Python核心编程 第七章练习

7_3

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8if __name__ == "__main__":    dct = dict(zip(["emxample", "port"], ['7_3', 80]))    sorted_dct = sorted(dct)    print sorted_dct    print "the sorted keys and values are: "    for i in sorted(dct):        print "the key %s is %s" %(i, dct[i])

7_4

这道题无非就是考察一下zip函数的使用，越发觉得python的zip函数功能强大了

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8lst1 = range(1, 4)lst2 = ['abc', 'def', 'ghi']print "list1 is %s, list 2 is %s" %(lst1, lst2)dct = dict(zip(lst1, lst2))print "the dict is %s" %dct

7_5

这个地方我花了比较久的时间，因为需要摸一边Tkinter的功能，我博主是第一次在python上接触GUI的操作，想想还有点小激动呢。
Tkinter的教程我找到的都不算很全，google了几篇文章，基本上是教授基本功能的，本来想通过几个窗口的调用来实现这个功能，后来发觉这个地方用力过猛，反而不是正道，于是就用窗口加命令行的方式暂且实现了这个题目的要求（为了找理由我也是蛮拼）。关于Tkinter的介绍我参考的是廖雪峰的python教程。链接： http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/001374738125095c955c1e6d8bb493182103fac9270762a000/0013868326118089581a091a04e4c30b2b7896392bdde5c000

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8import datetime, crypt, tkMessageBox, stringfrom Tkinter import *db = {}def newuser(name, pwd):    prompt = 'login desired: '    availableChar = string.lowercase + string.uppercase    while True:        bNotAvail = False        if name in db:            prompt = 'name taken, try another: '            continue        for i in name:            if i not in availableChar:                prompt = 'name not available, try another: '                bNotAvail = True                break        if bNotAvail:            continue        break    tme = datetime.datetime.now()    cryptpwd = crypt.crypt(pwd, name)    db[name] = [cryptpwd, tme]def olduser(name, pwd):    lst = db.get(name)    if lst:        passwd = lst[0]        timeOflst = lst[1]        tme = datetime.datetime.now()        cryptpwd = crypt.crypt(pwd, name)        if passwd == cryptpwd:            print 'welcome back', name            timedelta = tme - timeOflst            if timedelta.total_seconds()/3600 < 4:                print "You already logged in at: %s" %tme.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %X")            lst[1] = tme            return    print 'login incorrect'def loginuser():    name = raw_input('login: ')    pwd = raw_input('passwd: ')    if name not in db:        isNew = raw_input("Are you a new user:(Y/N) ").split()[0].lower()        if isNew == 'y':            newuser(name, pwd)    olduser(name, pwd)def showuser():    print "the list of user : password is: "    for i in db:        print "%s : %s" %(i, db[i])def deleteuser():    user = raw_input("input a user to delete: ")    if user in db:        del db[user]    else:        print "the user doesn't exist!"class Application(Frame):    def __init__(self, master = None):        self.master = Tk()        self.master.title('Login System')        self.master.geometry('400x200')        Frame.__init__(self, master)        self.pack()        self.createWidgets()    def createWidgets(self):        self.signButton = Button(self, text = 'User Login',                                 command = loginuser)        self.signButton.pack()        self.showButton = Button(self, text = 'Show all users',                                 command = showuser)        self.showButton.pack()        self.deleteButton = Button(self, text = 'Detete user',                                 command = deleteuser)        self.deleteButton.pack()        self.quitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',                                 command = self.quit)        self.quitButton.pack()if __name__ == "__main__":    app = Application()    app.mainloop()

7_6

恩，刚刚学会简单的Txinter，拿出来显摆一下才不至于忘记。

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8from Tkinter import *stock = dict()def AddStock():    pr = "type the stock, share, purchase price, current price: \n"    messagelst = raw_input(pr).strip().split()    stockName = messagelst[0]    del messagelst[0]    stock[stockName] = messagelstdef ShowStock():    sortedkey = sorted(stock)    for i in sortedkey:        print i, ' : ', stock[i]class Application(Frame):    def __init__(self, master = None):        self.master = Tk()        self.master.title('Stock System')        self.master.geometry('400x200')        Frame.__init__(self, master)        self.pack()        self.createWidgets()    def createWidgets(self):        self.addBtn = Button(self, text = "Add stock",                             command = AddStock)        self.showBtn = Button(self, text = "Show stock",                              command = ShowStock)        self.quitBtn = Button(self, text = "Quit",                              command = self.quit)        self.addBtn.pack()        self.showBtn.pack()        self.quitBtn.pack()if __name__ == '__main__':    app = Application()    app = mainloop()

7_7

用zip就是这么自信。

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8if __name__ == "__main__":    dct1 = dict(([1, 10], [2, 20], [3, 30], [4, 40], [5, 50], [6, 60]))    print dct1    dct2 = dict(zip(dct1.values(), dct1.keys()))    print dct2

7_8

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8from Tkinter import *personnel = dict()class Application(Frame):    def __init__(self, master = None):        self.master = Tk()        self.master.title('Personnel')        self.master.geometry('400x300')        Frame.__init__(self, master)        self.pack()        self.createWidgets()    def createWidgets(self):        self.InputButton = Button(self, text = 'Input information',                                  command = inputInfo)        self.OutputButton = Button(self, text = 'Output information',                                   command = outputInfo)        self.quitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',                                 command = self.quit)        self.InputButton.pack()        self.OutputButton.pack()        self.quitButton.pack()def inputInfo():    strInfo = raw_input('Please input information Number,Name: ')    lstInfo = strInfo.strip().split(',')    personnel[lstInfo[0]] = lstInfo[1]def outputInfo():    pr = '''(I)D(N)ame(Q)uitPlease select the order you use: '''    while True:        try:            choice = raw_input(pr).strip()[0].lower()        except(EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):            choice = 'q'        print "\nYou picked: [%s]" %choice        if choice not in 'inq':            print "Please choose the right choice"            continue        break    if choice == 'q':        return    if choice == 'i':        for i in sorted(personnel):            print i, '  ', personnel[i]    else:        x = personnel.keys()        y = personnel.values()        personnel1 = dict(zip(y,x))        for i in sorted(personnel1):            print i, ' ', personnel1[i]if __name__ == "__main__":    app = Application()    app.mainloop()

