我常用的linux命令

从我的vim笔记里摘抄出来的，是我经常用的。

现在加上中文注释，仍未整理

//------Linux查看文件编码方式-----
--find encoding of a file in Unix-------
Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES ~/search
$ file -i *.txt
mei.txt: text/plain; charset=utf-8
tt.txt:  text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
tt2.txt: text/plain; charset=utf-8

//cygwin gvim 默认的编码方式为utf-8
//win7OS 新建文本文档，默认的编码方式为iso-8859-1

在Vim中可以直接查看文件编码
:set fileencoding

To convert the file contents from UTF-8 to ASCII:

iconv -f utf-8 -t ascii [filename]

查看在VIM 中打开所有文件

:ls

for list of open buffers

    :bp previous buffer
    :bn next buffer
    :bn (n a number) move to n'th buffer
    :b <filename-part> with tab-key providing auto-completion (awesome !!)

linux命令强制删除非空目录，不提示：
　　rm -rf 目录名
　　
　　如果目录为空，可以用 “rmdir 目录名”删除。
　　如果目录不为空，可以用“rm -r 目录名”删除。

netstat –apn 查看所有的进程和端口使用情况

直接使用：

netstat   -anp   |   grep  portno

//------------------------------

整个路径（包含子路径）复制

cp -vR web_cas tsgweb  

shift + $  --move to end of line in vim
shift + A  --move to the end of the line and switch to editing mode (Append).
shift + I  --Insert mode at beginning of line

一次创建多层路径
mkdir -p fern/summer/girl

向后查询

backsearch  /

向前查询

forwordsearch ?

显示上下文show context
cat   --sequence
tat   --inverse sequence
head -n filename
tail -n filename

//-------Jump To End Of File Command--------------------------

去到vim文件最后

To move to end of file just type G (press ESC and type capital G):
shift + G   

去到vim文件最前

jump back to beginning of file by typing any one of the following command
1G OR gg

//-------find xxx folders(directory) name only--------------------------

查找包含特定字符的文件夹名

Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES /cygdrive/f
$ find . -type d -name "fer*"
./fernprj
./fernwebsite
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.resources/.projects/fernTest
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.ltk.core.refactoring/.refactorings/fernTest
./workspace/fernTest

//------find current directory all files and folders name contain "fer"-----

查找当前路径下包含特定字符的文件名和文件夹名

Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES /cygdrive/f
$ find . -name "fer*"
./app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/perl/lib/auto/POSIX/ferror.al
./fernprj
./fernwebsite
./fernwebsite/fern00.html
./fernwebsite/fern01.html
./fernwebsite/job/fern01.html
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.resources/.projects/fernTest
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.ltk.core.refactoring/.refactorings/fernTest
./workspace/fernTest

//-----exclude directory from find . command------------------

查找当前路径下包含特定字符的文件名和文件夹名，排除指定路径

Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES /cygdrive/f
$ find . -name "fer*" -not -path "./app/*"
./fernprj
./fernwebsite
./fernwebsite/fern00.html
./fernwebsite/fern01.html
./fernwebsite/job/fern01.html
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.resources/.projects/fernTest
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.ltk.core.refactoring/.refactorings/fernTest
./workspace/fernTest

//-----exclude directories from find . command------------------

查找当前路径下包含特定字符的文件名和文件夹名，排除多个指定路径

Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES /cygdrive/f
$ find . -name "fer*" -not -path "./app/*" -not -path "./workspace/*"
./fernprj
./fernwebsite
./fernwebsite/fern00.html
./fernwebsite/fern01.html
./fernwebsite/job/fern01.html

//-----exclude wilder cat directories from find . command------------------

查找当前路径下包含特定字符的文件名和文件夹名，排除模糊路径

Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES /cygdrive/f
$ find . -name "fer*" -not -path "./fer*"
./app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/perl/lib/auto/POSIX/ferror.al
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.core.resources/.projects/fernTest
./workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.ltk.core.refactoring/.refactorings/fernTest
./workspace/fernTest

//------find current directory all files and folders name contain "fer"--------------
$ find . -name fer\*
./app/Administrator/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/perl/lib/auto/POSIX/ferror.al
./fernprj
./fernwebsite
./fernwebsite/fern00.html
./fernwebsite/fern01.html
./fernwebsite/job/fern01.html

//---try tree on linux----------------

树形结构显示结果，

tree -P "*foo"

可能要先安装tree

sudo apt-get install tree

//----grep string in all subdirectories--------------------

抓取所有子路径中含有特定字符的行

Administrator@WZJACWZHGBMYUES /cygdrive/f/fernprj

$ grep -R "ToJson"

====compress file=================

drwxr-xr-x+ 1 Administrator  None    0 Jul 30 08:05 mytest/
-rw-r--r--  1 Administrator  None 1.7M Jul 30 08:07 mytest.tar.bz2
-rwxr-xr-x  1 Administrator  None 2.9M Jul 30 08:07 mytest.jar*
-rw-r--r--  1 Administrator  None 2.9M Jul 30 08:15 mytest.gz
-------------------
三种压缩文件的方法，.jar   .tar.bz2   .gz
tar -jcv -f mytest.tar.bz2 mytest
ls -lrt
jar cvf mytest.jar mytest
ls -lrt
gzip -cr mytest > mytest.gz
gzip -9 -cr mytest > mytest.gz

tar.bz2查询
$ tar -jtv -f mytest.tar.bz2
$ tar -jtv -f mytest.tar.bz2 |grep xx
jar tvf mytest.jar
jar tvf mytest.jar |grep xx

三种解压
tar -jxv -f mytest.tar.bz2 mytest  //保留原.tar.bz2压缩文档
ls -lrt
mv mytest mytest0
ls -lrt
tar -jxv -f mytest.tar.bz2 mytest
gzip -d mytest.gz    //不保留原.gz压缩文档
jar xvf mytest.jar mytest   //保留原.jar压缩文档