<1> perl概述

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[root@wx03 1]# cat a1.pl $arr=[1,2,3,4,5,6];print $arr->[4]."\n";$hash={a=>1,b=>2,c=>3};print $hash->{b}."\n";$sub = sub {return "aaaaaaaaa\n"};print $sub;print "\n";print &$sub;print "\n";[root@wx03 1]# perl a1.pl 52CODE(0x251fd20)aaaaaaaaa复杂数据结构:[root@wx03 1]# cat a2.pl $wife{"Jacob"}=["Leah","Rachel","Bilhah","Zilpah"];print $wife{"Jacob"}->[2]."\n";[root@wx03 1]# perl a2.pl Bilhah[root@wx03 1]# cat a3.pl $kids_of_wife{"Jacob"} = {  "Leah" => ["Reuben", "Simeon", "Levi", "Judah", "Issachar", "Zebulun"],  "Rachel" => ["Joseph", "Benjamin"],  "Bilhah" => ["Dan", "Naphtali"],  "Zilpah" => ["Gad", "Asher"],};print $kids_of_wife{"Jacob"}->{Rachel}->[1]."\n";  [root@wx03 1]# perl a3.pl Benjamin[root@wx03 1]# cat t1.pl $var=5;$var .=10;print $var."\n";[root@wx03 1]# perl t1.pl 510///[root@wx03 1]# cat a5.pl %grades;open (GRADES ,test) || die;while (my $line=<GRADES>){my ($student,$grade) = split (/\s+/,$line);$grades{$student} .=$grade ." ";print $grades{$student}."\n";};use Data::Dumper;$str=Dumper(%grades);print "\$str is $str\n";[root@wx03 1]# perl a5.pl 123 123 456 $str is $VAR1 = 'abc';$VAR2 = '123 456 ';[root@wx03 1]# cat test abc 123abc 456perl 中的真值:1.除了""和"0"外,所有字符串都为true;2.除0以外,所有数字都为true;3.所有引用都为true;4. 所有未定义值都为false正则表达式:[root@wx03 1]# cat a7.pl $var1="a:";$var2="aa:";$var3=":";if ($var1 =~/[a-zA-Z]+:/){print "ok1\n"};if ($var2 =~/[a-zA-Z]+:/){print "ok2\n"};if ($var3 =~/[a-zA-Z]+:/){print "ok3\n"};[root@wx03 1]# perl a7.pl ok1ok2[root@wx03 1]# + 是一个特殊字符,表示"我们前面的内容出现一次或多次"[root@wx03 1]# cat a8.pl $var1="a";$var2="a1";if ($var1 =~/a./){print "ok1\n"};if ($var2 =~/a./){print "ok2\n"};[root@wx03 1]# perl a8.pl ok2.号表示任意单个字符[root@wx03 1]# cat a9.pl $var1="a1";$var2="1";$var3="aaa1";if ( $var1 =~ /a*1/ ){print "ok1\n";};if ( $var2 =~ /a*1/ ){print "ok2\n";};if ( $var3 =~ /a*1/ ){print "ok3\n";};[root@wx03 1]# perl a9.pl ok1ok2ok3* 表示前面的项出现0次或多次perl 贪婪匹配:[root@wx03 1]# cat a10.pl $var="larry:abcdffwrwr:ddad:fsffsf34";if ( $var =~/(.+:)/){print "\$1 is $1\n";};if ( $var =~/(.*?:)/){print "\$1 is $1\n";};[root@wx03 1]# perl a10.pl $1 is larry:abcdffwrwr:ddad:$1 is larry:.*? 取消贪婪匹配
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