1 server - n clients 模型实现（select）
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拓扑结构：
各个客户端创建读写管道，通过“上下线信息管道”向服务器发送上下线信息和读写管道名称。服务器接受信息，修改链表（存储客户端信息）。客户端、服务器打开读写管道，服务器通过“W”管道接收从客户端发来的信息，在根据链表同个其他各个“R”管道向其他客户端发送信息。
具体流程：
1、建立上下线信息管道
服务器：
1 mkfifo(path_name, 0666);// 创建管道 —— 专用于接收客户端上下线信息 2 3 printf("mkfifo over!\n"); 4 5 fd_listen = open(path_name, O_RDONLY); 6 if(fd_listen == -1) 7 { 8 printf("open server_fifo fail!\n"); 9 exit(1);10 }
客户端：
1 //打开上下线管道 2 int fd_server ; 3 char path_name[128]=""; 4 char fifo_name[128] ; 5 char msg[1024] ="" ; 6 char fifo1[128], fifo2[128] ; 7 int fd_recv, fd_send ; 8 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, PIPE_NAME); 9 10 fd_server = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);11 if(fd_server == -1)12 {13 printf("open fail!\n");14 exit(1) ;15 }
2、客户端建立读写管道
// 建造读写管道 pid_r.fifo pid_w.fifo // memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid()); memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); strcpy(fifo1, path_name); if(-1 == mkfifo(path_name, 0666) ) { printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name); exit(1) ; } printf("%s open\n", path_name); memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid()); memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); strcpy(fifo2, path_name); if(mkfifo(path_name, 0666) == -1 ) { printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name); exit(1) ; } printf("%s open\n", path_name); printf("mkfifo over!\n");
3、上线处理
客户端发送上线信息：
1 //发送上线信息2 sprintf(msg, "%u on\n", getpid());3 printf("msg: %s\n", msg);4 write(fd_server, msg, strlen(msg));
服务器监听到后处理：
1 // 读写是针对客户端而言的： pid_r.fifo(c_r - s_w) pid_w.fifo(c_w - s_r) 2 printf("client: %d on\n", client_pid); 3 //pid_r.fifo s_w 4 //构建管道名字符串 5 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128) ; 6 sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_r.fifo", client_pid); 7 memset(path_name, 0, 128) ; 8 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 9 10 //新增链表节点11 pnew = (pCLIENT)calloc(1, sizeof(CLIENT));12 pnew ->m_id = client_pid ;13 printf("pid_r.fifo: %s\n", path_name);14 pnew ->m_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);15 printf("send_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_send);16 17 //打开“W”管道 pid_w.fifo s_r18 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128) ;19 sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_w.fifo", client_pid);20 memset(path_name, 0, 128) ;21 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name);22 23 24 printf("pid_w.fifo: %s\n", path_name);25 pnew ->m_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY);26 printf("recv_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_recv);27 printf("open client fifo: %d, %d\n", pnew ->m_send, pnew ->m_recv);28 29 30 FD_SET(pnew ->m_recv, &rd_sets);//把pid_w.fifo 句柄 加到读集合中去 主要：更新的是读集合，而不是副本集合31 32 pnew ->m_next = plist ; //插入链表33 plist = pnew ;
客户端也打开管道：
1 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); 2 sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid()); 3 memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); 4 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 5 6 fd_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY); 7 8 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); 9 sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid());10 memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name));11 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name);12 13 fd_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY);14 15 printf("fifo open %d %d\n", fd_send, fd_recv);
4、客户端、服务器对通信信息处理
客户端监听到键盘的输入信息，则转发给服务器：
1 if(FD_ISSET(0, &rd_sets))2 {3 memset(msg, 0, sizeof(msg)) ;4 sprintf(msg, "from %u: ", getpid());5 write(fd_send, msg, strlen(msg));6 7 }
客户端监听服务器发来的信息，并打印：
1 if(FD_ISSET(fd_recv, &rd_sets))2 {3 memset(msg, 0, sizeof(msg)) ;4 read(fd_recv, msg, 1024);5 write(1, msg, strlen(msg)); 6 }
