python email模块的使用实例

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在使用python过程中，需要用的email模块来进行邮件的发送和接收，包含自定义邮件的中文、主题、日期、附件等信息，以下是我使用email模块来发送一个测试报告相关信息的邮件的例子：

#!/usr/bin/python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-'''@author:freesigefeiCreated on 2016年3月20日Updated on 2016年5月4日'''#------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.header import Headerimport os,time,redef send_Test_email(mail_to):    '''本模块实现获取最新的测试报告html文件，读取部分报告内容作为邮件正文，将报告作为附件，并发送到指定的邮箱，        参数mail_to代表的是接收邮箱，例如:'xxx@126.com' '''        #发送邮箱    mail_from = 'yyy@sina.com'    #发送邮件主题    mail_subject = 'Automation Test Report'    #发送邮箱服务器    mail_smtpserver = 'smtp.sina.com'    #发送邮箱用户/密码    mail_username = 'yyy@sina.com'    mail_password = 'yyyyyy'    #定义邮件内容，中文需参数‘utf-8’，单字节字符不需要    '''    #发送文件形式的邮件    msg = MIMEText('你好!','text','utf-8')    '''    '''    #发送html形式以正常文本显示在邮件内容中的邮件    msg = MIMEText('<html><h1>你好！</h1></html>','html','utf-8')    '''    '''    #读取html文件内容并发送    f=open(file_new,'rb')    mail_body=f.read()    f.close()    print mail_body    msg=MIMEText(mail_body,_subtype='html',_charset='utf-8')    '''        #创建一个带附件的邮件实例（内容）    msg = MIMEMultipart()    #找到report目录下最新生成的报告文件供后续使用    result_dir = 'D:\\report'    lists=os.listdir(result_dir)    lists.sort(key=lambda fn: os.path.getmtime(result_dir+"\\"+fn) if not               os.path.isdir(result_dir+"\\"+fn) else 0)    print (u'The Latest Test Report is: '+lists[-1])    file_new = os.path.join(result_dir,lists[-1])    #读取最新的测试报告文件获取部分信息来定义邮件的内容    Regex_Theme=re.compile(r'Automation Test Report')    Regex_Content=re.compile(r'<strong>(.*:)</strong>(.*)<')    Report_File=open(file_new,'r')    Mail_Content=[]    for line in Report_File.readlines():        if '<title>Automation Test Report</title>' in line or "<p class='attribute'>" in line:            i=Regex_Theme.findall(line)            j=Regex_Content.findall(line)            if i != []:                Mail_Content.append(i)            if j != []:                Mail_Content.append(j)    Report_File.close()    #将读取到的测试报告的数据以html形式显示为邮件的中文    msgTest=MIMEText('''<html><h1>Test completed,Test results are as follows:</h1></html>'''                     '''<hr />'''                     '''<p><strong>'''+Mail_Content[0][0]+'''</strong></p>'''                     '''<p><strong>'''+Mail_Content[1][0][0]+'''</strong>'''+Mail_Content[1][0][1]+'''</p>'''                     '''<p><strong>'''+Mail_Content[2][0][0]+'''</strong>'''+Mail_Content[2][0][1]+'''</p>'''                     '''<p><strong>'''+Mail_Content[3][0][0]+'''</strong>'''+Mail_Content[3][0][1]+'''</p>'''                     '''<hr />'''                     '''<p>PS: Detailed test results please refer to the attachment</p>'''                     ,'html','utf-8')    msg.attach(msgTest)    #定义邮件的附件    att1 = MIMEText(open(file_new, 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')    att1["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'    att1["Content-Disposition"] ='attachment; filename="Automation test report.html"'#这里的filename指的是附件的名称及类型    msg.attach(att1)    #将邮件的主题等相关信息添加到邮件实例    msg['Subject'] = Header(mail_subject)    msg['From'] = mail_from    msg['To'] = mail_to    msg['date']=time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z')     #创建发送服务器实例并将发送服务器添加到实例中    smtp = smtplib.SMTP()    smtp.connect(mail_smtpserver)    '''    #采用ssl加密传输    smtp.ehlo()    smtp.starttls()    smtp.ehlo()    '''    '''    #打印交互的日志信息    #smtp.set_debuglevel(1)    '''    #登录发送邮件服务器并进行邮件的发送    smtp.login(mail_username, mail_password)    smtp.sendmail(mail_from, mail_to, msg.as_string())    print u'Test report sent successfully，Please go to the following email to check the test report :%s' %mail_to    smtp.quit()    #----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------if __name__ == "__main__":    send_Test_email('xxx@126.com')

当然，如果要使用email模块的其他功能，可以参考网上的以下7个列子：

一，文件形式的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.header import Headersender = '***'receiver = '***'subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***'msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需参数‘utf-8'，单字节字符不需要msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())smtp.quit()

二、html形式的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextsender = '***'receiver = '***'subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***'msg = MIMEText('</pre><h1>你好</h1><pre>','html','utf-8') msg['Subject'] = subject smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())smtp.quit()

三、带图片的html邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.mime.image import MIMEImage sender = '***'receiver = '***'subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***' msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message' msgText = MIMEText('<b>Some <i>HTML</i> text</b> and an image.<img alt="" src="cid:image1" />good!','html','utf-8')msgRoot.attach(msgText) fp = open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb')msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())fp.close() msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '')msgRoot.attach(msgImage) smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())smtp.quit()

四、带附件的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.mime.image import MIMEImage sender = '***'receiver = '***'subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***' msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message' #构造附件att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'msgRoot.attach(att) smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())smtp.quit()

五、群邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMEText sender = '***'receiver = ['***','****',……]subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***' msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8') msg['Subject'] = subject smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())smtp.quit()

六、包含各种元素的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.mime.image import MIMEImage sender = '***'receiver = '***'subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***' # Create message container - the correct MIME type is multipart/alternative.msg = MIMEMultipart('alternative')msg['Subject'] = "Link" # Create the body of the message (a plain-text and an HTML version).text = "Hi!\nHow are you?\nHere is the link you wanted:\nhttp://www.python.org"html = """\ Hi!       How are you?       Here is the <a href="http://www.python.org">link</a> you wanted. """ # Record the MIME types of both parts - text/plain and text/html.part1 = MIMEText(text, 'plain')part2 = MIMEText(html, 'html') # Attach parts into message container.# According to RFC 2046, the last part of a multipart message, in this case# the HTML message, is best and preferred.msg.attach(part1)msg.attach(part2)#构造附件att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'msg.attach(att) smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())smtp.quit()

7、基于ssl的邮件

#!/usr/bin/env python3#coding: utf-8import smtplibfrom email.mime.text import MIMETextfrom email.header import Headersender = '***'receiver = '***'subject = 'python email test'smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'username = '***'password = '***' msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需参数‘utf-8'，单字节字符不需要msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') smtp = smtplib.SMTP()smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')smtp.ehlo()smtp.starttls()smtp.ehlo()smtp.set_debuglevel(1)smtp.login(username, password)smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())smtp.quit()

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