生产者—消费者模式的两种同步实现

来源：互联网发布：qt网络编程实战源码编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/18 10:00

简要问题描述

一组生产者进程和一组消费者进程共享一个初始为空、大小为n的缓冲区，只有缓冲区没满时，生产者才能把消息放入到缓冲区，否则必须等待；只有缓冲区不空时，消费者才能从中取出消息，否则必须等待。由于缓冲区是临界资源，它只允许一个生产者放入消息，或者一个消费者从中取出消息。

生产者—消费者模式是非常经典的进程同步问题，我目前具体的两个简单实现为临界区（CriticalSection）同步和互斥（Mutex）同步，具体两者之间有何区别，可以参考负责任的链接，hhh~

Version1：

#include<windows.h>#include<iostream>#include<process.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include<time.h> using namespace std; const unsigned short Size = 10; // 缓冲区长度 unsigned short curValue = 0; // 当前产品数bool g_continue = true;  // 控制程序结束 ：true（运行）；false（结束） CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs; //临界区  HANDLE g_hFullSemaphore; //当缓冲区满时迫使生产者等待HANDLE g_hEmptySemaphore; //当缓冲区空时迫使消费者等待DWORD WINAPI Producer(LPVOID); //生产者线程DWORD WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID); //消费者线程int main() {    InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);  // 初始化临界区     g_hFullSemaphore = CreateSemaphore(NULL,Size-1,Size-1,NULL);    g_hEmptySemaphore = CreateSemaphore(NULL,0,Size-1,NULL);            //创建生产者线程     srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) );    int t1 = rand()%(Size+1);    for (int i = 0; i < t1; i++) {        HANDLE producer = CreateThread(NULL,0,Producer,NULL,0,NULL);}//创建消费者线程 srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) );int t2 = rand()%(Size+1);for (int i = 0; i < t2; i++) {HANDLE consumer = CreateThread(NULL,0,Consumer,NULL,0,NULL);}        while(g_continue){        if(getchar()) g_continue = false;   //按回车后终止程序运行    }    return 0;}void Produce() {if (curValue == 10) return;cout << "生产之前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;curValue++;cout << "Produce Succeed" << endl;cout << "当前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;cout << endl; }void Consume() {if (curValue == 0) return;cout << "消费之前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;curValue--;cout << "Consume Succeed" << endl;cout << "当前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;cout << endl; }//生产者DWORD WINAPI Producer(LPVOID lpPara) {    while(g_continue){        WaitForSingleObject(g_hFullSemaphore,INFINITE);        EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);        Produce();        Sleep(1000);        LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);        ReleaseSemaphore(g_hEmptySemaphore,1,NULL);    }    return 0;}//消费者DWORD WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID lpPara) {    while(g_continue){        WaitForSingleObject(g_hEmptySemaphore,INFINITE);        EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);        Consume();        Sleep(1000);        LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);         ReleaseSemaphore(g_hFullSemaphore,1,NULL);    }    return 0;}

Version2：

#include<windows.h>#include<iostream>#include<stdlib.h>#include<time.h> using namespace std; const unsigned short Size = 10; // 缓冲区长度 unsigned short curValue = 0; // 当前产品数bool g_continue = true;  // 控制程序结束：true（运行）；false（结束） HANDLE g_hMutex; //用于线程间的互斥HANDLE g_hFullSemaphore; //当缓冲区满时迫使生产者等待HANDLE g_hEmptySemaphore; //当缓冲区空时迫使消费者等待DWORD WINAPI Producer(LPVOID); //生产者线程DWORD WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID); //消费者线程int main() {//创建各个互斥信号    g_hMutex = CreateMutex(NULL,FALSE,NULL);    g_hFullSemaphore = CreateSemaphore(NULL,Size-1,Size-1,NULL);    g_hEmptySemaphore = CreateSemaphore(NULL,0,Size-1,NULL);        //创建生产者线程     srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) );    int t1 = rand()%(Size+1);    for (int i = 0; i < t1; i++) {        HANDLE producer = CreateThread(NULL,0,Producer,NULL,0,NULL);}//创建消费者线程 srand( (unsigned)time( NULL ) );int t2 = rand()%(Size+1);for (int i = 0; i < t2; i++) {HANDLE consumer = CreateThread(NULL,0,Consumer,NULL,0,NULL);}        while(g_continue){        if(getchar()) g_continue = false;   //按回车后终止程序运行    }    return 0;}void Produce() {if (curValue == 10) return;cout << "生产之前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;curValue++;cout << "Produce Succeed" << endl;cout << "当前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;cout << endl; }void Consume() {if (curValue == 0) return;cout << "消费之前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;curValue--;cout << "Consume Succeed" << endl;cout << "当前产品数为：" << curValue << endl;cout << endl; }//生产者DWORD WINAPI Producer(LPVOID lpPara) {    while(g_continue){        WaitForSingleObject(g_hFullSemaphore,INFINITE);        WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex,INFINITE);        Produce();        Sleep(1000);        ReleaseMutex(g_hMutex);        ReleaseSemaphore(g_hEmptySemaphore,1,NULL);    }    return 0;}//消费者DWORD WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID lpPara) {    while(g_continue){        WaitForSingleObject(g_hEmptySemaphore,INFINITE);        WaitForSingleObject(g_hMutex,INFINITE);        Consume();        Sleep(1000);        ReleaseMutex(g_hMutex);        ReleaseSemaphore(g_hFullSemaphore,1,NULL);    }    return 0;}

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