用.net创建windows service的总结(C#代码)tojike(原作)

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用.net创建windows service总结    tojike原作)  
  
关键字     windows service
  


前言

net创建windows service提供了专门的类库,结束了以前开发windows service窘迫的局面。你甚至可以不用添加一行代码,就可以用wizard生成一个windows service

一、用wizard生成最基本的框架



此时,系统会为你生成一个框架,部分主要源代码如下:

using System;

using System.Collections;

using System.ComponentModel;

using System.Data;

using System.Diagnostics;

using System.serviceProcess;

namespace windowsservice1

{

       public class service1 : System.serviceProcess.serviceBase

       {

              

              private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

              

        public service1()

              {

                     InitializeComponent();

              }

              static void Main()

              {

                     System.serviceProcess.serviceBase[] servicesToRun;

            servicesToRun = new System.serviceProcess.serviceBase[] { new service1() };

            System.serviceProcess.serviceBase.Run(servicesToRun);

              }

              private void InitializeComponent()

              {

                     components = new System.ComponentModel.Container();

                     this.serviceName = "service1";

              }

              protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

              {

                     if( disposing )

                     {

                            if (components != null)

                            {

                                   components.Dispose();

                            }

                     }

                     base.Dispose( disposing );

              }

              protected override void OnStart(string[] args)

              {

                     

              }

             protected override void OnStop()

              {

                     

              }

       }

}



有必要将其结构讲解一下。其中,System.serviceProcess就是关键所在,是引入windows service的地方。其中的OnStart()、OnStop()两个函数能够被windows服务管理器或者MMC调用,进行服务的启动、停止。

二、构建一个服务

该框架提供了一个空的服务,什么也不能做。所以我们要给它添加代码。比如,我想

做一个能够扫描数据库的服务,要求每次扫描完之后间隔一秒钟,然后继续扫描。

根据上面的要求,初步设想需要一个timer类,查命名空间,发现有二个不同的timer类,他们是:

1、  System.windows.Forms.Timer

2、  System.Timers.Timer

还有一个System.Threading,带有sleep方法

究竟该用哪个呢?

细查MSDN,会找到只有2适合,对于1来说,timer控制时间不够精确,对于线程来说,实现比较困难。

三、规划一下流程

基于该服务的要求,确定服务的流程如下:



为此,我们定义两个函数:_Scan(bool _judge)、_DO_Something()

然后引入System.Timers命名空间,并且定义一个_timer对象,这些代码如下:

1、using System.Timers;                       //引入System.Timers                                                                   

2、public System.Timers.Timer _timer;           //定义对象_timer                                                              

3、public bool _Scan(bool _judge)                                                                                                              

              {                                                                                                                                                            

                     //TODO                                                                                                                                        

              }                                                                                                                                                           

4、public void _DO_Something()                                                                                                               

              {                                                                                                                                                          

                     //TODO                                                             

              }                                                                      



然后在InitializeComponent()里边把_timer的Elapsed事件添加上,代码如下:

this._timer.Elapsed += new System.Timers.ElapsedEventHandler(this._timer_Elapsed);

   定义_timer_Elapsed事件,代码如下:

private void _timer_Elapsed(object sender, System.Timers.ElapsedEventArgs e)               

              {                                                                      

                     _timer.Interval=1000;                                                  

                  _timer.Enabled=false;                                                  

              if(_Scan()==true)                                                         

                     {                                                                  

                            _DO_Something();                                                

                     }                                                                  

                     _timer.Enabled=true;                                                  

            }                                                                     

   最后,我们不要忘记添加windows service的installer,也是一个wizard,基本上不需要添加一行代码。然后编译,生成一个可执行文件。注意:因为这不是普通的可执行文件,所以不能通过双击实现运行,只能通过installutil YourserviceName、net START YourserviceName、net STOP YourserviceName、installutil/u YourserviceName来进行该服务的安装、启动、停止、暂停(可选)、卸载。最好是做成批处理文件,一劳永逸。^_^



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