STL学习——hash_set/hash_map/hash_multiset/hash_multimap篇
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STL学习_hash_set/hash_map/hash_multiset/hash_multimap篇
hash_set与hash_multiset
简介
hash_set是以hashtable为底层机制实现的。故对hash_set的各种操作可以转调用hashtable来实现。
hash_set与set的不同：1）hash_set的底层机制是hashtable，而set的底层机制是RB-tree；2）set的元素能够自动排序，而hash_set的元素没有排序功能。hash_set中键值就是实值，实值就是键值。
hash_multiset的与hash_set有很大的相同性，其唯一差别就是hash_multiset中的元素可以重复。hash_set中的插入函数使用的是hashtable中的insert_unique()，而hash_multiset中的插入函数使用的是hashtable中的insert_equal()。
源码分析
// hash_set类定义class hash_set{ // requirements: __STL_CLASS_REQUIRES(_Value, _Assignable); __STL_CLASS_UNARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_HashFcn, size_t, _Value); __STL_CLASS_BINARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_EqualKey, bool, _Value, _Value);private: typedef hashtable<_Value, _Value, _HashFcn, _Identity<_Value>, _EqualKey, _Alloc> _Ht; _Ht _M_ht; // 底层机制为hashtable完成public: typedef typename _Ht::key_type key_type; typedef typename _Ht::value_type value_type; typedef typename _Ht::hasher hasher; typedef typename _Ht::key_equal key_equal; typedef typename _Ht::size_type size_type; typedef typename _Ht::difference_type difference_type; typedef typename _Ht::const_pointer pointer; typedef typename _Ht::const_pointer const_pointer; typedef typename _Ht::const_reference reference; typedef typename _Ht::const_reference const_reference; typedef typename _Ht::const_iterator iterator; typedef typename _Ht::const_iterator const_iterator; typedef typename _Ht::allocator_type allocator_type; hasher hash_funct() const { return _M_ht.hash_funct(); } key_equal key_eq() const { return _M_ht.key_eq(); } allocator_type get_allocator() const { return _M_ht.get_allocator(); }public: // 缺省使用大小为100的表格。将被hash table调整为最接近且较大之质数 hash_set() : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} explicit hash_set(size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_set(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_set(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) {}#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> hash_set(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_set(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_set(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_set(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); }#else // 以下，插入操作全部使用insert_unique()，不允许键值重复 hash_set(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_set(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */public: // 所有操作几乎都是hash table对应版本。传递调用就行 size_type size() const { return _M_ht.size(); } size_type max_size() const { return _M_ht.max_size(); } bool empty() const { return _M_ht.empty(); } void swap(hash_set& __hs) { _M_ht.swap(__hs._M_ht); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _Val, class _HF, class _EqK, class _Al> friend bool operator== (const hash_set<_Val, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&, const hash_set<_Val, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&);#else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ friend bool __STD_QUALIFIER operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const hash_set&, const hash_set&);#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ iterator begin() const { return _M_ht.begin(); } iterator end() const { return _M_ht.end(); }public: pair<iterator, bool> insert(const value_type& __obj) { pair<typename _Ht::iterator, bool> __p = _M_ht.insert_unique(__obj); return pair<iterator,bool>(__p.first, __p.second); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> void insert(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f,__l); }#else void insert(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f,__l); } void insert(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) {_M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ pair<iterator, bool> insert_noresize(const value_type& __obj) { pair<typename _Ht::iterator, bool> __p = _M_ht.insert_unique_noresize(__obj); return pair<iterator, bool>(__p.first, __p.second); } iterator find(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.find(__key); } size_type count(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.count(__key); } pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.equal_range(__key); } size_type erase(const key_type& __key) {return _M_ht.erase(__key); } void erase(iterator __it) { _M_ht.erase(__it); } void erase(iterator __f, iterator __l) { _M_ht.erase(__f, __l); } void clear() { _M_ht.clear(); }public: void resize(size_type __hint) { _M_ht.resize(__hint); } size_type bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.bucket_count(); } size_type max_bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.max_bucket_count(); } size_type elems_in_bucket(size_type __n) const { return _M_ht.elems_in_bucket(__n); }};template <class _Value, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator==(const hash_set<_Value,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, const hash_set<_Value,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2){ return __hs1._M_ht == __hs2._M_ht;}#ifdef __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDERtemplate <class _Value, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator!