Android中网络传输不同内容

来源：互联网发布：灌鸡汤的网络意思编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/18 01:39

最近在实现向服务器发送数据，遇到一个小问题，Android中发送不同的数据内容的实现方式也不相同。下面解决了传递三种不同信息的三种方式。
1.传输键-值对（key-value）
2.传输自定义对象（Object）
3.传输自定义对象集合（List< Object >）

一、网络传输键值对（key-value）
Android中传递键值对我使用的方式是利用NameValuePair进行传输。这个应该比较基础，是比较传统的Android中网络传输的方式。
要点：将你要传输的键值对利用NameValuePair封装成List集合进行传输。
Android端：

    /**     * 初始化发送的信息     * @return     */    private List<NameValuePair> initMessage() {        List<NameValuePair> message = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();        message.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name","张三"));        message.add(new BasicNameValuePair("passwd", "112233"));        return  message;    }    /**     * 网络传递键值对     * @param content     * @param url     * @return     */    private static String HttpSentList(List<NameValuePair> content,String url){        String result = null;        HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost(url);        try {            HttpEntity httpEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(content,"utf-8");            httpRequest.setEntity(httpEntity);            HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();            HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);            int i = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();            if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){                result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());                return result;            }else{                //tv.setText("request error");            }        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }        return result;    }

服务器端直接通过request对象拿对应key值的value对象即可。
服务器端：

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        //常规传参---键值对        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");         String name = request.getParameter("name");         String passwd = request.getParameter("passwd");            response.setContentType("text/html");            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();            out                    .println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">");            out.println("<HTML>");            out.println("  <HEAD><TITLE>A Servlet</TITLE></HEAD>");            out.println("  <BODY>");            out.print("    This is ");            out.print("姓名："+name+"密码"+passwd);            out.println(", using the GET method");            out.println("  </BODY>");            out.println("</HTML>");            out.flush();            out.close();        System.out.print("姓名："+name+"密码"+passwd);}

2.传输自定义对象（Object）
当网络中需要向服务器传输的是一个自定义对象，这时就不能用NameValuePair实现，需要用到java中学到的一个知识，使用序列化对象使用输入输出流进行传输序列化对象。
要点：
1.将自定义对象序列化
2.Android端和客户端需要都有这个序列化对象，且类名和包名要相同
Android端：

    /*    初始化类对象信息     */    private Object initObjectMessage(){        Book book = new Book();        book.setName("疯狂Android讲义");        book.setAuthor("李刚");        return book;    }    /**     * 网络传输对象流     * @param obj     * @param urlpos     * @return     */    private static String HttpSentObject(Object obj,String urlpos){        String line = "";        URL url = null;        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;        try {            url = new URL(urlpos);            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();            connection.setDoInput(true);            connection.setDoOutput(true);            connection.setConnectTimeout(10000);            connection.setReadTimeout(10000);            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());            oos.writeObject(obj);            InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(read);            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {                Log.d("TAG", "line is " + line);            }            br.close();            connection.disconnect();        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {        }        return line;    }

服务器端：
要点：
1.要有和Android端类名和包名相同的自定义对象。
2.利用输入输出流进行读写。

//对象流-----序列化对象public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {        ObjectInputStream ois = null;           try {                 ois = new ObjectInputStream(request.getInputStream());                 Book book = (Book) ois.readObject();                 System.out.println("书名是： " + book.getName());                 System.out.println("作者是： " + book.getAuthor());                 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();                 out.print("success");                 out.flush();                 out.close();            } catch (Exception e) {                 e.printStackTrace();            } finally {                 ois.close();            }            }

3.传输自定义对象集合。（List< Object >）
当要传输自定义对象的集合时，利用的网络传输方式和二相同，因为
oos.writeObject(obj);这个obj可以为List对象。但需要注意的一点是这其中我们使用的是ArrayList而不知List，至于List和ArrayList的区别自己到网上搜。
Android端：

    private ArrayList<Object> initListObjMessage(){        ArrayList<Object> list = new ArrayList<Object>();        Book book1 = new Book();        book1.setName("疯狂Android讲义");        book1.setAuthor("李刚");        Book book2= new Book();        book2.setName("深入理解Android");        book2.setAuthor("某某");        list.add(book1);        list.add(book2);        return  list;    } private static String HttpSentListObj(ArrayList<Object> obj, String urlpos){        String line = "";        URL url = null;        ObjectOutputStream oos = null;        try {            url = new URL(urlpos);            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();            connection.setDoInput(true);            connection.setDoOutput(true);            connection.setConnectTimeout(10000);            connection.setReadTimeout(10000);            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");            oos = new ObjectOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());            oos.writeObject(obj);            InputStreamReader read = new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream());            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(read);            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {                Log.d("TAG", "line is " + line);            }            br.close();            connection.disconnect();        } catch (Exception e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } finally {        }        return line;    }

服务器端：
和二基本相同

public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)            throws ServletException, IOException {//对象集合        ObjectInputStream ois = null;           try {                 ois = new ObjectInputStream(request.getInputStream());                 List<Book> list = (List<Book>) ois.readObject();                 System.out.println("书名是： " + list.get(0).getName());                 System.out.println("作者是： " + list.get(0).getAuthor());                 System.out.println("书名是： " + list.get(1).getName());                 System.out.println("作者是： " + list.get(1).getAuthor());                 PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();                 out.print("success");                 out.flush();                 out.close();            } catch (Exception e) {                 e.printStackTrace();            } finally {                 ois.close();            }    }

基本就这些了，算是一种总结吧。

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