JAVA生成XML

DOM方式：

package DomTest;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;import org.w3c.dom.Document;import org.w3c.dom.Element;import org.w3c.dom.NamedNodeMap;import org.w3c.dom.Node;import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;public class DOMTest {    /***     * 生成XML     */    public void creatXML(){        DocumentBuilder db=getDocumentBuilder();        Document document=db.newDocument();        document.setXmlStandalone(true);//设置XML的standalone属性        //创建根节点        Element bookstore= document.createElement("bookStore");        //添加子节点book        Element book=document.createElement("book");        //添加子节点name        Element name=document.createElement("name");        book.appendChild(name);        //添加子节点内容        name.setTextContent("人猿泰山");        book.setAttribute("id", "1");        //将book子节点添加到bookstore中        bookstore.appendChild(book);        //将bookstore节点（已包含book）添加到dom数中        document.appendChild(bookstore);        //        TransformerFactory tff=TransformerFactory.newInstance();        try {            Transformer tf=tff.newTransformer();            //让DOM树输出过程中正常换行            tf.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");            tf.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new File("books1.xml")));        } catch (TransformerException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public static DocumentBuilder getDocumentBuilder(){        // 创建一个DocumentBuilderFactory对象        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();        // 创建DocumentBuilder对象        DocumentBuilder db=null;        try {            db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }           return db;    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        // 创建一个DocumentBuilder的对象        try {            // 通过DocumentBuilder对象的parse方法加载books.xml文件            // 到当前项目下            Document document = getDocumentBuilder().parse("books.xml");            // 获取所有book节点的集合            NodeList bookList = document.getElementsByTagName("book");            //通过nodeList的getLength（）方法获取bookLIst的长度            System.out.println("一共有："+bookList.getLength()+"本书");            //便利各个book节点            for (int i = 0; i < bookList.getLength(); i++) {                System.out.println("++++++++++++开始遍历第"+(i+1)+"本书+++++++++++");                //方式一，不知道有多少节点，通过循环来遍历所有节点。                //通过 item(i)获取一个book节点，nodeList                Node book=bookList.item(i);                //获取book的属性的集合                NamedNodeMap attrs=book.getAttributes();                System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"本书共有"+attrs.getLength()+"个属性");                //便利book的属性                for (int j = 0; j < attrs.getLength(); j++) {                    //通过item（）方法获取book节点的某一个属性                    Node attr=attrs.item(j);                    //获取属性名                    System.out.println("属性名："+attr.getNodeName());                    //获取属性值                    System.out.println("属性值："+attr.getNodeValue());                }//              //方式二，知道有且只有一个节点。并且知道属性的名称为“id”//              //强制类型转换将book节点类型转换为Element类型//              Element book =(Element) bookList.item(i);//              //              //通过getAttribute（“id”）方法获取到属性的值//              String attrValue=book.getAttribute("id");//              System.out.println("id的属性的属性值为"+attrValue);                //解析book节点的子节点,需要用到方式一中创建的book对象                //获取子节点的集合                NodeList childNodes=book.getChildNodes();                //遍历childNodes获取每个子节点的节点名和节点值                System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"本书共有"+childNodes.getLength()+"个子节点");                //循环遍历                for (int j = 0; j < childNodes.getLength(); j++) {                    //区分text类型的node和element类型的node                    if(childNodes.item(j).getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE){                        //输出了element类型节点的节点名                        System.out.println("第"+(j+1)+"个节点名："+childNodes.item(j).getNodeName());                        //输出element类型节点的节点值                        //需先获取当前节点的首个子节点，否则获取的是《name》标签的值NULL                        //方式一：如果<name>节点下有多个子节点，此方法只输出确定的某个子节点的值                        //同样要注意，<name>节点的第一个子节点的值是第一子节点的类型的值，还是NULL                        System.out.println("节点值为："+childNodes.item(j).getFirstChild()                                .getNodeValue());                        //方式二：如果<name>节点下有多个子节点，此方法输出所有子节点的text                        System.out.println(childNodes.item(j).getTextContent());                    }                }                System.out.println("++++++++++++结束遍历第"+(i+1)+"本书++++++++++++");            }        } catch (SAXException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }         DOMTest test=new DOMTest();        test.creatXML();    }}

