Centos 7.2 KVM 配置

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It's Virtualization with KVM ( Kernel-based Virtual Machine ) + QEMU.
This requires that the CPU on your computer which has a function Intel VT or AMD-V.

[1]Install KVM.

[root@dlp ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm libvirt virt-install bridge-utils

# make sure modules are loaded

[root@dlp ~]#  lsmod | grep kvm

kvm_intel       138567  0kvm             441119  1 kvm_intel

[root@dlp ~]# lsmod | grep kvm

[root@dlp ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd

[2]Configure Bridge networking for KVM virtual machine.
Replace the interface name "eno16777736" for your own environment's one.

# add bridge "br0"

[root@dlp ~]# nmcli c add type bridge autoconnect yes con-name br0 ifname br0

Connection 'br0' (0f4b7bc8-8c7a-461a-bff1-d516b941a6ec) successfully added.

# set IP for br0

[root@dlp ~]#nmcli c modify br0 ipv4.addresses 10.0.0.30/24 ipv4.method manual

# set Gateway for br0

[root@dlp ~]#nmcli c modify br0 ipv4.gateway 10.0.0.1

# set DNS for "br0"

[root@dlp ~]#nmcli c modify br0 ipv4.dns 10.0.0.1

# remove the current setting

[root@dlp ~]#nmcli c delete eno16777736

# add an interface again as a member of br0

[root@dlp ~]#nmcli c add type bridge-slave autoconnect yes con-name eno16777736 ifname eno16777736 master br0

# restart

[root@dlp ~]#reboot

[root@dlp ~]#ip addr

1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 ::1/128 scope host       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP>     mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000    link/ether 00:0c:29:9f:9b:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff3: virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default    link/ether 22:f8:64:25:97:44 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 192.168.122.1/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global virbr0       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever4: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default    link/ether 00:0c:29:9f:9b:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff    inet 10.0.0.30/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global br0       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe9f:9bd3/64 scope link       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

 

Install GuestOS and create a Virtual Machine. This example shows to install CentOS 7.

[1]Install GuestOS on text mode via network, it's OK on Console or remote connection with Putty and so on.Furthermore, Virtual Machine's images are placed at /var/lib/libvirt/images by default as a Storage Pool,but this example shows to create and use a new Storage Pool.[root@dlp ~]# mkdir -p /var/kvm/images          # create a new Storage Pool

[root@dlp ~]# virt-install \

--name centos7 \

--ram 4096 \
--disk path=/var/kvm/images/centos7.img,size=30 \
--vcpus 2 \
--os-type linux \
--os-variant rhel7 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics none \
--console pty,target_type=serial \
--location 'http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/linux/centos/7/os/x86_64/' \
--extra-args 'console=ttyS0,115200n8 serial'

Starting install...

# start installation

 

The example of options above means like follows. There are many options for others, make sure with "man virt-install".

--name

specify the name of Virtual Machine

--ram

specify the amount of memories of Virtual Machine

--disk path=xxx ,size=xxx

'path=' ⇒ specify the location of disks of Virtual Machine
'size=' ⇒ specify the amount of disks of Virtual Machine

--vcpus

specify the virtual CPUs

--os-type

specify the type of GuestOS

--os-variant

specify the kind of GuestOS - possible to confirm the list with the command below
# osinfo-query os

--network

specify network types of Virtual Machine

--graphics

specify the kind of graphics. if set 'none', it means nographics.

--console

specify the console type

--location

specify the location of installation where from

--extra-args

specify parameters that is set in kernel

[2]Install on text mode, it's the same with common procedure of installation.After finishing installation, reboot first and then login prompt is shown like follwos.

CentOS Linux 7 (Core)Kernel 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64localhost login:

[3]Move to GuestOS to HostOS with Ctrl + ] key.
Move to HostOS to GuestOS with a command 'virsh console (name of virtual machine)'.

