LAMP环境搭建

简介

本文简述LAMP环境搭建，便于我们日后搭建测试环境及生产环境。

编译安装mysql

1.安装依赖并添加mysql用户

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel cmake unzipuseradd mysql

2.创建mysql安装目录及数据目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysqlmkdir -p /data/mysql/datamkdir -p /data/mysql/logs

3.修改mysql目录所有者和组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysqlchown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql 

4.编译安装

tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.22.tar.gzcd mysql-5.6.22#从mysql5.5起，mysql源码安装开始使用cmake了,设置编译参数 cmake \-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock \-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data \-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306make && make install

注：重新运行配置，需要删除CMakeCache.txt文件

5.初始化配置

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

6.复制mysql服务启动配置文件

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

7.复制mysql服务启动脚本及加入PATH路径

#拷贝服务脚本到init.d目录cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld   #编辑/etc/profile文件，vim /etc/profile  #在文件末尾添加  PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH  export PATH#关闭文件，运行下面的命令，让配置立即生效  source /etc/profile

8.启动mysql服务并设置开机启动

service mysqld startchkconfig --level 35 mysqld on检查mysql服务是否启动netstat -tulnp | grep 3306

若启动正常，则登录测试mysql -u root -p
密码为空，如果能登陆上，则安装成功。
9.设置密码及访问权限

grant all privileges on *.* to ‘test’@'10.10.10.58' identified by ‘test’;set password for root@localhost = password('test');flush privileges;

安装apache

1.安装apr-1.5.0

tar -zxvf apr-1.5.0.tar.gz ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/aprmake && make install

2.安装apr-util-1.5.3

tar -zxvf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.gz ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/aprmake && make install    

3.安装pcre-8.36

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcremake && make install

4.安装apache

tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.7.tar.gz ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre --enable-modules=mall --enable-rewrite --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event --enable-v4-mapped --enable-somake && make install

5.启动apache并检查

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k startnetstat -ntlp |grep :80

若端口存在，说明明apache服务安装并启动成功。

安装php

1.安装依赖

yum install -y libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel openssl-devel libcurl-develrpm -ivh libmcrypt-2.5.7-1.2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm rpm -ivh libmcrypt-devel-2.5.7-1.2.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm

2.安装php

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-openssl --with-mcrypt --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir --enable-xml --with-freetype-dir --with-curl --enable-sockets --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-mysql --with-mysqli --with-pdo-mysql --with-mbstring --enable-mbstring --with-gdmake && make install

注意：若无–with-mbstring –enable-mbstring –with-gd，否则需要在后面php扩展中安装。
安装完毕后，需要复制php.ini配置文件

cp /usr/local/src/php/php-5.4.22/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

另，apahce运行php，需要在/usr/local/apache/conf/http.conf中添加以下几行，才能使apache正常运行php程序：

LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.soAddType application/x-httpd-php .phpAddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

3.安装php扩展模块

(1)安装mongodb扩展

tar -zxvf mongo-1.2.10.tgzcd mongo-1.2.10/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make && make install

在/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini配置添加extension=mongo.so

检查php及扩展是否成功,在/usr/local/apache/htdoc下添加phpinfo.php文件

vim phpinfo.php<?phpphpinfo();?>

重启apache后访问ip/phpinfo.php,若出现php信息界面并能查看到安装的相关扩展模块，则说明php及扩展模块安装成功。

修改php时区

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.inidate.timezone = PRCdate.timezone = "Asia/Shanghai"

(2)memcached及memcached扩展
a.安装memcached扩展

tar -zxvf libmemcached-1.0.18.tar.tarcd libmemcached-1.0.18./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmemcached --with-memcachedmake && make installtar -zxvf memcached-2.2.0.tgzcd memcached-2.2.0/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-memcached --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-libmemcached-dir=/usr/local/libmemcached --disable-memcached-saslmake && make install

b.安装memcached

tar -zxvf libevent-2.0.22-stable.tar.gz./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libeventMake && make installtar -zxvf memcached-1.4.22.tar.gzcd memcached-1.4.22./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr/local/libevent  make && make install

(3)安装eaccelerator扩展

tar -zxvf eaccelerator-eaccelerator-42067ac.tar.gz/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmake && make installmkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cachechmod –R 777 /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache#修改配置文件php.iniextension=eaccelerator.soeaccelerator.shm_size="64"eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"eaccelerator.enable="1"eaccelerator.optimizer="1"eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"eaccelerator.debug="0"eaccelerator.filter="!*.yml.php"eaccelerator.shm_max="0"eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"eaccelerator.shm_only="0"eaccelerator.compress="1"eaccelerator.compress_level="9"eaccelerator.allowed_admin_path = "/web/test"

(4)安装soap扩展

cd /usr/local/src/php/php-5.4.22/ext/soap/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --enable-soap  --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmake && make install#修改配置文件php.iniextension=soap.so

(5)安装gd扩展

cd /usr/local/src/php/php-5.4.22/ext/gd//usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-gd -with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configmake && make install#修改配置文件php.iniextension=gd.so

(6)安装mbstring扩展

cd /usr/local/src/php/php-5.4.22/ext/mbstring//usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configMake && make install#修改配置文件php.iniExtension=mbstring.so

(7)安装exif扩展

cd /usr/local/src/php/php-5.4.22/ext/exif/usr/local/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-configMake && make install#修改配置文件php.iniExtension=exif.so

(8)安装memcache扩展

tar –zxvf memcache-2.2.7.tazcd memcache/usr/loca/php/bin/phpize./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config ---enable-memcachemake && make install#修改配置文件php.iniExtension=memcache.so

