【SSH】Dispatcher initialization failed && Exception startingfilter struts2

      下午在SSH引入页面过程中，代码照着视频敲完了，显示界面时候一直是这个样子：

                  

       然后在Console中查看错误信息如下：

严重: Dispatcher initialization failed

Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/C:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%207.0/webapps/mystruts2_2/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:68
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:58)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:374)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:418)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:277)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:258)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:382)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4638)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5294)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:895)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:871)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:615)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1099)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1621)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:441)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:303)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:138)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Action class [com.keshuo.action。LoginVerifyAction] not found - action - file:/C:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%207.0/webapps/mystruts2_2/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:68
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:409)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:354)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:468)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:264)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:111)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:193)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)
... 22 more
2014-9-18 9:00:45 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext filterStart
严重: Exception starting filter struts2
Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/C:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%207.0/webapps/mystruts2_2/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:68
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:431)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.InitOperations.initDispatcher(InitOperations.java:69)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.init(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter.java:51)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.initFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:277)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:258)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:382)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:4638)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5294)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:895)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:871)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:619)
Caused by: Unable to load configuration. - action - file:/C:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%207.0/webapps/mystruts2_2/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:68
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:58)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:374)
at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:418)
... 20 more
Caused by: Action class [com.keshuo.action.LoginVerifyAction] not found - action - file:/C:/Program%20Files/Apache%20Software%20Foundation/Tomcat%207.0/webapps/mystruts2_2/WEB-INF/classes/struts.xml:8:68
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:409)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:354)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:468)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:264)
at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:111)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:193)
at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:55)

... 22 more

      心想，又要学新东西了。

      针对“Exception starting filter struts2”以及“Dispatcher initialization failed”这两个错误，网友们给出的最多的解释就是jar包引入少了：

       核对一下这5个基本jar包：                 

              commons-logging-api-1.1.jar

              freemarker-2.3.8.jar

              ognl-2.6.11.jar

              struts2-core-2.0.12.jar

              xwork-2.0.6.jar

       确实少了一个“commons-logging-api-1.1.jar”，重新生成，问题并没有解决。怎么办？

       超哥帮忙一起核对“applicationContext.xml”时候发现，配置Hibernate时候多写了配置文件。

<property name="mappingResources"><list><span style="white-space:pre"></span><value>cn/itcast/shop/user/vo/User.hbm.xml</value></list>

       这个“hbm.xml”现在根本就不存在我的工作空间里啊。

       除此，在Web.xml当中：

<filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter>

       在网上看到：如果struts2版本是2.1以前web.xml配置过滤器的时候应该是这样：<filter- class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class> 
        如果struts2 版本是2.1以上web.xml配置<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>，虽然我写的是2.1版本的配置语句，可是再次改了一下这里，竟然成功了，也是醉了。

 

       So，一开始遇到的这个问题，两点：

       一、基本jar包是否引用充分，基本上网查资料就能够解决。

       二、检查Struts.xml和web.xml以及applicationContext.xml三个配置文件中的配置，尤其是

      （1）web.xml中的Spring核心监听器：

<!--配置Spring的核心监听器--> <listener>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener>  <context-param>        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param>

      （2）struts中的核心过滤器

<!--配置Struts2的核心过滤器--> <filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter>  <filter-mapping>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>        <dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>        <dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher> </filter-mapping>

       考虑struts的版本是否是2.1然后配置<filter-class></filter-class>中的内容。

       菜鸟一枚，正在学着怎么飞。