SAX方式：
使用SAX解析时创建的SAXParserHandler.java

package test;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;import javax.xml.transform.Result;import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;import javax.xml.transform.sax.SAXTransformerFactory;import javax.xml.transform.sax.TransformerHandler;import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;import org.xml.sax.helpers.AttributesImpl;import test2.SAXParserHandler;import test3.Book;public class SAXTest {    public ArrayList<Book> parseXML(){        // 通过SAXParseFactory的静态newInstance（）        //方法获取SAXParseFactory实例factory        SAXParserFactory factory=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();        SAXParserHandler handler=null;        //通过SAXParserFactory实例的newSAXParser（）        //方法返回SAXParse实例parser        try {            SAXParser parser= factory.newSAXParser();            //创建SAXParserHandler对象            handler=new SAXParserHandler();                     parser.parse("books.xml", handler);            System.out.println("书的数量："+handler.getBookList().size());            for(Book book: handler.getBookList()){                System.out.println(book.getId());                System.out.println(book.getName());                System.out.println(book.getAuthor());                System.out.println(book.getPrice());                System.out.println(book.getYear());                System.out.println("-------------");            }        } catch (IOException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                e.printStackTrace();                    } catch (ParserConfigurationException | SAXException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }        return handler.getBookList();           }    public void createXML(){        ArrayList<Book> bookList=parseXML();        //生成XML        //1、创建一个TransformFacroty对象        SAXTransformerFactory tff=(SAXTransformerFactory)                 SAXTransformerFactory.newInstance();        try {            //2、通过SAXTransformerFactory对象创建一个TransformerHandler对象            TransformerHandler handler=tff.newTransformerHandler();            //3、通过handler对象创建一个Transformer对象            Transformer tr=handler.getTransformer();            //4、通过Transformer对象对生成的XML文件进行设置            //设置XML编码            tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");            //设置换行            tr.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");            //5、创建一个Result对象            File f=new File("src/newbooks.xml");            if(!f.exists()){                f.createNewFile();            }            Result result=new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream(f));            //6、创建result对象并使其与handler关联            handler.setResult(result);            //7、使用handler对象进行XML文件的编写            //打开document            handler.startDocument();            AttributesImpl attr=new AttributesImpl();             //开始标签            handler.startElement("", "", "bookstore", attr);            for(Book book:bookList){                attr.clear();                attr.addAttribute("", "", "id", "", book.getId());                handler.startElement("", "", "book", attr);                attr.clear();                //创建name节点                handler.startElement("", "", "name", attr);                handler.characters(book.getName().toCharArray(),                        0, book.getName().length());                handler.endElement("", "", "name");                //创建author节点                attr.clear();                handler.startElement("", "", "author", attr);                handler.characters(book.getAuthor().toCharArray(),                        0, book.getAuthor().length());                handler.endElement("", "", "author");                //创建price节点                attr.clear();                handler.startElement("", "", "price", attr);                handler.characters(book.getPrice().toCharArray(),                        0, book.getPrice().length());                handler.endElement("", "", "price");                //创建year节点                //判断当有此节点时才进行创建操作                if(book.getYear()!=null&&!book.getYear().trim().equals("")){                    attr.clear();                    handler.startElement("", "", "year", attr);                    handler.characters(book.getYear().toCharArray(),                            0, book.getYear().length());                    handler.endElement("", "", "year");                }                handler.endElement("", "", "book");            }            //结束标签            handler.endElement("", "", "bookstore");            //关闭document            handler.endDocument();        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException | IOException | SAXException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public static void main(String[] args) {        SAXTest test=new SAXTest();        test.createXML();    }}

DOM4J方式：
RSS就是一个特殊格式的XML

package Dom4jTest;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import org.dom4j.Attribute;import org.dom4j.Document;import org.dom4j.DocumentException;import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;import org.dom4j.Element;import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;public class DOM4JTest {    public static void main(String[] args) {        new DOM4JTest().createXML();    }    public void parseXML() {        // TODO Auto-generated method stub        // 创建SAXReader对象        SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();        // 通过reader对象read 方法加载book.xml        try {            Document document = reader.read(new File("src/res/books.xml"));            // 通过document对象获取根节点bookstore            Element bookStore = document.getRootElement();            // 通过element对象的elementIterator方法获取迭代器            Iterator it = bookStore.elementIterator();            // 遍历迭代器，获取根节点中的信息            while (it.hasNext()) {                System.out.println("开始遍历一本书");                Element book = (Element) it.next();                // 获取book的属性名和属性值                List<Attribute> bookAttrs = book.attributes();                for (Attribute attr : bookAttrs) {                    System.out.println("属性名：" + attr.getName() + "\t属性值：" + attr.getValue());                }                Iterator itt = book.elementIterator();                while (itt.hasNext()) {                    Element bookChild = (Element) itt.next();                    System.out.println("节点名：" + bookChild.getName() + "\t节点值：" + bookChild.getStringValue());                }                System.out.println("结束遍历一本书" + "\n");            }        } catch (DocumentException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public void createXML(){        //1、创建Document对象，代表整个XML        Document document=DocumentHelper.createDocument();        //2、创建根节点        Element rss=document.addElement("rss");        //3、向rss节点中添加version属性        rss.addAttribute("version", "2.0");        //4、生成子节点及内容        Element channel=rss.addElement("channel");        Element title=channel.addElement("title");        title.setText("新闻资讯");        //设置换行        OutputFormat format=OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();        format.setEncoding("UTF-8");        //5、生成XML文件        File file=new File("rssnews.xml");        XMLWriter writer;        try {            writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream(file),format);            //设置是否转义，默认是true进行转义            writer.setEscapeText(false);            writer.write(document);            writer.close();        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e1.printStackTrace();        } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e1.printStackTrace();        }catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