[root@localhost ~]# # push Ctrl + ]

[root@dlp ~]# # Host's console

[root@dlp ~]# virsh console centos7

# move to Guest

Connected to domain www

Escape character is ^] # Enter key

[root@localhost ~]# # Guest's console

[4]Because after installing GuestOS from network, it is minimum settings,so it's useful to save it as a template in order to create new virtual machines later.[root@dlp ~]# virt-clone --original centos7 --name template --file /var/kvm/images/template.img

Allocating 'template.img'

| 20 GB 01:44

Clone 'template' created successfully.

[root@dlp ~]# ll /var/kvm/images/template.img

 

# disk image

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 32212254720 Jul 11 23:34 /var/kvm/images/template.img
[root@dlp ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu/template.xml

 

# xml file

-rw------- 1 root root 1843 Jul 11 23:32 /etc/libvirt/qemu/template.xml[5]

Set basic initial configuration to GuestOS first before using it.

[6]Define a new Storage Pool.[root@dlp ~]# mkdir /etc/libvirt/storage

[root@dlp ~]# vi /etc/libvirt/storage/disk01.xml

 

# create new

<pool type='dir'>
 

# any name you like

  <name>disk01</name>
  <capacity>0</capacity>
  <allocation>0</allocation>
  <available>0</available>
  <source>
  </source>
  <target>
   

# specify a pool directory

    <path>/var/kvm/images</path>
    <permissions>
        <mode>0700</mode>
        <owner>-1</owner>
        <group>-1</group>
    </permissions>
  </target>
</pool>

# define the pool

[root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-define /etc/libvirt/storage/disk01.xml

Pool disk01 defined from /etc/libvirt/storage/disk01.xml

# start the pool

[root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-start disk01

Pool disk01 started

# set auto-start

[root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-autostart disk01

Pool disk01 marked as autostarted

# confirm to show the pool list

[root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-list

Name                 State      Autostart-----------------------------------------disk01               active     yes

# confirm to show the details

[root@dlp ~]# virsh pool-info disk01

Name:           disk01UUID:           2de62477-7132-4512-b5d8-003e28da105cState:          runningPersistent:     yesAutostart:      yesCapacity:       197.17 GiBAllocation:     2.90 GiBAvailable:      194.27 GiB 

 

If you installed Desktop Environment,it's possible to create a Virtual machine on GUI.This example shows to install Windows Server 2012 R2 on GUI.

[1]Install virt-manager first.[root@dlp ~]#

yum -y install virt-manager

[2]Start Desktop and run 'Virtual Machine Manager'.[3]Click 'New' button (it's just the PC-icon on upper-left) and open a wizard to create a new Virtual Machine.

 

[4]Specify the name of virtual machine and installation source. This example selects local media.[5]Select Installation media or ISO image, and specify OS type and version. Windows Server 2012 in not listed, but it's possible to install it to select Windows 2008.[6]Specify the amount of memories and number of virtual CPUs.[7]Specify the amount of disks.[8]Open 'Advanced options' and make sure the settings for networking or architecture are correct.[9]Windows Server 2012 R2 Installation starts.[10]Installation finished and Windows Server 2012 R2 is running.

 

Basic Operarions with virsh command

[1]Start Virtual Machine

[root@dlp ~]# virsh start centos7

# Start Virtual Machine 'centos7'

Domain centos7 started

[root@dlp ~]# virsh start centos7 --console

# start and connect to console of 'centos7'

Domain centos7 started
Connected to domain centos7[2]Stop Virtual Machine

[root@dlp ~]# virsh shutdown centos7

# Stop Virtual Machine 'centos7'

Domain centos7 is being shutdown

[root@dlp ~]# virsh destroy centos7

# Stop fourcely Virtual Machine 'centos7'

Domain centos7 destroyed[3]Set auto-start for Virtual Machines

[root@dlp ~]# virsh autostart centos7

# Enable auto-start for 'centos7'

Domain centos7 marked as autostarted

[root@dlp ~]# virsh autostart --disable centos7

# Disable auto-start for 'centos7'

Domain centos7 unmarked as autostarted[4]List all Virtual Machines[root@dlp ~]# virsh list