服务器监听到客户端发来的信息，根据链表内客户端的信息，进行转发：
1 //2、遍历链表，监听其他的管道文件（用于服务器和客户端通信）句柄 2 pcur = plist ; 3 while(pcur) 4 { 5 if(FD_ISSET(pcur ->m_recv, &bak_sets))// translate 6 { 7 memset(msg, 0, 1024); 8 read(pcur -> m_recv, msg, 1024); 9 10 dispatch_msg(plist,pcur, msg);11 }12 pcur = pcur ->m_next ;13 }
1 void dispatch_msg(pCLIENT phead,pCLIENT pcur, char* msg)2 {3 while(phead)4 {5 if(phead!=pcur)6 write(phead ->m_send, msg, strlen(msg));7 phead = phead ->m_next ;8 }9 }
完整代码
server：
1 #include<stdio.h> 2 #include<stdlib.h> 3 #include<string.h> 4 #include<unistd.h> 5 #include<sys/stat.h> 6 #include<sys/types.h> 7 #include<fcntl.h> 8 #include<sys/select.h> 9 #include<sys/time.h> 10 #define PIPE_PATH "/home/soso/Desktop/2-17/FIFO" 11 #define PIPE_NAME "server.fifo" 12 typedef struct tag 13 { 14 int m_id ; 15 int m_send; 16 int m_recv; 17 struct tag* m_next ; 18 }CLIENT, *pCLIENT; 19 20 21 void dispatch_msg(pCLIENT phead,pCLIENT pcur, char* msg) 22 { 23 while(phead) 24 { 25 if(phead!=pcur) 26 write(phead ->m_send, msg, strlen(msg)); 27 phead = phead ->m_next ; 28 } 29 } 30 31 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) 32 { 33 int fd_listen ; //文件句柄 34 char path_name[128] = "" ; 35 char fifo_name[128] ; 36 char msg[1024]; 37 38 char client_stat[5] = "";//客户端状态 39 int client_pid ; // 客户端进程ID 40 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, PIPE_NAME);//路径名 = 路径/管道名 41 42 mkfifo(path_name, 0666);// 创建管道 —— 专用于接收客户端上下线信息 43 44 printf("mkfifo over!\n"); 45 46 fd_listen = open(path_name, O_RDONLY); 47 if(fd_listen == -1) 48 { 49 printf("open server_fifo fail!\n"); 50 exit(1); 51 } 52 53 54 pCLIENT plist = NULL, pcur, pnew, ppre ; 55 56 fd_set rd_sets, bak_sets; //读集合 和 备份读集合 57 FD_ZERO(&rd_sets);//初始化清空 58 FD_ZERO(&bak_sets); 59 FD_SET(fd_listen, &rd_sets); //将fd_listen句柄 加入到 读集合 60 while(1) 61 { 62 bak_sets = rd_sets ;//每次循环更新副本集合 63 printf("selecting...\n"); 64 select(1024, &bak_sets, NULL, NULL, NULL);//监听集合 65 66 //1、监听fd_listen 管道文件句柄（专用于服务器接收客户端上下线信息） 67 if(FD_ISSET(fd_listen, &bak_sets)) //若监听到 fd_listen 68 { 69 memset(msg,0, 1024); 70 if( read(fd_listen, msg, 1024) == 0 ) //读取管道信息；但没有客户端 write的时候，read的返回值是0 71 { 72 printf("no clients!\n"); 73 continue ; 74 } 75 76 memset(client_stat, 0, sizeof(client_stat)); 77 sscanf(msg, "%d%s", &client_pid, client_stat);//信息格式：“client_pid client_stat\n” 78 if(strncmp("on", client_stat, 2) == 0)//client on"pid on\n" 79 {// 读写是针对客户端而言的： pid_r.fifo(c_r - s_w) pid_w.fifo(c_w - s_r) 80 printf("client: %d on\n", client_pid); 81 //pid_r.fifo s_w 82 //构建管道名字符串 83 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128) ; 84 sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_r.fifo", client_pid); 85 memset(path_name, 0, 128) ; 86 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 87 88 //新增链表节点 89 pnew = (pCLIENT)calloc(1, sizeof(CLIENT)); 90 pnew ->m_id = client_pid ; 91 printf("pid_r.fifo: %s\n", path_name); 92 pnew ->m_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY); 93 printf("send_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_send); 94 95 //pid_w.fifo s_r 96 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128) ; 97 sprintf(fifo_name, "%d_w.fifo", client_pid); 98 memset(path_name, 0, 128) ; 99 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name);100 101 102 printf("pid_w.fifo: %s\n", path_name);103 pnew ->m_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY);104 printf("recv_fd: %d\n", pnew ->m_recv);105 printf("open client fifo: %d, %d\n", pnew ->m_send, pnew ->m_recv);106 107 108 FD_SET(pnew ->m_recv, &rd_sets);//把pid_w.fifo 句柄 加到读集合中去 主要：更新的是读集合，而不是副本集合109 110 pnew ->m_next = plist ; //插入链表111 plist = pnew ;112 113 }else//client off "pid off\n"114 {115 printf("client: %d off\n", client_pid);116 ppre = NULL ;//前驱指针117 pcur = plist ;118 while(pcur && pcur ->m_id != client_pid) //遍历到该客户端PID119 {120 ppre = pcur ;121 pcur = pcur ->m_next ;122 }123 124 125 if(pcur == NULL)126 {127 printf("not exist!