JDOM方式：

package test;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import org.jdom2.Attribute;import org.jdom2.Document;import org.jdom2.Element;import org.jdom2.JDOMException;import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder;import org.jdom2.output.Format;import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;import test3.Book;public class JDOMTest {    private static ArrayList<Book> booksList = new ArrayList<Book>();    public static void main(String[] args) {        new JDOMTest().createXML();    }    public void parserXML() {        // JDOM解析XML文件        // 创建一个SAXBuilder对象        SAXBuilder saxbuilder = new SAXBuilder();        InputStream in;        try {            // 创建一个输入流，将xml文件加载到流中            in = new FileInputStream("src/res/books.xml");            // InputStreamReader ins=new InputStreamReader(in,"UTF-8");            // 通过saxbuilder的build方法将输入流加载到saxbuilder中            Document document = saxbuilder.build(in);            // 通过document对象获取xml文件的根节点            Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();            // 获取根节点下的子节点的集合            List<Element> bookList = rootElement.getChildren();            // 使用foreach循环解析            for (Element book : bookList) {                Book bookEntity = new Book();                System.out.println("开始解析第" + (bookList.indexOf(book) + 1) + "本书============");                // 解析book的属性                List<Attribute> attrList = book.getAttributes();                // //知道节点属性名                // book.getAttribute("id");                // 针对不清楚book节点下属性名和数量的情况                // 遍历attrList                for (Attribute attr : attrList) {                    // 获取属性名和属性值                    String attrName = attr.getName();                    String attrValue = attr.getValue();                    System.out.println("属性名：" + attrName + "\t属性值：" + attrValue);                    // 存储book节点                    if (attrName.equals("id")) {                        bookEntity.setId(attrValue);                    }                }                // 对book节点的子节点的节点名和节点值进行遍历                List<Element> bookChilds = book.getChildren();                for (Element child : bookChilds) {                    System.out.println("节点名：" + child.getName() + "\t节点值：" + child.getValue());                    // 存储子节点名                    if (child.getName().equals("name")) {                        bookEntity.setName(child.getValue());                    } else if (child.getName().equals("author")) {                        bookEntity.setAuthor(child.getValue());                    } else if (child.getName().equals("year")) {                        bookEntity.setYear(child.getValue());                    } else if (child.getName().equals("price")) {                        bookEntity.setPrice(child.getValue());                    }                }                System.out.println("结束解析第" + (bookList.indexOf(book) + 1) + "本书============");                // 添加booksList集合对象                booksList.add(bookEntity);                bookEntity = null;                System.out.println(booksList.size());                System.out.println(booksList.get(0).getId());                System.out.println(booksList.get(0).getName());            }        } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e1.printStackTrace();        } catch (JDOMException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }    public void createXML(){        //1、生成一个根节点        Element rss=new Element("rss");        rss.setAttribute("version","2.0");//添加节点属性        //2、生成一个document对象        Document document=new Document(rss);        Element channel=new Element("channel");        rss.addContent(channel);        Element title=new Element("title");        title.setText("ceshiceshi测试");        channel.addContent(title);        Format format=Format.getCompactFormat();        format.setIndent("");        format.setEncoding("GBK");        //创建XMLOutputter对象        XMLOutputter outputer=new XMLOutputter(format);        try {            outputer.output(document, new FileOutputStream(new File("rssnews")));        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

生成方式对比
DOM 基于树结构，始终在内存中，方便增删改操作
SAX基于事件
JDOM 基于底层API
DOM4J基于底层API