List单链表实现

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https://github.com/liutianshx2012/Algorithms-Data_structures/tree/master/Data_structures/src2

////  List.h//  Algorithms&Data_structures////  Created by TTc on 15-2-2.//  Copyright (c) 2015年 TTc. All rights reserved.///* defined(__Algorithms_Data_structures__List__) */#ifndef __Algorithms_Data_structures__List__#define __Algorithms_Data_structures__List__#include <stdlib.h>/* define a  structure for linked List element */typedef struct ListElmt_{    void *data;    struct ListElmt_ *next;}ListElmt;/*define a  structure for linked lists  */typedef struct List_{    int size;    int(*match)(const void * key1,const void *key2);    void(*destroy)(void *data);    ListElmt *head;    ListElmt *tail;}List;int test_list();void print_list(const List *list);void print_listNode(ListElmt *element);/* Public Interfaces */void list_init(List *list ,void (*destroy)(void *data));void list_destroy(List *list);int list_ins_next(List *list, ListElmt *element, const void *data);int list_rem_next(List *list, ListElmt *element, void **data);#define list_size(list)            ((list) -> size)#define list_head(list)           ((list) -> head)#define list_tail(list)              ((list) -> tail)#define list_is_head(list, element)    ((element) == (list) -> head ? 1:0)#define list_is_tail(list, element)  ((element) == (list) -> tail ? 1:0)#define list_data(element)          ((element) -> data)#define list_next(element)          ((element) -> next)#endif 
////  List.c//  Algorithms&Data_structures////  Created by TTc on 15-2-2.//  Copyright (c) 2015年 TTc. All rights reserved.//#include <stdio.h>#include <string.h>#include "list.h"/*list init */void list_init(List *list, void (*destroy)(void *data)) {  /* initialize the list  */  list->size = 0;  list->destroy = destroy;  list->head = NULL;  list->tail = NULL;}/* 复杂度O(n)  因为 list_rem_next  删除操作的复杂度 O(1)*/void list_destroy(List *list) {    void *data; //keep the data in the element of the list    /*remove the element */    while( list_size(list) > 0 )    {        if(list_rem_next(list, NULL, (void **)&data) == 0 &&           list->destroy != NULL)        {            list->destroy(data);        }    }    memset(list, 0, sizeof(list));    return;}/* list_ins_next 将一个元素插入有element指定的元素之后。  新元素的数据只想由用户传入的数据。 想链表中插入数据要有2中情况要考虑: 插入头或其他位置,具体参照函数的实现。当传入参数element为NULL,表示从插入到表头; */int list_ins_next(List *list, ListElmt *element, const void *data) {  ListElmt *new_element;  if ((new_element = (ListElmt *)malloc(sizeof(ListElmt))) == NULL) {    return -1;  }  /* insert the element into the list  */  new_element->data = (void *)data;  if (element == NULL) { //从链表头部插入时,新元素之前没有别的节点了    /* handle insertion at the head of the list */    if (list_size(list) == 0) {      //无论何时,当插入的元素位于链表的末尾时,度必须更新链表的尾指针      // tail成员使其指向新的节点      list->tail = new_element;    }    //第一步:把新元素的next指针指向当前链表的头部    new_element->next = list->head;    //第二步:重置头节点指针    list->head = new_element;  } else {    /* handle  insertion  somewhere other than at  the head  */    if (element->next == NULL) {      list->tail = new_element;    }    //第一步:将新元素的next指针指向它之后的那个元素    new_element->next = element->next;    //第二步:将新元素位置之前的节点next指针指向新插入的元素    element->next = new_element;  }  //最后更新统计链表中节点个数的size成员  list->size++;  return 0;}/*   1:从链表中移除element所指定的元素之后的那个节点。   2:移除element之后的那个节点而不是移除element本身。   3:与插入操作相似,需要考虑亮点 A:移除的是List的头节点   ;B:移除其余位置上的节点 *//*       原理  1:移除操作很简单:一般情况下链表要移除一个元素,只需要将 要移除的目标节点的 前一个元素   的next指针 指向 目标节点的 一下元素。  2:但是,当移除的 目标节点是头节点时, 目标节点之前并没有其他元素了,因此,在这种情况下,只需要将链表的head成员指针 指向目标节点的下一个元素。 3:同insert操作类似,当传入的element为NULL时 就代表链表的 head头节点需要移除 4:无论何时,当移除的目标节点 时链表 的尾部节点时,都必须更新链表数据成员 姐噢谷中的 tail成员,使其指向 新的尾节点,或者当移除操作 使得整个链表成为 空链表时,需要把 tail设置为NULL。 5:最后更新链表的 size成员 使其-1. 6:当这个函数调用返回时,data将指向已经 移除节点的 数据域。 *//* 复杂度O(1) */int list_rem_next(List *list, ListElmt *element, void **data) {  /* Don't allow remove from an empty list */  if (list_size(list) == 0) {    return -1;  }  ListElmt *old_element;  /* remove the  head  element from the list */  //处理特殊情况, 要删除链表的 头节点 (也就是 list的head 节点)  if (element == NULL) {    *data = list->head->data;    //获取 要删除的节点(以方便后面free内存操作)    old_element = list->head;    //将链表的head成员指针 指向目标节点的下一个元素    list->head = list->head->next;    if (list_size(list) == 1) {      list->tail = NULL;    }  } else {    // element->next 指向要删除的    // 节点元素,若为NULL,说明element已经使最后的节点元素了    if (element->next == NULL) {      return -1;    }    *data = element->next->data;    //获取要删除节点指针(方面以后free内存)    old_element = element->next;    //将目标节点的元素的前一个元素的 next指针 指向 目标节点的next指向的元素    element->next = element->next->next;    if (element->next == NULL) {      list->tail = NULL;    }  }  /* free */  free(old_element);  //更新 链表长度  list->size--;  return 0;}void print_listNode(ListElmt *element) {  int *data, i;  i = 0;  while (1) {    data = list_data(element);    printf("print_listNode====> list[%d]=%d\n", i, *data);    i++;    element = list_next(element);    if (element == NULL) {      break;    }  }}void print_list(const List *list) {  ListElmt *element;  int *data, i;  fprintf(stdout, "List size is %d\n", list_size(list));  i = 0;  element = list_head(list);  while (1) {    data = list_data(element);    //        fprintf(stdout, "list[%03d]=%03d\n", i, *data);    printf("print_list======>list[%d]=%d\n", i, *data);    i++;    if (list_is_tail(list, element))      break;    else      element = list_next(element);  }  return;}int test_list() {  List list, list2;  ListElmt *element;  int *data, *data2, i;  //初始化list  list_init(&list, free);  list_init(&list2, free);  element = list_head(&list);  int array1[20] = {1, 1, 0, 4, 7, 2, 7, 3, 0, 1};  int array2[20] = {2, 5, 5, 6, 8, 0, 3, 0, 5, 1};  for (i = 9; i >= 0; i--) {    if ((data = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int))) == NULL)      return 1;    *data = array1[i];    if (list_ins_next(&list, NULL, data) != 0) //逐个插入元素      return 1;    if ((data2 = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int))) == NULL)      return 1;    *data2 = array2[i];    if (list_ins_next(&list2, NULL, data2) != 0) //逐个插入元素      return 1;  }  print_list(&list); //打印初始list  printf("开始打印list2......");  //    element = list_head(&list);  //指向头结点  //    for (i = 0; i < 7; i++)  //        element = list_next(element);  //  //    data = list_data(element);  //    fprintf(stdout, "Removing an element after the one containing %03d\n",  //    *data);  //  //    if (list_rem_next(&list, element, (void **)&data) != 0)  //删除指定结点  //        return 1;  //    print_list(&list);  //    fprintf(stdout, "Inserting 011 at the tail of the list\n");  //    *data = 11;  //    if (list_ins_next(&list, list_tail(&list), data) != 0)   //插入指定结点  //        return 1;  //    print_list(&list);  //    fprintf(stdout, "Removing an element after the first element\n");  //  //    element = list_head(&list);  //    if (list_rem_next(&list, element, (void **)&data) != 0)  //        return 1;  //  //    print_list(&list);  //  //    fprintf(stdout, "Inserting 012 at the head of the list\n");  //  //    *data = 12;  //    if (list_ins_next(&list, NULL, data) != 0)  //        return 1;  //  //    print_list(&list);  //  //    fprintf(stdout, "Iterating and removing the fourth element\n");  //  //    element = list_head(&list);  //    element = list_next(element);  //    element = list_next(element);  //  //    if (list_rem_next(&list, element, (void **)&data) != 0)  //        return 1;  //  //    print_list(&list);  //  //    fprintf(stdout, "Inserting 013 after the first element\n");  //  //    *data = 13;  //    if (list_ins_next(&list, list_head(&list), data) != 0)  //        return 1;  //  //    print_list(&list);  //  //    i = list_is_head(&list, list_head(&list));  //    fprintf(stdout, "Testing list_is_head...Value=%d (1=OK)\n", i);  //    i = list_is_head(&list, list_tail(&list));  //    fprintf(stdout, "Testing list_is_head...Value=%d (0=OK)\n", i);  //    i = list_is_tail(&list,list_tail(&list));  //    fprintf(stdout, "Testing list_is_tail...Value=%d (1=OK)\n", i);  //    i = list_is_tail(&list,list_head(&list));  //    fprintf(stdout, "Testing list_is_tail...Value=%d (0=OK)\n", i);  fprintf(stdout, "Destroying the list\n");  list_destroy(&list);  return 0;}
#include <string.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>#include "list.h"/* destroy */void destroy(void *data){    printf("in destroy\n");    free(data);    return;}/* main */int main(int argc, char **argv){    ListElmt *elem_ptr = NULL;    int i;    int ret;    int *data = NULL;    /* Create a linked list */    List list_exp;    /* init the list */    printf("\ninit the list:\n");    list_init(&list_exp, destroy);    /* insert the element */    printf("\ncreate a list:\n");    for(i = 0; i < 10; i++ )    {        data = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int));        if( data == NULL )            return -1;        *data = i;        list_ins_next(&list_exp, NULL, (void *)data);    }    /* now the list has 10 element, then traverse and print every element */    elem_ptr = list_exp.head;    for( i = 0; i < 10; i++ )    {        printf("%d ",  *(int *)list_data(elem_ptr) );        elem_ptr = list_next(elem_ptr);    }    printf("\n");    /* Remove the element, its value of the data equal 4,then traverse and print again */    elem_ptr = list_exp.head;    for( i = 0; i < list_size(&list_exp); i++ )    {        if( *(int *)list_data(elem_ptr) == 5 )        {            ret = list_rem_next(&list_exp, elem_ptr, (void **)&data);            if( ret == 0 )            {                destroy(data);            }        }        elem_ptr = list_next(elem_ptr);    }    printf("after remove the element: value = 4\n");    //traverse and print again    elem_ptr = list_exp.head;    for( i = 0; i <list_size(&list_exp); i++ )    {        printf("%d ",  *(int *)list_data(elem_ptr) );        elem_ptr = list_next(elem_ptr);    }    printf("\n\n");    printf("here begin to destroy the list :\n");    //destroy the linked list    list_destroy(&list_exp);    return 0;}

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