7_9

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8def tr(srcstr, dststr, string):    #we use the low_string to find all kinds of srcstr(capital or not)    len_string = min(len(srcstr), len(dststr))    print "The original src is", srcstr    srcstr = srcstr[:len_string]    dststr = dststr[:len_string]    print "after src is: ", srcstr    low_string = string.lower()    #we use list 'cause list is hashable    lst_string = list(string)    low_srcstr = srcstr.lower()    #encode_dct stored 2 types of code     encode_dct = dict(([srcstr.lower(), dststr.lower()],                     [srcstr.upper(), dststr.upper()]))    index = 0    #len_string is the length of the minimum srcstr and dststr    #also it's the length of the dict    while True:        index = low_string.find(low_srcstr, index)        if index is -1:            break        for i in range(len_string):            if lst_string[index+i] == srcstr.lower()[i]:                lst_string[index+i] = dststr.lower()[i]            else:                lst_string[index+i] = dststr.upper()[i]        #update the low_string        low_string = low_string.replace(srcstr.lower(),                                        dststr.upper(), 1)    return ('').join(lst_string)if __name__ == '__main__':    ori_string = 'abckedabcdefa'    print 'the original string is %s' %ori_string    deststring = tr('abcde', 'mnf', ori_string)    print 'the destination string is %s' %deststring

7_10

#!/usr/bin/env python# encoding: utf-8import stringdef rot13(strToEncode):    availChr = string.lowercase +string.uppercase    lstToEncode = list(strToEncode)    for i in range(len(lstToEncode)):        if strToEncode[i] in string.lowercase:            iOrd = ord(lstToEncode[i]) - ord('a')            iOrd = (iOrd+13)%26 + ord('a')            lstToEncode[i] = chr(iOrd)        elif strToEncode[i] in string.uppercase:            iOrd = ord(lstToEncode[i]) - ord('A')            iOrd = (iOrd+13)%26 + ord('A')            lstToEncode[i] = chr(iOrd)    strEncoded = ('').join(lstToEncode)    print strEncoded    return strEncodedrot13('I am Trying to wirte a code')

7_13

在这期间重装了无数回Ubuntu，因为旧的系统用的是windows和Ubuntu一起用，当时是用wubi.exe进行安装的，只能分出30G，我整来整去，把30G的内存弄得快要塞满了。心想，自己也不怎么用windows了，干脆弄了纯Ubuntu的吧，没想到弄了这么久。
安装好之后，运行这个程序，竟然显示没有Tkinter的库，明明说好的是python自带的呀？于是查了一下，重新安装Tkinter之后，成功运行。在此之外，还查到Tkinter在python3中改名为tkinter。穿了马甲python就可能不认识它了，所以import时，最好加上一个异常处理。

#!/usr/bin/env python# coding: utf-8try:    from Tkinter import *except ImportError:    #for python3    from tkinter import *import randomclass Application(Frame):    def __init__(self, master = None):        self.master = Tk()        self.master.title('RandomNumber')        self.master.geometry('400x300')        Frame.__init__(self, master)        self.pack()        self.createWidgets()    def createWidgets(self):        self.AddButton = Button(self, text = 'Click to add numbers',                                  command = AddNumber)        self.QuitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',                                 command = self.quit)        self.AddButton.pack()        self.QuitButton.pack()A = set()B = set()def AddNumber():    a = random.randrange(0, 10)    b = random.randrange(0, 10)    A.add(a)    B.add(b)    print 'A is: ', A    print 'B is: ', B    print 'A|B is: ', A|B    print 'A&B is: ', A&Bif __name__ == '__main__':    app = Application()    app.mainloop()

7_14

#!/usr/bin/env python# coding: utf-8#!/usr/bin/env python# coding: utf-8try:    from Tkinter import *except ImportError:    #for python3    from tkinter import *import randomclass Application(Frame):    def __init__(self, master = None):        self.master = Tk()        self.master.title('RandomNumber')        self.master.geometry('400x300')        Frame.__init__(self, master)        self.pack()        self.createWidgets()    def createWidgets(self):        self.AddButton = Button(self, text = 'Click to add numbers',                                  command = AddNumber)        self.CertifyButton = Button(self, text = 'Test the result',                                    command = TestNumber)        self.QuitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',                                 command = self.quit)        self.AddButton.pack()        self.CertifyButton.pack()        self.QuitButton.pack()A = set()B = set()def AddNumber():    a = random.randrange(0, 10)    b = random.randrange(0, 10)    A.add(a)    B.add(b)    print 'A is: ', A    print 'B is: ', Bdef TestNumber():    for i in range(3):        AandB = raw_input("Please input A&B: ")        AorB = raw_input("Please input A|B: ")        lstAandB = AandB.split()        lstNumAandB = [int(i) for i in lstAandB]        setAandB = set(lstNumAandB)        lstAorB = AorB.split()        lstNumAorB = [int(i) for i in lstAorB]        setAorB = set(lstNumAorB)        if(setAandB == A&B and setAorB == A|B):            print 'The answer is right!'        else:            print 'The answer is wrong! Please reanswer again.'if __name__ == '__main__':    app = Application()    app.mainloop()

7_16

这道题目没找到思路，等学到后面，会了之后，回头来做。