# List all active Virtual Machines

 Id    Name               State---------------------------------------- 2     centos7            running

[root@dlp ~]# virsh list --all

# List all Virtual Machines included inactives

 Id    Name               State---------------------------------------- -     centos7            shut off -     template           shut off -     Win2k12            shut off

[5]Switch console
Move to GuestOS to HostOS with Ctrl + ] key.
Move to HostOS to GuestOS with a command 'virsh console (name of virtual machine)'.[root@dlp ~]# virsh console centos7

# connect to 'centos7'

Connected to domain centos7
Escape character is ^]   # Enter

CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
Kernel 3.10.0-123.el7.x86_64 on an x86_64

localhost login:

# just switched on Guest

Password:
Last login: Sat Jul 12 20:51:10 2014
[root@localhost ~]#   # Ctrl + ] key

[root@dlp ~]# # just switched on Host

[6]For Other options below, there are many options, please try to execute them.

[root@dlp ~]# virsh --help

virsh [options]... [<command_string>]virsh [options]... <command> [args...]  options:    -c | --connect=URI      hypervisor connection URI    -r | --readonly         connect readonly    -d | --debug=NUM        debug level [0-4]    -h | --help             this help    -q | --quiet            quiet mode    -t | --timing           print timing information    -l | --log=FILE         output logging to file    -v                      short version    -V                      long version         --version[=TYPE]   version, TYPE is short or long (default short)    -e | --escape <char>    set escape sequence for console  commands (non interactive mode): Domain Management (help keyword 'domain')    attach-device                  attach device from an XML file    attach-disk                    attach disk device    attach-interface               attach network interface    autostart                      autostart a domain    blkdeviotune                   Set or query a block device I/O tuning parameters.    blkiotune                      Get or set blkio parameters    blockcommit                    Start a block commit operation.    blockcopy                      Start a block copy operation.    blockjob                       Manage active block operations    blockpull                      Populate a disk from its backing image.    blockresize                    Resize block device of domain.    change-media                   Change media of CD or floppy drive    console                        connect to the guest console    cpu-baseline                   compute baseline CPU    cpu-compare                    compare host CPU with a CPU described by an XML file    cpu-stats                      show domain cpu statistics    create                         create a domain from an XML file    define                         define (but don't start) a domain from an XML file    desc                           show or set domain's description or title    destroy                        destroy (stop) a domain    detach-device                  detach device from an XML file    detach-disk                    detach disk device    detach-interface               detach network interface    domdisplay                     domain display connection URI    domfstrim                      Invoke fstrim on domain's mounted filesystems.    domhostname                    print the domain's hostname    domid                          convert a domain name or UUID to domain id    domif-setlink                  set link state of a virtual interface    domiftune                      get/set parameters of a virtual interface    domjobabort                    abort active domain job    domjobinfo                     domain job information    domname                        convert a domain id or UUID to domain name    dompmsuspend                   suspend a domain gracefully using power management functions    dompmwakeup                    wakeup a domain from pmsuspended state    domuuid                        convert a domain name or id to domain UUID    domxml-from-native             Convert native config to domain XML    domxml-to-native               Convert domain XML to native config    dump                           dump the core of a domain to a file for analysis    dumpxml                        domain information in XML    edit                           edit XML configuration for a domain    inject-nmi                     Inject NMI to the guest    send-key                       Send keycodes to the guest    send-process-signal            Send signals to processes    lxc-enter-namespace            LXC Guest Enter Namespace    managedsave                    managed save of a domain state    managedsave-remove             Remove managed save of a domain    maxvcpus                       connection vcpu maximum    memtune                        Get or set memory parameters    migrate                        migrate domain to another host    migrate-setmaxdowntime         set maximum tolerable downtime    migrate-compcache              get/set compression cache size    migrate-setspeed               Set the maximum migration bandwidth    migrate-getspeed               