------------+-----------+-------+---------------+-----------+---------+-------+------+-------------+| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra |+----+-------------+-----------+-------+---------------+-----------+---------+-------+------+-------------+| 1 | SIMPLE | table_key | range | age_index | age_index | 1 | const | 1 | Using where |+----+-------------+-----------+-------+---------------+-----------+---------+-------+------+-------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_key set name='xiaozhang' where age=20;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | xiaozhang | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsir | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 16026 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000005 Relay_Log_Pos: 8829 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 16026 Relay_Log_Space: 9603 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-63 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-28,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-63 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
6.验证只有普通索引情况
主库
CREATE TABLE `table_index` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
`age` tinyint(4) NOT NULL,
`sex` tinyint(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '0,man,1,woman',
key age_index (`age`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB
(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsir | 20 | 0 |+-----+----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>update table_key set name='zhaoliu' where age=20;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg6)root@localhost [mytest]>select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+---------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+---------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhaoliu | 20 | 0 |+-----+---------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从库
(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsir | 20 | 0 |+-----+----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> update table_key set name='zhangsan' where age=20;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 |+-----+----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 |+-----+----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
##########################提示1032错误，找不到记录(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.106 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 16463 Relay_Log_File: dg7-relay-bin.000005 Relay_Log_Pos: 8993 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg6-logbin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: No Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: mysql Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 1032 Last_Error: Could not execute Update_rows event on table mytest.table_key; Can't find record in 'table_key', Error_code: 1032; Column 'name' cannot be null, Error_code: 1048; Column 'age' cannot be null, Error_code: 1048; Column 'sex' cannot be null, Error_code: 1048; handler error HA_ERR_END_OF_FILE; the event's master log dg6-logbin.000001, end_log_pos 16432 Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 16190 Relay_Log_Space: 10040 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 1032 Last_SQL_Error: Could not execute Update_rows event on table mytest.table_key; Can't find record in 'table_key', Error_code: 1032; Column 'name' cannot be null, Error_code: 1048; Column 'age' cannot be null, Error_code: 1048; Column 'sex' cannot be null, Error_code: 1048; handler error HA_ERR_END_OF_FILE; the event's master log dg6-logbin.000001, end_log_pos 16432 Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887 Master_Info_File: /data/mydata/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 150425 09:43:27 Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-65 Executed_Gtid_Set: a9926b45-975d-11e4-a339-000c29b24888:1-29,b888e1ea-9739-11e4-a24e-000c29b24887:1-64 Auto_Position: 11 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg7)root@localhost [mytest]>
7.binlog格式是sbr,mbr格式的时候（PS，因为我使用了GTID，所以找了另外两台机测试）
主库
(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> show global variables like '%binlog_format%';+---------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+---------------+-------+| binlog_format | MIXED |+---------------+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 || 222 | lisi | 22 | 1 || 333 | wangwu | 22 | 1 || 444 | lilei | 32 | 0 || 555 | hanmeimei | 30 | 1 || 666 | lucy | 30 | 1 || 777 | lili | 30 | 1 || 888 | lintao | 32 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+8 rows in set (0.00 sec)(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> update table_key set name='zhangzong' where age=20;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
从库看一下
