Spark SQL简单操作演示(含导出表)

来源:互联网 发布:约瑟夫问题 c语言 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/07 03:07

还没装spark看这:spark搭建


Spark SQL前身是Shark,由于Shark对于Hive的太多依赖制约了Spark的发展,Spark SQL由此产生。

Spark SQL只要在编译的时候引入Hive支持,就可以支持Hive表访问,UDF,SerDe,以及HiveQL/HQL


启动spark-sql

guo@drguo:/opt/spark-1.6.1-bin-hadoop2.6/bin$ spark-sql 16/05/15 21:20:55 WARN NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
因为什么都没配置,它会使用自带的derby存储,在哪启动的就存在哪,产生一个metastore_db文件夹和一个derby.log文件,如下:

spark-sql可以像hive一样把写好的sql直接source执行

spark-sql> source /home/guo/1.sql

但速度比hive快的多:Spark SQL与Hive On MapReduce速度比较

1.sql

drop table if exists cainiao;create external table cainiao(dater bigint, item_id bigint, store_code bigint, qty_alipay_njhs bigint) row format delimited fields terminated by ',' location '/cainiao';create table predict as select item_id, store_code, sum(qty_alipay_njhs) as target from cainiao where dater>=20141228 and dater<=20150110 group by item_id, store_code;drop table if exists cainiaoq;create external table cainiaoq(dater bigint, item_id bigint, qty_alipay_njhs bigint) row format delimited fields terminated by ',' location '/cainiaoq';create table predictq as select item_id, "all" as store_code, sum(qty_alipay_njhs) as  target from cainiaoq where dater>=20141228 and dater<=20150110 group by item_id;
表名后的false意思是该表不是临时表
spark-sql> show tables;cainiaofalsecainiaoqfalsepredictfalsepredictqfalse
hive里的大多数语法spark sql都可以用,比如上面的创建外部表,但将表导出不能用
spark-sql> insert overwrite local directory '/home/guo/cainiaodiqu'          > row format delimited          > fields terminated by ','          > select * from predict;Error in query: Unsupported language features in query: insert overwrite local directory '/home/guo/cainiaodiqu' row format delimited fields terminated by ',' select * from predict
我靠,那我怎么把表里的数据导到文件系统上!翻了半天官方文档,终于想出两个办法,在下面说。

官方文档:https://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html


第一个办法(2016.5.26刚想到的)

因为hive如果什么都没配,也会用自带的derby存储,也是在哪启动的就存在哪,所以只要在相同目录下启动,在spark-sql里创建的表,hive里当然也有了,当然就可以用上面spark-sql不支持的语句导出了!真是机智如我!!!2016.10.26补充:看一下cdh或者hdp自动部署的配置文件就会发现,spark sql和hive往往会配置使用同一个元数据库。

guo@drguo:/opt/spark-1.6.1-bin-hadoop2.6/bin$ hivehive> show tables;OKcainiaocainiaoqijcaiijcaitestijpredictpredictpredictqTime taken: 2.136 seconds, Fetched: 7 row(s)

第二个办法

启动spark-shell(scala)

guo@drguo:/opt/spark-1.6.1-bin-hadoop2.6/bin$ spark-shell 16/05/15 20:30:07 WARN NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicableWelcome to      ____              __     / __/__  ___ _____/ /__    _\ \/ _ \/ _ `/ __/  '_/   /___/ .__/\_,_/_/ /_/\_\   version 1.6.1      /_/Using Scala version 2.10.5 (Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM, Java 1.8.0_73)Type in expressions to have them evaluated.Type :help for more information.Spark context available as sc.SQL context available as sqlContext.
因为我spark-shell和spark-sql是在同一个目录下启动的,刚才创建的表当然还有啦(配置了元数据库之后,一般用mysql,就不用在同一个目录下启动了)

scala> sqlContext.sql("show tables").show+---------+-----------+|tableName|isTemporary|+---------+-----------+|  cainiao|      false|| cainiaoq|      false||  predict|      false|| predictq|      false|+---------+-----------+scala> sqlContext.sql("select * from predict limit 10").show+-------+----------+------+|item_id|store_code|target|+-------+----------+------+|     33|         2|     1||     33|         3|     0||     33|         4|     4||     33|         5|     1||    132|         1|     0||    132|         2|     1||    132|         3|     1||    330|         5|     1||    549|         1|     3||    549|         2|     2|+-------+----------+------+
下面说一下怎么将表导出

存在hdfs上(/user/guo/下),好像只能存为这三种格式,我试了下txt和csv都不行,如果还能存别的格式请告诉我。

scala> sqlContext.sql("select * from predict ").write.format("json").save("predictj")scala> sqlContext.sql("select * from predict ").write.format("parquet").save("predictp")scala> sqlContext.sql("select * from predict ").write.format("orc").save("predicto")
我也是刚用,哪写的不对请告诉我,谢谢。

0 0
原创粉丝点击