Get the maximum migration bandwidth    numatune                       Get or set numa parameters    qemu-attach                    QEMU Attach    qemu-monitor-command           QEMU Monitor Command    qemu-agent-command             QEMU Guest Agent Command    reboot                         reboot a domain    reset                          reset a domain    restore                        restore a domain from a saved state in a file    resume                         resume a domain    save                           save a domain state to a file    save-image-define              redefine the XML for a domain's saved state file    save-image-dumpxml             saved state domain information in XML    save-image-edit                edit XML for a domain's saved state file    schedinfo                      show/set scheduler parameters    screenshot                     take a screenshot of a current domain console and store it into a file    setmaxmem                      change maximum memory limit    setmem                         change memory allocation    setvcpus                       change number of virtual CPUs    shutdown                       gracefully shutdown a domain    start                          start a (previously defined) inactive domain    suspend                        suspend a domain    ttyconsole                     tty console    undefine                       undefine a domain    update-device                  update device from an XML file    vcpucount                      domain vcpu counts    vcpuinfo                       detailed domain vcpu information    vcpupin                        control or query domain vcpu affinity    emulatorpin                    control or query domain emulator affinity    vncdisplay                     vnc display Domain Monitoring (help keyword 'monitor')    domblkerror                    Show errors on block devices    domblkinfo                     domain block device size information    domblklist                     list all domain blocks    domblkstat                     get device block stats for a domain    domcontrol                     domain control interface state    domif-getlink                  get link state of a virtual interface    domiflist                      list all domain virtual interfaces    domifstat                      get network interface stats for a domain    dominfo                        domain information    dommemstat                     get memory statistics for a domain    domstate                       domain state    list                           list domains Host and Hypervisor (help keyword 'host')    capabilities                   capabilities    freecell                       NUMA free memory    hostname                       print the hypervisor hostname    node-memory-tune               Get or set node memory parameters    nodecpumap                     node cpu map    nodecpustats                   Prints cpu stats of the node.    nodeinfo                       node information    nodememstats                   Prints memory stats of the node.    nodesuspend                    suspend the host node for a given time duration    sysinfo                        print the hypervisor sysinfo    uri                            print the hypervisor canonical URI    version                        show version Interface (help keyword 'interface')    iface-begin                    create a snapshot of current interfaces settings,                                    which can be later committed (iface-commit) or restored (iface-rollback)    iface-bridge                   create a bridge device and attach an existing network device to it    iface-commit                   commit changes made since iface-begin and free restore point    iface-define                   define (but don't start) a physical host interface from an XML file    iface-destroy                  destroy a physical host interface (disable it / "if-down")    iface-dumpxml                  interface information in XML    iface-edit                     edit XML configuration for a physical host interface    iface-list                     list physical host interfaces    iface-mac                      convert an interface name to interface MAC address    iface-name                     convert an interface MAC address to interface name    iface-rollback                 rollback to previous saved configuration created via iface-begin    iface-start                    start a physical host interface (enable it / "if-up")    iface-unbridge                 undefine a bridge device after detaching its slave device    iface-undefine                 undefine a physical host interface (remove it from configuration) Network Filter (help keyword 'filter')    nwfilter-define                define or update a network filter from an XML file    nwfilter-dumpxml               network filter information in XML    nwfilter-edit                  edit XML configuration for a network filter    nwfilter-list                  list network filters    nwfilter-undefine              undefine a network filter Networking (help keyword 'network')    net-autostart                  autostart a network    net-create                     