CocoaPods的安装步骤

一、什么是CocoaPods

 CocoaPods是iOS项目的依赖管理工具，该项目源码在Github上管理。开发iOS项目不可避免地要使用第三方开源库，CocoaPods的出现使得我们可以节省设置和第三方开源库的时间。

在使用CocoaPods之前，开发项目需要用到第三方开源库的时候，我们需要
1.把开源库的源代码复制到项目中
2.添加一些依赖框架和动态库
3.设置-ObjC，-fno-objc-arc等参数
4.管理他们的更新
在使用CocoaPods后，我们只需要把用到的开源库放到一个名为Podfile的文件中，然后执行pod install.Cocoapods就会自动将这些第三方开源库的源码下载下来，并且为我们的工程设置好响应的系统依赖和编译参数。

二、CocoaPods的原理

CocoaPods的原理是将所有的依赖库都放到另一个名为Pods的项目中，然后让主项目依赖Pods项目，这样，源码管理工作都从主项目移到了Pods项目中。Pods项目最终会编译成一个名为libPods.a的文件，主项目只需要依赖这个.a文件即可。

三、CocoaPods的安装

CocoaPods可以方便地通过Mac自带的RubyGems安装。
打开Terminal，然后键入以下命令：（当出现-bash: pod: command not found提示时，需要重新安装CocoaPod）

sudo gem install cocoa pods    或 (sudo gem install -n/usr/local/bin cocoapods)

安装成功信息如下：

Successfully installed cocoapods-0.39.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-0.39.0

1 gem installed

Updating local specs repositories

CocoaPods 1.0.0.beta.8 is available.

To update use: `gem install cocoapods --pre`

[!] This is a test version we'd love you to try.

For more information see http://blog.cocoapods.org

and the CHANGELOG for this version http://git.io/BaH8pQ.

Analyzing dependencies

Downloading dependencies

Installing AFNetworking (3.0.4)

Generating Pods project

Integrating client project

[!] Please close any current Xcode sessions and use `XuHuiLifeCloud.xcworkspace` for this project from now on.

Sending stats

Pod installation complete! There is 1 dependency from the Podfile and 1 total

pod installed.

执行完这句如果报告以下错误：
ERROR: Could not find a valid gem 'cocoapods' (>= 0), here is why:
Unable to download data from https://rubygems.org/ - Errno::ETIMEDOUT: Operation timed out - connect(2) (https://rubygems.org/latest_specs.4.8.gz)
ERROR: Possible alternatives: cocoapods

或

ERROR:  Could not find a valid gem 'cocoapods​' (>= 0) in any repository

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ sudo gem install cocoapods

这是因为ruby的软件源rubygems.org因为使用亚马逊的云服务，被我天朝屏蔽了，需要更新一下ruby的源，过程如下：

步骤1：

在终端分别执行以下命令
gem sources -l (查看当前ruby的源)
gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/    (或 sudo gem sources -r https://rubygems.org/ )

gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/   （或  sudo gem sources -a http://ruby.taobao.org/  ）

gem sources -l

步骤2：

如果gem太老，可以尝试用如下命令升级gem，否则跳过该步骤2，可以先执行步骤3

sudo gem update --system

升级成功后会提示: RubyGems system software updated

步骤4：

 然后重新执行安装下载命令
sudo gem install cocoapods
这时候应该没什么问题了

步骤5：

 接下来进行安装，执行：

pod setup

Terminal会停留在 Setting up CocoaPods master repo 这个状态一段时间,是因为要进行下载安装,而且目录比较大,需要耐心等待一下.如果想加快速度,可使用cocoapods的镜像索引.（文章末尾附使用镜像索引的方法）
安装成功后,你会看到:

CocoaPods 1.0.0.beta.6 is available.

To update use: `gem install cocoapods --pre`

[!] This is a test version we'd love you to try.

For more information see http://blog.cocoapods.org

and the CHANGELOG for this version http://git.io/BaH8pQ.