安装nginx

1.解压依赖包

unzip headers-more-nginx-module-master.zip tar -zxvf echo-nginx-module-0.57.tar.gz tar -zxvf nginx-1.6.0.tar.gz tar -zxvf ngx_cache_purge-2.1.tar.gztar -zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

2.编译安装

cd /usr/local/src/nginx/nginx-1.6.0./configure --user=nginx --group=nginx --prefix=/usr/local/nginx1.6 --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx1.6 --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx1.6/nginx.conf --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_sub_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/nginx/pcre-8.36 --with-zlib=/usr/local/src/nginx/zlib-1.2.8 --add-module=/usr/local/src/nginx/ngx_cache_purge-2.1 --add-module=/usr/local/src/nginx/headers-more-nginx-module-mastermake && make install

3.添加用户

useradd nginx

4.检查配置文件并启动

/usr/local/nginx1.6/nginx -t/usr/local/nginx1.6/nginxnetstat -ntlp |grep :80

若80端口存在，则说明nginx安装并启动成功

配置apache

1.创建apache根目录并授权

mkdir -p /webuseradd apachechown -R apache.apache /webchmod -R 755 /web

2.修改httpd.conf配置文件
修改如下几行：

Listen 81User apacheGroup apacheLoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.soRewriteEngine On#配置虚拟主机<VirtualHost x.x.x.x:81>    ServerName test.cn    DocumentRoot /web    DirectoryIndex index.html    <Directory "/web">        AllowOverride All        Require all granted    </Directory></VirtualHost>

注意：由于apache版本的问题，此处配置可能会不同
3.修改httpd-mpm.conf文件

vim /usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf <IfModule mpm_event_module>   ServerLimit  50    ThreadLimit 100    StartServers        50    MinSpareThreads      50    MaxSpareThreads      2000    ThreadsPerChild      40    MaxRequestWorkers    2000    MaxConnectionsPerChild  2000</IfModule>

更改完配置后，apache需要先stop再start，才能使参数生效，直接通过restart并不会使参数生效。

注意：根据服务器实际资源，对以上参数进行适当调整，过高或过低否则会出现内存耗尽或请求响应慢等情况。

5.启动apache并测试

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k stop/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start

浏览器访问test.cn:81/index.html若出现访问内容，则说明程序部署成功。

配置nginx

1.创建相关目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/nginx1.6/conf.dmkdir -p /data/nginx/cache/proxy_temp_dirmkdir -p /data/nginx/cache/cache1chown -R nginx.nginx /data/nginx/cache

2.修改主配置文件nginx.conf

    user  nginx;    worker_processes  4;    worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;    error_log  logs/error.log error;    pid       /var/run/nginx.pid;    events {    worker_connections  102400;    use epoll;    }    http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;        log_format main '$time_local - $upstream_addr $server_addr:$server_port ' '$request_method $uri $args ' '- $remote_addr $server_protocol [$http_user_agent] [$http_cookie] $http_referer ' '$host $status 0 0 $bytes_sent $request_length 0' '"$upstream_cache_status"';    sendfile        on;    keepalive_timeout  65;    proxy_intercept_errors on;    #gzip模块设置    gzip  on;    gzip_min_length  1k;    gzip_buffers     4 16k;    gzip_http_version 1.0;    #默认为1.1，nginx和后端upstream使用1.0    gzip_comp_level 2;    gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;    gzip_vary on;    #不要主动关闭客户端连接,防止返回499错误    proxy_ignore_client_abort on;    #client post body buffer    client_body_buffer_size 512k;    client_max_body_size 8m;    #client header buffer    client_header_buffer_size 32k;    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;    #open file     open_file_cache max=102400 inactive=20s;    open_file_cache_valid 30s;    open_file_cache_min_uses 1;    #upstream proxy buffer          proxy_buffer_size 16k;    proxy_buffers 4 64k;    proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;    proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;    proxy_connect_timeout 300;    proxy_read_timeout 300;    proxy_send_timeout 300;    #set cache    proxy_temp_path   /data/nginx/cache/proxy_temp_dir;    proxy_cache_path /data/nginx/cache/cache1 levels=2:2 keys_zone=cache1:1024m inactive=30m max_size=1950m;    #client limit，限制客户端的连接数和访问频率,根据实际情况进行调整    limit_req_zone  $binary_remote_addr  zone=two:10m   rate=50r/s;    limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr  zone=one:10m;    #返回403,404错误隐藏版本号    server_tokens off;    proxy_hide_header X-Mod-Pagespeed;    proxy_hide_header Pragma;    more_clear_headers 'X-Powered-By';    more_set_headers 'Server: nginx';    #配置后端服务器，用于负载均衡，可根据实际情况调整    upstream backend {    server x.x.x.x1:81  weight=5 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;    server x.x.x.x2:81 weight=5 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=10s;    }    include conf.d/*.conf;}

3.添加站点配置文件

    vim /usr/lo cal/nginx1.6/conf.d/test.conf    server {        listen       80;        #设置访问连接数及访问频率，可根据实际情况调整        limit_conn one 20;        limit_req zone=two burst=10 nodelay;        server_name  test.cn;        access_log  logs/access.test.log  main;        location / {                        proxy_set_header host $host;                        proxy_set_header    X-Real-IP $remote_addr;                        proxy_set_header    X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;                        proxy_cache cache1;                        proxy_cache_key $host$request_uri;                        proxy_cache_valid 200 302 4m;                        proxy_cache_valid 404 10m;                        proxy_cache_valid 500 501 502 503 10s;                        expires 1m;                        proxy_pass http://backend;        }   }

4.检查配置文件、启动并访问测试

/usr/local/nginx1.6/nginx -t/usr/local/nginx1.6/nginx