create a network from an XML file    net-define                     define (but don't start) a network from an XML file    net-destroy                    destroy (stop) a network    net-dumpxml                    network information in XML    net-edit                       edit XML configuration for a network    net-info                       network information    net-list                       list networks    net-name                       convert a network UUID to network name    net-start                      start a (previously defined) inactive network    net-undefine                   undefine an inactive network    net-update                     update parts of an existing network's configuration    net-uuid                       convert a network name to network UUID Node Device (help keyword 'nodedev')    nodedev-create                 create a device defined by an XML file on the node    nodedev-destroy                destroy (stop) a device on the node    nodedev-detach                 detach node device from its device driver    nodedev-dumpxml                node device details in XML    nodedev-list                   enumerate devices on this host    nodedev-reattach               reattach node device to its device driver    nodedev-reset                  reset node device Secret (help keyword 'secret')    secret-define                  define or modify a secret from an XML file    secret-dumpxml                 secret attributes in XML    secret-get-value               Output a secret value    secret-list                    list secrets    secret-set-value               set a secret value    secret-undefine                undefine a secret Snapshot (help keyword 'snapshot')    snapshot-create                Create a snapshot from XML    snapshot-create-as             Create a snapshot from a set of args    snapshot-current               Get or set the current snapshot    snapshot-delete                Delete a domain snapshot    snapshot-dumpxml               Dump XML for a domain snapshot    snapshot-edit                  edit XML for a snapshot    snapshot-info                  snapshot information    snapshot-list                  List snapshots for a domain    snapshot-parent                Get the name of the parent of a snapshot    snapshot-revert                Revert a domain to a snapshot Storage Pool (help keyword 'pool')    find-storage-pool-sources-as   find potential storage pool sources    find-storage-pool-sources      discover potential storage pool sources    pool-autostart                 autostart a pool    pool-build                     build a pool    pool-create-as                 create a pool from a set of args    pool-create                    create a pool from an XML file    pool-define-as                 define a pool from a set of args    pool-define                    define (but don't start) a pool from an XML file    pool-delete                    delete a pool    pool-destroy                   destroy (stop) a pool    pool-dumpxml                   pool information in XML    pool-edit                      edit XML configuration for a storage pool    pool-info                      storage pool information    pool-list                      list pools    pool-name                      convert a pool UUID to pool name    pool-refresh                   refresh a pool    pool-start                     start a (previously defined) inactive pool    pool-undefine                  undefine an inactive pool    pool-uuid                      convert a pool name to pool UUID Storage Volume (help keyword 'volume')    vol-clone                      clone a volume.    vol-create-as                  create a volume from a set of args    vol-create                     create a vol from an XML file    vol-create-from                create a vol, using another volume as input    vol-delete                     delete a vol    vol-download                   download volume contents to a file    vol-dumpxml                    vol information in XML    vol-info                       storage vol information    vol-key                        returns the volume key for a given volume name or path    vol-list                       list vols    vol-name                       returns the volume name for a given volume key or path    vol-path                       returns the volume path for a given volume name or key    vol-pool                       returns the storage pool for a given volume key or path    vol-resize                     resize a vol    vol-upload                     upload file contents to a volume    vol-wipe                       wipe a vol Virsh itself (help keyword 'virsh')    cd                             change the current directory    connect                        (re)connect to hypervisor    echo                           echo arguments    exit                           quit this interactive terminal    help                           print help    pwd                            print the current directory    quit                           quit this interactive terminal  (specify help <group> for details about the commands in the group)  (specify help <command> for details about the command)