=(const hash_set<_Value,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, const hash_set<_Value,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2) { return !(__hs1 == __hs2);}template <class _Val, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline void swap(hash_set<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, hash_set<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2){ __hs1.swap(__hs2);}#endif /* __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER */template <class _Value, class _HashFcn __STL_DEPENDENT_DEFAULT_TMPL(hash<_Value>), class _EqualKey __STL_DEPENDENT_DEFAULT_TMPL(equal_to<_Value>), class _Alloc = __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(_Value) >class hash_multiset;template <class _Val, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator==(const hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, const hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2);// hash_multiset类template <class _Value, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>class hash_multiset{ // requirements: __STL_CLASS_REQUIRES(_Value, _Assignable); __STL_CLASS_UNARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_HashFcn, size_t, _Value); __STL_CLASS_BINARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_EqualKey, bool, _Value, _Value);private: typedef hashtable<_Value, _Value, _HashFcn, _Identity<_Value>, _EqualKey, _Alloc> _Ht; _Ht _M_ht; // 底层实现机制为hashtablepublic: typedef typename _Ht::key_type key_type; typedef typename _Ht::value_type value_type; typedef typename _Ht::hasher hasher; typedef typename _Ht::key_equal key_equal; typedef typename _Ht::size_type size_type; typedef typename _Ht::difference_type difference_type; typedef typename _Ht::const_pointer pointer; typedef typename _Ht::const_pointer const_pointer; typedef typename _Ht::const_reference reference; typedef typename _Ht::const_reference const_reference; typedef typename _Ht::const_iterator iterator; typedef typename _Ht::const_iterator const_iterator; typedef typename _Ht::allocator_type allocator_type; hasher hash_funct() const { return _M_ht.hash_funct(); } key_equal key_eq() const { return _M_ht.key_eq(); } allocator_type get_allocator() const { return _M_ht.get_allocator(); }public: // 缺省使用大小为100的表格。将被hash table调整为最接近且较大之质数 hash_multiset() : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} explicit hash_multiset(size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_multiset(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_multiset(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) {}#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> hash_multiset(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_multiset(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_multiset(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_multiset(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); }#else // 以下插入操作全部使用inset\_equal()，允许键值重复 hash_multiset(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multiset(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */public: // 所有操作几乎都是hash table的对应版本，传递调用即可。 size_type size() const { return _M_ht.size(); } size_type max_size() const { return _M_ht.max_size(); } bool empty() const { return _M_ht.empty(); } void swap(hash_multiset& hs) { _M_ht.swap(hs._M_ht); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _Val, class _HF, class _EqK, class _Al> friend bool operator== (const hash_multiset<_Val, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&, const hash_multiset<_Val, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&);#else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ friend bool __STD_QUALIFIER operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const hash_multiset&,const hash_multiset&);#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ iterator begin() const { return _M_ht.begin(); } iterator end() const { return _M_ht.end(); }public: iterator insert(const value_type& __obj) { return _M_ht.insert_equal(__obj); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> void insert(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f,__l); }#else void insert(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f,__l); } void insert(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ iterator insert_noresize(const value_type& __obj) { return _M_ht.insert_equal_noresize(__obj); } iterator find(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.find(__key); } size_type count(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.count(__key); } pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.equal_range(__key); } size_type erase(const key_type& __key) {return _M_ht.erase(__key); } void erase(iterator __it) { _M_ht.erase(__it); } void erase(iterator __f, iterator __l) { _M_ht.erase(__f, __l); } void clear() { _M_ht.clear(); }public: void resize(size_type __hint) { _M_ht.resize(__hint); } size_type bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.bucket_count(); } size_type max_bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.max_bucket_count(); } size_type elems_in_bucket(size_type __n) const { return _M_ht.elems_in_bucket(__n); }};template <class _Val, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator==(const hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, const hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2){ return __hs1._M_ht == __hs2._M_ht;}#ifdef __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDERtemplate <class _Val, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator!=(const hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, const hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2) { return !(__hs1 == __hs2);}template <class _Val, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>inline void swap(hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs1, hash_multiset<_Val,_HashFcn,_EqualKey,_Alloc>& __hs2) { __hs1.swap(__hs2);}#endif /* __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER */// Specialization of insert_iterator so that it will work for hash_set// and hash_multiset.#ifdef __STL_CLASS_PARTIAL_SPECIALIZATIONtemplate <class _Value, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>class insert_iterator<hash_set<_Value, _HashFcn, _EqualKey, _Alloc> > {protected: typedef hash_set<_Value, _HashFcn, _EqualKey, _Alloc> _Container; _Container* container;public: typedef _Container container_type; typedef output_iterator_tag iterator_category; typedef void value_type; typedef void difference_type; typedef void pointer; typedef void reference; insert_iterator(_Container& __x) : container(&__x) {} insert_iterator(_Container& __x, typename _Container::iterator) : container(&__x) {} insert_iterator<_Container>& operator=(const typename _Container::value_type& __value) { container->insert(__value); return *this; } insert_iterator<_Container>& operator*() { return *this; } insert_iterator<_Container>& operator++() { return *this; } insert_iterator<_Container>& operator++(int) { return *this; }};template <class _Value, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>class insert_iterator<hash_multiset<_Value, _HashFcn, _EqualKey, _Alloc> > {protected: typedef hash_multiset<_Value, _HashFcn, _EqualKey, _Alloc> _Container; _Container* container; typename _Container::iterator iter;public: typedef _Container container_type; typedef output_iterator_tag iterator_category; typedef void value_type; typedef void difference_type; typedef void pointer; typedef void reference; insert_iterator(_Container& __x) : container(&__x) {} insert_iterator(_Container& __x, typename _Container::iterator) : container(&__x) {} insert_iterator<_Container>& operator=(const typename _Container::value_type& __value) { container->insert(__value); return *this; } insert_iterator<_Container>& operator*() { return *this; } insert_iterator<_Container>& operator++() { return *this; } insert_iterator<_Container>& operator++(int) { return *this; }};
hash_map与hash_multimap
简介
hash_map的底层实现机制是hashtable。故hash_map的操作行为都可以转hashtable的操作实现。hash_map与map之间的区别：1）底层实现机制不同。hash_map的底层实现机制是hashtable，而map的底层实现机制是RB-tree。2）map具有自动排序功能，而hash_map不具有自动排序功能。hash_map中的每一个元素都同时拥有实值（value）和键值（key）。
hash_multimap与hash_map基本相似，二者主要的不同是hash_map中的元素不允许重复，但hash_multimap中的元素可以重复。故hash_mutimap中的插入函数使用的是hashtable中的insert_equal()，而hash_map中的插入函数使用的是hashtable中的insert_unique()函数。
源码分析
template <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>class hash_map{ // requirements: __STL_CLASS_REQUIRES(_Key, _Assignable); __STL_CLASS_REQUIRES(_Tp, _Assignable); __STL_CLASS_UNARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_HashFcn, size_t, _Key); __STL_CLASS_BINARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_EqualKey, bool, _Key, _Key);private: typedef hashtable<pair<const _Key,_Tp>,_Key,_HashFcn, _Select1st<pair<const _Key,_Tp> >,_EqualKey,_Alloc> _Ht; _Ht _M_ht; // 底层机制以hash table完成public: typedef typename _Ht::key_type key_type; typedef _Tp data_type; typedef _Tp mapped_type; typedef typename _Ht::value_type value_type; typedef typename _Ht::hasher hasher; typedef typename _Ht::key_equal key_equal; typedef typename _Ht::size_type size_type; typedef typename _Ht::difference_type difference_type; typedef typename _Ht::pointer pointer; typedef typename _Ht::const_pointer const_pointer; typedef typename _Ht::reference reference; typedef typename _Ht::const_reference const_reference; typedef typename _Ht::iterator iterator; typedef typename _Ht::const_iterator const_iterator; typedef typename _Ht::allocator_type allocator_type; hasher hash_funct() const { return _M_ht.hash_funct(); } key_equal key_eq() const { return _M_ht.key_eq(); } allocator_type get_allocator() const { return _M_ht.get_allocator(); }public: // 缺省使用大小为100的表格。