Android6.0权限问题，并撰写常用权限工具类

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在android6.0手机调用系统相机的时候，报如下错误：

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{cn.doolii.shopping/cn.doolii.shopping.view.uploadImage.AlbumUploadActivity}: java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial: reading com.android.providers.media.MediaProvider uri content://media/external/images/thumbnails from pid=27138, uid=10103 requires android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, or grantUriPermission()at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2453)

在拍照的时候报如上问题，原因是没有添加相机权限<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
同时android6.0以上系统新出权限问题
解决方法如下：
一：定义常量
public final static int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS=1;
二：
在调用需要权限的方法之前，如调用拍照之前先判断是否有权限.
调用如下方法：
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)private void getPermission() {    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(UploadPicActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {        //申请CAMERA的权限        requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);    } else {        photo();        pop.dismiss();            ll_popup.clearAnimation();    }}



权限返回结果
@Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);    switch (requestCode) {        case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS:            if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {               photo();            } else {                Toast.makeText(UploadPicActivity.this, "请打开相机权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();            }            break;        }}


工具类如下：
一、统一进行权限申请：
<pre name="code" class="java">package cn.doolii.usershopping.utils;import android.Manifest;import android.annotation.TargetApi;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Build;import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;import android.util.Log;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;/** * Created by lzq on 2016/6/30. */public class PermissionUtils {    static Activity context;    public static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE=200;    /**     * 单例对象实例     */    private static PermissionUtils instance = null;    public static PermissionUtils getInstance(Activity context) {        if (instance == null) {            instance = new PermissionUtils(context);        }        return instance;    }    private PermissionUtils(Activity context) {        this.context=context;    }    public  void needPermission(int requestCode)    {        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M){            return;        }        requestAllPermissions(requestCode);    }    /*    *    * 申请授予权限    * CALL_PHONE  READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE CAMERA  READ_CONTACTS GET_ACCOUNTS ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION    * */    public  void requestAllPermissions( int requestCode)    {            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{ Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);    }    public  boolean requesCallPhonePermissions( int requestCode)    {        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,                Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {//没有权限            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);            return false;        } else        {            return true;        }    }    public  boolean requestReadSDCardPermissions( int requestCode)    {        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,                Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {//没有权限            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);            return false;        } else        {            return true;        }    }    public  boolean requestCamerPermissions( int requestCode)    {        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,                Manifest.permission.CAMERA)                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {//没有权限            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);            return false;        } else        {            return true;        }    }    public  boolean requestReadConstantPermissions( int requestCode)    {        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,                Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {//没有权限            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);            return false;        } else        {            return true;        }    }    public  boolean requestGET_ACCOUNTSPermissions( int requestCode)    {        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,                Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS)                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {//没有权限            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);            return false;        } else        {            return true;        }    }    public  boolean requestLocationPermissions( int requestCode)    {        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context,                Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION)                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)        {//没有权限            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(context,                    new String[]{Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION},                    MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_CALL_PHONE);            return false;        } else        {            return true;        }    }}

工具类使用方法如下：

我是在app第一次进入的时候，先判断android的版本，如果大于6.0，不管用户是否给与权限，都调用申请常用权限，防止因为用户不给于权限而导致崩溃，如:存储，电话，相机，通讯录，位置等。防止用户

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){new PermissionUtils(this).needPermission(200);}

然后在接下来的需要调用这些权限时调用相对应的方法，如打电话时调用requesCallPhonePermissions（200），参数随便传入。注意：此处的200 要与onRequestPermissionsResult中的参数requestCode一致。
重写请求权限后的回调方法：
@Overridepublic void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,                              String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {   switch (requestCode) {      case 200: {         // If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.         if (grantResults.length > 0               && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {            // permission was granted, yay! Do the            // contacts-related task you need to do.//同意给与权限  可以再此处调用拍照            Log.i("用户同意权限", "user granted the permission!");         } else {            // permission denied, boo! Disable the            // f用户不同意 可以给一些友好的提示            Log.i("用户不同意权限", "user denied the permission!");         }         return;      }      // other 'case' lines to check for other      // permissions this app might request   }}
二、分别申请，每当使用某项需要权限的功能，就要进行权限申请。
工具类：
package www.doolii.cn.permissiondemo;import android.Manifest;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;/** * 检查权限的工具类 * <p/> * Created by lizhiqaing on 16/7/19. */public class PermissionsChecker {    private final Activity context;    public static final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST=200;    static PermissionsChecker checker=null;    private PermissionsChecker(Activity context) {        this.context=context;    }    public static PermissionsChecker getInstance(Activity context){        return new PermissionsChecker(context);    }    // 判断权限集合    public boolean lacksPermissions(String... permissions) {        for (int i=0;i<permissions.length;i++){            if (lacksPermission(permissions[i])) {//无权限                return true;            }        }        return false;    }    // 判断是否缺少权限  无权限返回true    private boolean lacksPermission(String permission) {        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) ==                PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;    }}
使用：
package www.doolii.cn.permissiondemo;import android.Manifest;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Build;import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Toast;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private PermissionsChecker mPermissionsChecker; // 权限检测器    // 所需的权限    static final String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE    };    PermissionsChecker checker=PermissionsChecker.getInstance(MainActivity.this);    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        findViewById(R.id.photo).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View view) {                if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M){                    //拍照的时候要进行权限判断                    if (checker.lacksPermissions(PERMISSIONS)){//true 代表无权限                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"无权限了",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                        //申请权限                        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this,                                PERMISSIONS,                                200);                    }else{                        Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,getDeviceInfo(MainActivity.this),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                    }                }else {                    // 如果是6.0以下 不需要权限判断检查版本 直接调用拍照                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"6.0以下不需要主动申请权限哦",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                }            }        });    }    @Override    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);        switch (requestCode){            case 200:                if (grantResults.length > 0) {                    for (int i=0;i<grantResults.length;i++){                        if (grantResults[i]== PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){                            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,getDeviceInfo(MainActivity.this),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                        }                    }                }                break;        }    }    public static String getDeviceInfo(Context context) {        TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);        if (tm!=null) {            return tm.getDeviceId();        }else{            return null;        }    }}

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