 

Install useful tools for virt management.

[1]Install virt tools.[root@dlp ~]# yum -y install libguestfs-tools virt-top[2]"ls" a directory in a virtual machine.[root@dlp ~]#  virt-ls -l -d centos7 /root

total 36dr-xr-x---.  2 root root 4096 Jan  8 22:38 .drwxr-xr-x. 17 root root 4096 Jan  8 22:36 ..-rw-------.  1 root root   61 Jan  8 22:38 .bash_history-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   18 Dec 29  2013 .bash_logout-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 Dec 29  2013 .bash_profile-rw-r--r--.  1 root root  176 Dec 29  2013 .bashrc...

[3]"cat" a file in a virtual machine.[root@dlp ~]# virt-cat -d centos7 /etc/passwd

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologindaemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologinadm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologinlp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologinsync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync...

[4]Edit a file in a virtual machine.[root@dlp ~]# virt-edit -d centos7 /etc/fstab

## /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Thu Jan  8 13:20:43 2015## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info#/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        1 1UUID=537b215f-30a1-4e82-b05d-f480aa8e1034 /boot xfs     defaults        1 2/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

[5]Display disk usage in a virtual machine.[root@dlp ~]# virt-df -d centos7

Filesystem                     1K-blocks       Used  Available  Use%centos7:/dev/sda1                 508588      72348     436240   15%centos7:/dev/centos/root         8910848     779252    8131596    9%

[6]Mount a disk for a virtual machine.[root@dlp ~]# guestmount -d centos7 -i /media

[root@dlp ~]# ll /media

total 32lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root    7 Jan  8 22:22 bin -> usr/bindr-xr-xr-x.  4 root root 4096 Jan  8 22:37 bootdrwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Jan  8 22:20 devdrwxr-xr-x. 74 root root 8192 Jan  8 22:36 etc...

[7]Display the status of virtual machines.[root@dlp ~]# virt-top

virt-top 22:32:
virt-top 
14 - x86_64 4/4CPU 2801MHz 11968MB2 domains, 1 active, 1 running, 0 sleeping, 0 paused, 1 inactive D:0 O:0 X:0CPU: 0.2%  Mem: 500 MB (500 MB by guests)   ID S RDRQ WRRQ RXBY TXBY %CPU %MEM    TIME   NAME    6 R    0    0            0.2  4.0   0:09.14 guestfs-o7nss1p3kxvyl1r5    -                                           (centos7)

 

This is the example to use Live Migration function for virtual machines.

This requires 2 KVM host server and a storage server like follows.
Please set DNS or hosts to resolve names or IP addresses normally, first.

                      +----------------------+                      |   [  NFS Servver  ]  |                      |     nfs.srv.world    |                      |                      |                      +-----------+----------+                                  |10.0.0.30                                  |+----------------------+          |          +----------------------+|  [   KVM Host #1  ]  |10.0.0.21 | 10.0.0.22|  [  KVM Host #2   ]  ||                      +----------+----------+                      ||   kvm01.srv.world    |                     |   kvm02.srv.world    |+----------------------+                     +----------------------+

[1]

Configure Storage server which has virtual machine images. For Storage server, it's OK to useNFS,iSCSI,GlusterFS and so on. This example usesNFS Storage server.

[2]

Configure 2 KVM host server and mount a directory provided from Storage server on the same mount point on both KVM server. This example mounts on [/var/kvm/images].

[3]

Create and start a virtual machine on a KVM host server.

[4]It's OK all, execute Live Migration like follows on server which virtual machine is running. After finishing it, virtual machine is migrated on another KVM host like follows.[root@kvm01 ~]# virsh list

 Id    Name             State-------------------------------------- 3     centos7          running

[root@kvm01 ~]# virsh migrate --live centos7 qemu+ssh://10.0.0.22/system

root@10.0.0.22's password:

# root password

[root@kvm01 ~]# virsh list

 Id    Name             State--------------------------------------

 

# just migrated

### on another KVM Host ###

[root@kvm02 ~]# virsh list

 Id    Name              State--------------------------------------- 1     centos7           running

# back to the KVM Host again like follows

[root@kvm02 ~]# virsh migrate --live centos7 qemu+ssh://10.0.0.21/system
root@10.0.0.21's password:

[root@kvm02 ~]# virsh list

 Id    Name             State--------------------------------------

 

Install Desktop Virtualization "SPICE ( Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environment )".It's possible to connect to virtual machines from remote client computer.

[1]Install SPICE Server if it's not installed yet. ( Normally it's already installed with KVM for dependency )[root@dlp ~]#

yum -y install spice-server spice-protocol

[2]Edit existing virtual machine's xml-file and start virtual machine with SPICE like follows.This site's example has created a virtual machine without graphics, so it's OK to change settings like follows,but if you created virtual machine with a graphics, Remove "<graphics>***" and "<video>***" sections in xml file because qxl is used for graphics.