Setup completed

四、CocoaPods在终端的安装过程信息

步骤1：

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ gem sources -l

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

 

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/

source https://rubygems.org/ not present in cache

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ gem sources -a https://ruby.taobao.org/

https://ruby.taobao.org/ added to sources

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ gem sources -l

*** CURRENT SOURCES ***

https://ruby.taobao.org/

步骤3：

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ sudo gem install cocoapods

Password:在此输入密码，按回车

Fetching: i18n-0.7.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed i18n-0.7.0

Fetching: thread_safe-0.3.5.gem (100%)

Successfully installed thread_safe-0.3.5

Fetching: tzinfo-1.2.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed tzinfo-1.2.2

Fetching: minitest-5.8.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed minitest-5.8.4

Fetching: activesupport-4.2.6.gem (100%)

Successfully installed activesupport-4.2.6

Fetching: nap-1.1.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed nap-1.1.0

Fetching: fuzzy_match-2.0.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed fuzzy_match-2.0.4

Fetching: cocoapods-core-0.39.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-core-0.39.0

Fetching: claide-0.9.1.gem (100%)

Successfully installed claide-0.9.1

Fetching: colored-1.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed colored-1.2

Fetching: xcodeproj-0.28.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed xcodeproj-0.28.2

Fetching: cocoapods-downloader-0.9.3.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-downloader-0.9.3

Fetching: cocoapods-plugins-0.4.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-plugins-0.4.2

Fetching: cocoapods-search-0.1.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-search-0.1.0

Fetching: cocoapods-stats-0.6.2.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-stats-0.6.2

Fetching: cocoapods-try-0.5.1.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-try-0.5.1

Fetching: netrc-0.7.8.gem (100%)

Successfully installed netrc-0.7.8

Fetching: cocoapods-trunk-0.6.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-trunk-0.6.4

Fetching: molinillo-0.4.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed molinillo-0.4.4

Fetching: escape-0.0.4.gem (100%)

Successfully installed escape-0.0.4

Fetching: cocoapods-0.39.0.gem (100%)

Successfully installed cocoapods-0.39.0

Parsing documentation for i18n-0.7.0

Installing ri documentation for i18n-0.7.0

Parsing documentation for thread_safe-0.3.5

Installing ri documentation for thread_safe-0.3.5

Parsing documentation for tzinfo-1.2.2

Installing ri documentation for tzinfo-1.2.2

Parsing documentation for minitest-5.8.4

Installing ri documentation for minitest-5.8.4

Parsing documentation for activesupport-4.2.6

unable to convert "\x84" from ASCII-8BIT to UTF-8 for lib/active_support/values/unicode_tables.dat, skipping

Installing ri documentation for activesupport-4.2.6

Parsing documentation for nap-1.1.0

Installing ri documentation for nap-1.1.0

Parsing documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4

Installing ri documentation for fuzzy_match-2.0.4

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-core-0.39.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-core-0.39.0

Parsing documentation for claide-0.9.1

Installing ri documentation for claide-0.9.1

Parsing documentation for colored-1.2

Installing ri documentation for colored-1.2

Parsing documentation for xcodeproj-0.28.2

Installing ri documentation for xcodeproj-0.28.2

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-downloader-0.9.3

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-downloader-0.9.3

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-plugins-0.4.2

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-plugins-0.4.2

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-search-0.1.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-search-0.1.0

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-stats-0.6.2

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-stats-0.6.2

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-try-0.5.1

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-try-0.5.1

Parsing documentation for netrc-0.7.8

Installing ri documentation for netrc-0.7.8

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-trunk-0.6.4

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-trunk-0.6.4

Parsing documentation for molinillo-0.4.4

Installing ri documentation for molinillo-0.4.4

Parsing documentation for escape-0.0.4

Installing ri documentation for escape-0.0.4

Parsing documentation for cocoapods-0.39.0

Installing ri documentation for cocoapods-0.39.0

21 gems installed

步骤4：

12306deMac-mini:~ a123456$ pod setup

Setting up CocoaPods master repo

CocoaPods 1.0.0.beta.6 is available.

To update use: `gem install cocoapods --pre`

[!] This is a test version we'd love you to try.

For more information see http://blog.cocoapods.org

and the CHANGELOG for this version http://git.io/BaH8pQ.

Setup completed