Ubuntu 16.04 Journal

====================
Ubuntu 16.04 Journal
====================

    user@group:~$ sudo lsb_release -a
    No LSB modules are available.
    Distributor ID:    Ubuntu
    Description:    Ubuntu 16.04 LTS
    Release:    16.04
    Codename:    xenial

    安装过好多次Ubuntu了。因为在使用过程中，难免误操作引起系统崩溃或者安装移除太多软件，使系统运行速度降低，
但是每次安装之后，似乎都要花不少时间对系统进行设置，这是一件麻烦的事情。为了节省时间，我决定用一个文件来记录
自己对新装的系统做了那安装和修改，以便于以后做重复劳动时，心里有个数。

    这篇文档就用做安装日记，并在以后保持更新。



    ==================
    I. System Settings
    ==================

    1. change the password for root user.

    $ sudo passwd root

    2. change /etc/sudoers so that user can execute sudo command without password.
    The file permission is 0440, you should use 'visudo' to edit it.

    $ sudo visudo

       from:
       %sudo    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
       to:
       %sudo    ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

       PS: you may also need to add the user to sudo group in /etc/group.

    3. make symbolic links /bin/sh to /bin/bash

    $ sudo ln -sf /bin/bash /bin/sh

    4. you may need customize your own ~/.bashrc or ~/.profile, and have you own ~/bin and so on.

    5. change Ubuntu coding in /etc/default/locale(/etc/sysconfig/i18n for Fedora).

    6. change Ubuntu hostname in the file /etc/hostname.

    7. disable firewall

    $ sudo ufw disable

    8. for notebook user, intall xbacklight to set sceen brightness.

    $ sudo apt-get install xbacklight

    9. 安装gconf-editor以配置系统应用：

    $ sudo apt-get install gconf-editor

    注意：在Ubuntu 12.10中，有一个dconf-editor配置工具，而gconf-editor没什么用了。

    10. install sysv-rc-conf to manage service programmes

    $ sudo apt-get install sysv-rc-conf

    11. language support in 'System Settings -> Language Support'. If you have
    other input method(e.g: fcitx, scim) installed, you need to change to
    use it by the feature 'Keyboard input method system' here.

    12. maybe change resolution in 'System Settings -> Displays'.



    ==================
    II. Basic Software
    ==================

    1. Install flash player plugin for browser.

    $ sudo apt-get install adobe-flashplugin
    or
    $ sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer

    2. install samba and configure smb.conf and add a samba user

    $ sudo apt-get install samba
    $ sudo smbpasswd -a user

    PS: user should be a shell user.

    3. install VSFTPD and configure vsftpd.conf：

    $ sudo apt-get install vsftpd

    4. install FTP client：

    $ sudo apt-get install filezilla

    5. install skype chatting software

    $ sudo apt-get install skype

    6. install mplayer：

    $ sudo apt-get install mplayer
    $ sudo apt-get install mplayer-fonts
    $ sudo apt-get install ffmpeg

    7. Install Input Method

    a . fcitx(preferred):

    $ apt-get install fcitx
    $ apt-get install fcitx-googlepinyin
    $ apt-get install fcitx-table-wbpy
    $ apt-get install fcitx-table-wubi

    b. SCIM:

    $ apt-get install scim
    $ apt-get install scim-tables-zh

    change /etc/X11/Xsession.d/95xinput as following:

    -------------------------
    /usr/bin/scim -d
    XMODIFIERS="@im=SCIM"
    export XMODIFIERS
    export GTK_IM_MODULE=scim
    -------------------------

    Note: It's unnecessary in Ubuntu 12.10!

    8. The method to settle the conflict between SCIM and Firefox Browser is: edit /usr/bin/firefox or /usr/bin/acroread(adobe reader script).
    Add following lines in the beginning.

    -------------------------------
    XMODIFIERS=@im=scim
    GTK_IM_MODULE=scim-bridge
    export XMODIFIERS GTK_IM_MODULE
    -------------------------------

    Note: It's unnecessary in Ubuntu 12.10!

    9. if scim doesn't start automatically, you can reconfigure it with the command below.

    $ im-switch -s scim_xim

    10. Okular PDF reader

    $ sudo apt-get install okular

    11. rar - archive files with compression

    $ sudo apt-get install rar

    12. wmctrl - interact with a EWMH/NetWM compatible X Window Manager

    $ sudo apt-get install wmctrl

    Command: wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b toggle,above


    =================================
    III. Embedded Develop Environment
    =================================

    1. install develop environment

    $ sudo apt-get install build-essential

    2. make menuconfig may fail, so install libncurses5-dev

    $ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev

    3. 32 bit on 64 bit

    $ sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

    Or if you are using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) or below, use
    this:

    $ echo "foreign-architecture i386" > /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch

    then:

    $ sudo apt-get update
    $ sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386
    $ sudo apt-get install build-essential libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386

    4. install automake, autoconf, bison and flex

    $ sudo apt-get install automake
    $ sudo apt-get install autoconf
    $ sudo apt-get install bison
    $ sudo apt-get install flex
    $ sudo apt-get install gawk

    5. install libtool

    $ sudo apt-get install libtool

    6. install git

    $ sudo apt-get install git-core gitg

    7. need a link to expat libary, RealTek's GDBs need it.