[root@dlp ~]#

virsh edit centos7

# edit the configration of "centos7"

<domain type='kvm'>  <name>centos7</name>  <uuid>b38a50ca-a1ae-4d37-ba10-caf1e05b43ce</uuid>  <memory unit='KiB'>4194304</memory>  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>4194304</currentMemory>  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>  .  .  .

     

# add follows

     

# set any password for "passwd=***" section

     

# specify a uniq number for "sound" section "slot='0x06'"

     

# the "slot='0x02'" in video section is fixed number for graphics

    <graphics type='spice' port='5900' autoport='no' listen='0.0.0.0' passwd='password'>      <listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>    </graphics>    <sound model='ac97'>      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>    </sound>    <video>      <model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='32768' heads='1'/>      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>    </video>

    <memballoon model='virtio'>      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0'/>    </memballoon>  </devices></domain>Domain centos7 XML configuration edited.

[root@dlp ~]# virsh start centos7

# start VM

Domain centos7 started[3]

Configuration is all OK.See next page to connect to SPICE server from SPICE client.

[4]By the way, if you'd like to enable SPICE on initial creating of virtual machine, specify like follows. Then, it's possible to install Systems with SPICE which requires GUI like Windows without installing Desktop Environment on KVM Host computer.[root@dlp ~]# virt-install \

--name Win2k12R2 \
--ram 6144 \
--disk path=/var/kvm/images/Win2k12R2.img,size=100 \
--vcpus=4 \
--os-type windows \
--os-variant=win2k8 \
--network bridge=br0 \
--graphics spice,listen=0.0.0.0,password=password \
--video qxl \
--cdrom /tmp/X64FRE_SERVER_EVAL_JA-JP-IRM_SSS_X64FREE_JA-JP_DV5.ISO

[5]If Firewalld is running, allow SPICE port which you asgined to a virtual machine.[root@dlp ~]# firewall-cmd --add-port=5900/tcp --permanent
[root@dlp ~]# firewall-cmd --reload

Connect to a virtual machine that is running with SPICE. This example uses CentOS 7 for SPICE client.

[1]Start "Remote Desktop Viewer" like follows.[2]Click "Connect" button.

 

[3]Select "SPICE" for "Protocol" field and input [server name or IP address:set port] for "Host" field and then click "Connect" button.[4]Input the password you set and click "Authenticate" button.[5]After successing authentication, it's possible to connect like follows.

SPICE Client : Windows

 

SPICE client for Windows is also provided, so it's possible to connect from Windows.This example uses Windows 7 (x64) for SPICE client.

[6]Download Virt-Viewer Installer from the site below.
⇒ http://www.spice-space.org/download.html
After installing and starting "Virt-Viewer", following screen is shown. Then, input "spice://server name(IP address:Port" in the URL field and click "Connect" button.[7]Input [server name or IP address:set port] for "URL" field and then click "Connect" button.[8]Input the password you set and click "OK" button.[9]After successing authentication, it's possible to connect like follows.
 

Configure nested KVM. It's possible to install KVM and create virtual machines as nested KVM on KVM host.

[1]Enable the setting for Nested KVM.

[root@dlp ~]# vi /etc/modprobe.d/kvm-nested.conf

# create new

options kvm_intel nested=1

[root@dlp ~]# modprobe -r kvm_intel

# unload

[root@dlp ~]# modprobe kvm_intel

# reload again

[root@dlp ~]# cat /sys/module/kvm_intel/parameters/nestedY

# just enabled

[2]Edit the configuration of a virtual machine you'd like to set nested like follows.
It's OK to configure nested KVM and you can create virtual machines on the virtual machine nested.

[root@dlp ~]# virsh edit centos7

# edit a virtual machine "centos7"

# change like folows for "cpu mode" section

<cpu mode='

host-passthrough

'>