\n");128 continue ;129 }else130 {131 //删除节点132 if(ppre == NULL) 133 {134 plist = pcur ->m_next ;135 }else136 {137 ppre ->m_next = pcur ->m_next ;138 }139 140 //关闭文件141 close(pcur ->m_send) ;142 close(pcur ->m_recv) ;143 144 //把 pcur ->m_recv 从读集合中删除145 FD_CLR(pcur ->m_recv, &rd_sets); 146 147 free(pcur); //释放内存148 printf("clear ok !\n");149 150 }151 }152 }153 154 //2、遍历链表，监听其他的管道文件（用于服务器和客户端通信）句柄155 pcur = plist ;156 while(pcur)157 {158 if(FD_ISSET(pcur ->m_recv, &bak_sets))// translate159 {160 memset(msg, 0, 1024);161 read(pcur -> m_recv, msg, 1024);162 163 dispatch_msg(plist,pcur, msg);164 }165 pcur = pcur ->m_next ;166 }167 }168 return 0 ;169 }
client：
1 #include<stdio.h> 2 #include<stdlib.h> 3 #include<string.h> 4 #include<unistd.h> 5 #include<sys/stat.h> 6 #include<sys/types.h> 7 #include<fcntl.h> 8 #include<sys/select.h> 9 #include<sys/time.h> 10 #define PIPE_PATH "/home/soso/Desktop/2-17/FIFO" 11 #define PIPE_NAME "server.fifo" 12 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) 13 { 14 //1、向服务器通知上线下线信息 15 16 //打开上下线管道 17 int fd_server ; 18 char path_name[128]=""; 19 char fifo_name[128] ; 20 char msg[1024] ="" ; 21 char fifo1[128], fifo2[128] ; 22 int fd_recv, fd_send ; 23 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, PIPE_NAME); 24 25 fd_server = open(path_name, O_WRONLY); 26 if(fd_server == -1) 27 { 28 printf("open fail!\n"); 29 exit(1) ; 30 } 31 32 33 34 // 建造读写管道 pid_r.fifo pid_w.fifo 35 // 36 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); 37 sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid()); 38 memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); 39 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 40 41 strcpy(fifo1, path_name); 42 if(-1 == mkfifo(path_name, 0666) ) 43 { 44 printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name); 45 exit(1) ; 46 } 47 48 printf("%s open\n", path_name); 49 50 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); 51 sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid()); 52 memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); 53 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 54 55 strcpy(fifo2, path_name); 56 if(mkfifo(path_name, 0666) == -1 ) 57 { 58 59 printf("mkfif fail: %s\n", path_name); 60 exit(1) ; 61 } 62 printf("%s open\n", path_name); 63 64 printf("mkfifo over!\n"); 65 66 67 //发送上线信息 68 sprintf(msg, "%u on\n", getpid()); 69 printf("msg: %s\n", msg); 70 71 write(fd_server, msg, strlen(msg)); 72 73 // 74 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); 75 sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_r.fifo", getpid()); 76 memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); 77 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 78 79 fd_recv = open(path_name, O_RDONLY); 80 81 memset(fifo_name, 0, 128); 82 sprintf(fifo_name, "%u_w.fifo", getpid()); 83 memset(path_name, 0, sizeof(path_name)); 84 sprintf(path_name, "%s/%s", PIPE_PATH, fifo_name); 85 86 fd_send = open(path_name, O_WRONLY); 87 88 printf("fifo open %d %d\n", fd_send, fd_recv); 89 90 fd_set rd_sets ; 91 FD_ZERO(&rd_sets); 92 while(1) 93 { 94 FD_SET(0, &rd_sets); 95 FD_SET(fd_recv, &rd_sets); 96 97 select(1024, &rd_sets, NULL, NULL, NULL); 98 99 if(FD_ISSET(0, &rd_sets))100 {101 memset(msg, 0, sizeof(msg)) ;102 sprintf(msg, "from %u: ", getpid());103 if(read(0, msg + strlen(msg), 1024 - strlen(msg) ) == 0)104 {105 printf("off!\n");106 memset(msg, 0, sizeof(msg));107 sprintf(msg, "%d off\n", getpid());108 write(fd_server, msg, strlen(msg));109 110 close(fd_send);111 close(fd_recv);112 113 unlink(fifo1);114 unlink(fifo2);115 break ;116 }117 write(fd_send, msg, strlen(msg));118 119 }120 if(FD_ISSET(fd_recv, &rd_sets))121 {122 memset(msg, 0, sizeof(msg)) ;123 read(fd_recv, msg, 1024);124 write(1, msg, strlen(msg)); 125 }126 }127 }
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