    $ sudo ln -sf /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libexpat.so.1 /lib/libexpat.so.0

    8. install libssl-dev

    $ sudo apt-get install libssl-dev

    9. install uuencode

    $ sudo apt-get install sharutils

    10. install doxygen(this package is big)

    $ sudo apt-get install doxygen

    11. install minicom

    $ sudo apt-get install minicom

    12. install kermit

    $ sudo apt-get install ckermit

    13. install NFS for debug purpose(refer to NFS-ROOT)

    $ sudo apt-get install nfs-common
    $ sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server

    14. virtualbox

    $ sudo apt-get install virtualbox

    ========================
    tools for switch project
    ========================

    1. lftp

    $ sudo apt-get install lftp

    2. lua-5.1

    $ sudo apt-get install lua5.1

    3. lzma

    $ sudo apt-get install lzma:i386
    $ sudo ln -s /lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblzma.so.5.0.0 /lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblzma.so.0

    4. libreadline

    $ sudo apt-get install libreadline5:i386

    5. install zlib

    $ sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev:i386
    $ sudo ln -s /usr/include/i386-linux-gnu/zconf.h /usr/include
    or
    $ sudo apt-get install libzip-dev
    $ sudo ln -s /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/zconf.h /usr/include


    =================================
    IV. Some useful tools for develop
    =================================

    1. install guake terminal

    $ sudo apt-get install guake

    2. install ssh-server and ssh-client

    $ sudo apt-get install openssh-server
    $ sudo apt-get install openssh-client

    3. install tftp and tftpd

    $ sudo apt-get install xinetd
    $ sudo apt-get install tftp
    $ sudo apt-get install tftpd

    4. install vim editor

    $ sudo apt-get install vim
    $ sudo apt-get install vim-gnome

    Note:
    a. if VIM can't remember history, you need to check if ~/.viminfo exist and make sure the file perssion and owner is current user.
    b. and ~/.vim_undodir directory is needed for my own.
    In addition, if use secureCRT, configure “仿真->终端” to choose Xterm，and use ANSI color, it will work like putty.

    5. install ctags & cscope

    $ sudo apt-get install exuberant-ctags
    $ sudo apt-get install cscope

    6. install gtags

    $ sudo apt-get install global

    7. install parcellite clipboard, the reason is that when gnome-settings-daemon shares clipborad between user programme and
    system, it just copy the link not real data. therefore, when the application exit, it can use the content in the clipboard.
    using parcellite can resolve this problem!

    $ sudo apt-get install parcellite

    8. 安装Linux Dreamweaver Bluefish编辑网页

    $ sudo apt-get install bluefish

    9. install git server；

    $ sudo apt-get install gitosis
    or
    $ sudo apt-get install gitolite

    对于git服务器，推荐安装gitolite，并且建议安装github的版本！对应的GIT URL为：

    git clone git://github.com/ossxp-com/gitolite.git

    10. install git web

    $ apt-get install gitweb

    11. 安装邮件发送工具：

    $ sudo apt-get install sendmail

    12. 安装git daemon，也可以Appache来做；

    $ sudo apt-get install git-daemon-run

    13. 安装比较工具meld

    $ sudo apt-get install meld

    14. 安装图形界面抓包工具wireshark

    $ sudo apt-get install wireshark

    15. 安装aircrack-ng软件包，如果需要的话：

    $ sudo apt-get install aircrack-ng

    16. 安装DNS和DHCP服务器

    $ sudo apt-get install dnsmasq

    17. 关闭本地dnsmasq。把/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf中dns=dnsmasq行注释掉，再重启network-manager。

    18. 安装iperf(windows has jperf)

    $ sudo apt-get install iperf

    19. radvd & dibbler-server

    $ sudo apt-get install radvd dibbler-server

    20. apt-file

    $ sudo apt-get install apt-file

    21. tree

    $ sudo apt-get install tree

    22. tree

    $ sudo apt-get install tree

    23. dos2unix

    $ sudo apt-get install dos2unix

    24. review-board

    $ sudo apt-get install python-rbtools

    or

    $ sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
    $ sudo easy_install -U RBTools

    25. 安装pppoe-server服务器

    $ sudo apt-get install pppoe

    26. 安装snmp

    $ sudo apt-get install snmp

    27. nmap - Network exploration tool and security / port scanner

    $ sudo apt-get install nmap

    28. 安装brctl工具：

    $ sudo apt-get install bridge-utils

    29. 安装VLAN配置工具：

    $ sudo apt-get install vlan
    $ sudo modprobe 8021q

    30. 安装ebtables工具：

    $ sudo apt-get install ebtables

    31. 远程桌面

    $ sudo apt-get install xrdp vnc4server xfce4
    $ echo "xfce4-session" >~/.xsession
    $ sudo service xrdp restart

    32. 安装chrome浏览器

    $ wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_i386.deb
    $ sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_i386.deb
    $ wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
    $ sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

    or

    $ sudo wget http://chrome-deb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/chrome-deb.list -O /etc/apt/sources.list.d/chrome-deb.list
    $ sudo apt-get update
    $ sudo apt-get install chrome-browser

    =========================
    some other optional tools
    =========================

    1. mc - Visual shell for Unix-like systems.

    $ sudo apt-get install mc

    2. extundelete - utility to undelete files from an ext3 or ext4 partition

    $ sudo apt-get install extundelete