将由hash table调整为最接近且较大之质数 hash_map() : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} explicit hash_map(size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_map(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_map(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) {}#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> hash_map(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_map(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_map(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_map(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); }#else // 以下，插入操作全部使用insert_unique()，不允许键值重复 hash_map(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); } hash_map(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */public: // 所有操作几乎都有hash table对应版本。传递调用就行 size_type size() const { return _M_ht.size(); } size_type max_size() const { return _M_ht.max_size(); } bool empty() const { return _M_ht.empty(); } void swap(hash_map& __hs) { _M_ht.swap(__hs._M_ht); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _K1, class _T1, class _HF, class _EqK, class _Al> friend bool operator== (const hash_map<_K1, _T1, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&, const hash_map<_K1, _T1, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&);#else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ friend bool __STD_QUALIFIER operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const hash_map&, const hash_map&);#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ iterator begin() { return _M_ht.begin(); } iterator end() { return _M_ht.end(); } const_iterator begin() const { return _M_ht.begin(); } const_iterator end() const { return _M_ht.end(); }public: pair<iterator,bool> insert(const value_type& __obj) { return _M_ht.insert_unique(__obj); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> void insert(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f,__l); }#else void insert(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f,__l); } void insert(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_unique(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ pair<iterator,bool> insert_noresize(const value_type& __obj) { return _M_ht.insert_unique_noresize(__obj); } iterator find(const key_type& __key) { return _M_ht.find(__key); } const_iterator find(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.find(__key); } _Tp& operator[](const key_type& __key) { return _M_ht.find_or_insert(value_type(__key, _Tp())).second; } size_type count(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.count(__key); } pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_type& __key) { return _M_ht.equal_range(__key); } pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.equal_range(__key); } size_type erase(const key_type& __key) {return _M_ht.erase(__key); } void erase(iterator __it) { _M_ht.erase(__it); } void erase(iterator __f, iterator __l) { _M_ht.erase(__f, __l); } void clear() { _M_ht.clear(); } void resize(size_type __hint) { _M_ht.resize(__hint); } size_type bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.bucket_count(); } size_type max_bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.max_bucket_count(); } size_type elems_in_bucket(size_type __n) const { return _M_ht.elems_in_bucket(__n); }};template <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HashFcn, class _EqlKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator==(const hash_map<_Key,_Tp,_HashFcn,_EqlKey,_Alloc>& __hm1, const hash_map<_Key,_Tp,_HashFcn,_EqlKey,_Alloc>& __hm2){ return __hm1._M_ht == __hm2._M_ht;}#ifdef __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDERtemplate <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HashFcn, class _EqlKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator!=(const hash_map<_Key,_Tp,_HashFcn,_EqlKey,_Alloc>& __hm1, const hash_map<_Key,_Tp,_HashFcn,_EqlKey,_Alloc>& __hm2) { return !(__hm1 == __hm2);}template <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HashFcn, class _EqlKey, class _Alloc>inline void swap(hash_map<_Key,_Tp,_HashFcn,_EqlKey,_Alloc>& __hm1, hash_map<_Key,_Tp,_HashFcn,_EqlKey,_Alloc>& __hm2){ __hm1.swap(__hm2);}#endif /* __STL_FUNCTION_TMPL_PARTIAL_ORDER */// Forward declaration of equality operator; needed for friend declaration.template <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HashFcn __STL_DEPENDENT_DEFAULT_TMPL(hash<_Key>), class _EqualKey __STL_DEPENDENT_DEFAULT_TMPL(equal_to<_Key>), class _Alloc = __STL_DEFAULT_ALLOCATOR(_Tp) >class hash_multimap;template <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HF, class _EqKey, class _Alloc>inline bool operator==(const hash_multimap<_Key,_Tp,_HF,_EqKey,_Alloc>& __hm1, const hash_multimap<_Key,_Tp,_HF,_EqKey,_Alloc>& __hm2);template <class _Key, class _Tp, class _HashFcn, class _EqualKey, class _Alloc>// hash_multimap类class hash_multimap{ // requirements: __STL_CLASS_REQUIRES(_Key, _Assignable); __STL_CLASS_REQUIRES(_Tp, _Assignable); __STL_CLASS_UNARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_HashFcn, size_t, _Key); __STL_CLASS_BINARY_FUNCTION_CHECK(_EqualKey, bool, _Key, _Key);private: typedef hashtable<pair<const _Key, _Tp>, _Key, _HashFcn, _Select1st<pair<const _Key, _Tp> >, _EqualKey, _Alloc> _Ht; _Ht _M_ht; // 底层实现机制为hashtablepublic: typedef typename _Ht::key_type key_type; typedef _Tp data_type; typedef _Tp mapped_type; typedef typename _Ht::value_type value_type; typedef typename _Ht::hasher hasher; typedef typename _Ht::key_equal key_equal; typedef typename _Ht::size_type size_type; typedef typename _Ht::difference_type difference_type; typedef typename _Ht::pointer pointer; typedef typename _Ht::const_pointer const_pointer; typedef typename _Ht::reference reference; typedef typename _Ht::const_reference const_reference; typedef typename _Ht::iterator iterator; typedef typename _Ht::const_iterator const_iterator; typedef typename _Ht::allocator_type allocator_type; hasher hash_funct() const { return _M_ht.hash_funct(); } key_equal key_eq() const { return _M_ht.key_eq(); } allocator_type get_allocator() const { return _M_ht.get_allocator(); }public: // 缺省使用大小为100的表格。将被hash table调整为最接近且较大之质数 hash_multimap() : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} explicit hash_multimap(size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_multimap(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) {} hash_multimap(size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) {}#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> hash_multimap(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_multimap(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_multimap(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } template <class _InputIterator> hash_multimap(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); }#else // 以下，插入操作全部使用insert_equal()，允许键值重复 hash_multimap(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) : _M_ht(100, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n) : _M_ht(__n, hasher(), key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, key_equal(), allocator_type()) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); } hash_multimap(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l, size_type __n, const hasher& __hf, const key_equal& __eql, const allocator_type& __a = allocator_type()) : _M_ht(__n, __hf, __eql, __a) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */public: // 所有操作几乎都有hash table的对应版本，传递调用即可。 size_type size() const { return _M_ht.size(); } size_type max_size() const { return _M_ht.max_size(); } bool empty() const { return _M_ht.empty(); } void swap(hash_multimap& __hs) { _M_ht.swap(__hs._M_ht); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _K1, class _T1, class _HF, class _EqK, class _Al> friend bool operator== (const hash_multimap<_K1, _T1, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&, const hash_multimap<_K1, _T1, _HF, _EqK, _Al>&);#else /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ friend bool __STD_QUALIFIER operator== __STL_NULL_TMPL_ARGS (const hash_multimap&,const hash_multimap&);#endif /* __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ iterator begin() { return _M_ht.begin(); } iterator end() { return _M_ht.end(); } const_iterator begin() const { return _M_ht.begin(); } const_iterator end() const { return _M_ht.end(); }public: iterator insert(const value_type& __obj) { return _M_ht.insert_equal(__obj); }#ifdef __STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES template <class _InputIterator> void insert(_InputIterator __f, _InputIterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f,__l); }#else void insert(const value_type* __f, const value_type* __l) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f,__l); } void insert(const_iterator __f, const_iterator __l) { _M_ht.insert_equal(__f, __l); }#endif /*__STL_MEMBER_TEMPLATES */ iterator insert_noresize(const value_type& __obj) { return _M_ht.insert_equal_noresize(__obj); } iterator find(const key_type& __key) { return _M_ht.find(__key); } const_iterator find(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.find(__key); } size_type count(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.count(__key); } pair<iterator, iterator> equal_range(const key_type& __key) { return _M_ht.equal_range(__key); } pair<const_iterator, const_iterator> equal_range(const key_type& __key) const { return _M_ht.equal_range(__key); } size_type erase(const key_type& __key) {return _M_ht.erase(__key); } void erase(iterator __it) { _M_ht.erase(__it); } void erase(iterator __f, iterator __l) { _M_ht.erase(__f, __l); } void clear() { _M_ht.clear(); }public: void resize(size_type __hint) { _M_ht.resize(__hint); } size_type bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.bucket_count(); } size_type max_bucket_count() const { return _M_ht.max_bucket_count(); } size_type elems_in_bucket(size_type __n) const { return _M_ht.elems_in_bucket(__n); }};参考文献
STL源码剖析——侯捷
STL源码
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- STL学习——hash_set/hash_map/hash_multiset/hash_multimap篇
- STL源码：hash_set、hash_map、hash_multiset、hash_multimap
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- boost.unordered 基于hash table的四种容器(即hash_map,unordered_mutimap,hash_set,hash_multiset)
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