(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsan | 20 | 0 |+-----+----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.01 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> update table_key set name='zhangsir' where age=20;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangsir | 20 | 0 |+-----+----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=20;+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+| 111 | zhangzong | 20 | 0 |+-----+-----------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.101 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3307 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg1.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3340 Relay_Log_File: mysql3307-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 3355 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg1.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3340 Relay_Log_Space: 3532 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 12 Master_UUID: fbc1bdf1-829b-11e4-9bdf-000c29b24882 Master_Info_File: /data/3307/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]>
删除索引，再测试一下
(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> alter table table_key drop key age_index;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> insert into table_key (id,name,age,sex) values(999,'user1',0);ERROR 1136 (21S01): Column count doesn't match value count at row 1(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> insert into table_key (id,name,age,sex) values(999,'user1',38,0);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=38;+-----+-------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-------+-----+-----+| 999 | user1 | 38 | 0 |+-----+-------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> update table_key set name='user3' where age=38;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg1)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]>
从库看一下
(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> show create table table_key;+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Table | Create Table |+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| table_key | CREATE TABLE `table_key` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL, `age` tinyint(4) NOT NULL, `sex` tinyint(4) NOT NULL COMMENT '0,man,1,woman') ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |+-----------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=38;+-----+-------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-------+-----+-----+| 999 | user1 | 38 | 0 |+-----+-------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> update table_key set name='user2' where age=38;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=38;+-----+-------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-------+-----+-----+| 999 | user2 | 38 | 0 |+-----+-------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> select * from table_key where age=38;+-----+-------+-----+-----+| id | name | age | sex |+-----+-------+-----+-----+| 999 | user3 | 38 | 0 |+-----+-------+-----+-----+1 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.80.101 Master_User: repl Master_Port: 3307 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: dg1.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 3952 Relay_Log_File: mysql3307-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 3967 Relay_Master_Log_File: dg1.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 3952 Relay_Log_Space: 4144 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 12 Master_UUID: fbc1bdf1-829b-11e4-9bdf-000c29b24882 Master_Info_File: /data/3307/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)(dg2)root@127.0.0.1 [mytest]>
总结：
1、SQL线程应用中继日志，在binlog_format是row格式的时候，确实是居于主键更新（Innodb表，如果没有显示指定主键，如果没有显式定义主键，则InnoDB会选择第一个不包含有NULL值的唯一索引作为主键索引），所以这张图是binlog_format=ROW格式是基本正确的。
2、使用自增列(INT/BIGINT类型)做主键，这样数据分布基本是有序的与B+数叶子节点分裂顺序一致，性能相对比较好；
3、形象的证明了RBR模式下，在有主键和唯一键的情况下MySQL复制SQL线程在应用中继日志的时候，锁范围比语句模式要少
参考资料 ：SBR RBR两种模式的优缺点
SBR和RBR两种模式各自的优缺点： SBR 的优点：
- 历史悠久，技术成熟。
- binlog文件较小。
- binlog中包含了所有数据库更改信息，可以据此来审核数据库的安全等情况。
- binlog可以用于实时的还原，而不仅仅用于复制。
- 主从版本可以不一样，从服务器版本可以比主服务器版本高。
SBR 的缺点：
- 不是所有的UPDATE语句都能被复制，尤其是包含不确定操作的时候。
- 调用具有不确定因素的 UDF 时复制也可能出问题
- 使用以下函数的语句也无法被复制： * LOAD_FILE() * UUID() * USER() * FOUND_ROWS() * SYSDATE() (除非启动时启用了 --sysdate-is-now 选项)
- INSERT ... SELECT 会产生比 RBR 更多的行级锁
- 复制需要进行全表扫描(WHERE 语句中没有使用到索引)的 UPDATE 时，需要比 RBR 请求更多的行级锁
- 对于有 AUTO_INCREMENT 字段的 InnoDB表而言，INSERT 语句会阻塞其他 INSERT 语句
- 对于一些复杂的语句，在从服务器上的耗资源情况会更严重，而 RBR 模式下，只会对那个发生变化的记录产生影响
- 存储函数(不是存储过程)在被调用的同时也会执行一次 NOW() 函数，这个可以说是坏事也可能是好事
- 确定了的 UDF 也需要在从服务器上执行
- 数据表必须几乎和主服务器保持一致才行，否则可能会导致复制出错
- 执行复杂语句如果出错的话，会消耗更多资源
RBR 的优点：
- 任何情况都可以被复制，这对复制来说是最安全可靠的
- 和其他大多数数据库系统的复制技术一样
- 多数情况下，从服务器上的表如果有主键的话，复制就会快了很多
- 复制以下几种语句时的行锁更少： * INSERT ... SELECT * 包含 AUTO_INCREMENT 字段的 INSERT * 没有附带条件或者并没有修改很多记录的 UPDATE 或 DELETE 语句
- 执行 INSERT，UPDATE，DELETE 语句时锁更少
- 从服务器上采用多线程来执行复制成为可能
RBR 的缺点：
- binlog 大了很多
- 复杂的回滚时 binlog 中会包含大量的数据
- 主服务器上执行 UPDATE 语句时，所有发生变化的记录都会写到 binlog 中，而 SBR 只会写一次，这会导致频繁发生 binlog 的并发写问题
- UDF 产生的大 BLOB 值会导致复制变慢
- 无法从 binlog 中看到都复制了写什么语句
- 当在非事务表上执行一段堆积的SQL语句时，最好采用 SBR 模式，否则很容易导致主从服务器的数据不一致情况发生
另外，针对系统库 mysql 里面的表发生变化时的处理规则如下：
- 如果是采用 INSERT，UPDATE，DELETE 直接操作表的情况，则日志格式根据 binlog_format 的设定而记录
- 如果是采用 GRANT，REVOKE，SET PASSWORD 等管理语句来做的话，那么无论如何都采用 SBR 模式记录
注：采用 RBR 模式后，能解决很多原先出现的主键重复问题。
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