spingmvc第二篇

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spingmvc第二篇

springmvc的工作流

1A. 客户端发出http请求，只要请求形式符合web.xml 文件中配置的*.action的话，就由DispatcherServlet 来处理。

1B. DispatcherServlet再将http请求委托给映射器的对象来将http请求交给对应的Action来处理

映射器根据客户的http请求，再对比<bean name="/hello.action 如果匹配正确，再将http请求交给程序员写的Action
执行Action中的业务方法，最终返回一个名叫ModelAndView 的对象，其中封装了向视图发送的数据和视图的逻辑名
ModelAndView对象随着响应到到DispatcherServlet中了

这时DispatcherServlet收到了ModelAndView对象，它也不知道视图逻辑名是何意，又得委托一个名叫视图解析器的对象去具体解析ModelAndView对象中的内容
将视图解析器解析后的内容，再次交由DispatcherServlet 核心控制器，这时核心控制器再将请求转发到具体的视图页面，取出数据，再显示给用户

springmvc快速入门（注解版本）

springmvc快速入门（传统版）

步一：创建springmvc-day02这么一个web应用
步二：导入springioc，springweb和springmvc相关的jar包

------------------------------------------------------springWEB模块   org.springframework.web-3.0.5.RELEASE.jarorg.springframework.web.servlet-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar（mvc专用）   ------------------------------------------------------springIOC模块   org.springframework.asm-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar   org.springframework.beans-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar   org.springframework.context-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar   org.springframework.core-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar   org.springframework.expression-3.0.5.RELEASE.jar

步三：在/WEB-INF/下创建web.xml文件

<servlet><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value></init-param></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>

步五:创建HelloAction.java控制器类

@Controllerpublic class HelloAction{@RequestMapping(value="/hello")public String helloMethod(Model model) throws Exception{System.out.println("HelloAction::helloMethod()");model.addAttribute("message","这是我的第二个springmvc应用程序");return "/success.jsp";}}

步五：在/WebRoot/下创建success.jsp

<%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>  <head>    <title>这是我的第二个springmvc应用程序</title>  </head>  <body>success.jsp<br/>${message}  </body></html>

步六：在/src/目录下创建spring.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans       xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"      xsi:schemaLocation="  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd          http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd              ">  <!-- Action控制器 -->  <context:component-scan base-package="cn.csx.javaee.springmvc.helloannotation"/>                    <!-- 基于注解的映射器(可选) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>            <!-- 基于注解的适配器(可选) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>            <!-- 视图解析器(可选) -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"/>      </beans>

步七：部署web应用到tomcat中，通过浏览器访问如下URL：http://127.0.0.1:8080/springmvc-day02/hello.action

一个Action中，可以写多个类似的业务控制方法

通过模块根路径 + 功能子路径 = 访问模块下子功能的路径

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction{@RequestMapping(value="/add")public String add(Model model) throws Exception{System.out.println("HelloAction::add()");model.addAttribute("message","增加用户");return "/success.jsp";}@RequestMapping(value="/find")public String find(Model model) throws Exception{System.out.println("HelloAction::find()");model.addAttribute("message","查询用户");return "/success.jsp";}}

增加用户：http://127.0.0.1:8080/myspringmvc-day02/user/add.action

查询用户：http://127.0.0.1:8080/myspringmvc-day02/user/find.action

在业务控制方法中写入普通变量收集参数

可以在业务控制方法中，以参数形式收集客户端参数，springmvc采用方法参数形式的

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction{@RequestMapping(value="/add")public String add(Model model,int id,String name,Double sal) throws Exception{System.out.println("HelloAction::add()");System.out.println(id + ":" + name + ":" + sal);model.addAttribute("message","增加用户");return "/success.jsp";}}

http://127.0.0.1:8080/myspringmvc-day02/user/add.action?id=1&name=zhaojun&sal=5000

限定某个业务控制方法，只允许GET或POST请求方式访问

可以在业务控制方法前，指明该业务控制方法只能接收GET或POST的请求

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction{@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)public String add(Model model,int id,String name,double sal) throws Exception{System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");System.out.println(id + ":" + name + ":" + sal);model.addAttribute("message","增加用户");return "/success.jsp";}}

如果不书写method=RequestMethod.POST的话，GET和POST请求都支持

在业务控制方法中写入Request，Response等传统web参数

可以在业务控制方法中书写传统web参数，这种方式我们不提倡，耦合了

@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction{@RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)public void add(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");int id = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));String name = request.getParameter("name");double sal = Double.parseDouble(request.getParameter("sal"));System.out.println(id + ":" + name + ":" + sal);request.getSession().setAttribute("id",id);request.getSession().setAttribute("name",name);request.getSession().setAttribute("sal",sal);response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/register.jsp");}}

在业务控制方法中写入模型变量收集参数，且使用@InitBind来解决字符串转日期类型

在默认情况下，springmvc不能将String类型转成java.util.Date类型，所有我们只能在Action 中自定义类型转换器

<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add.action" method="POST">编号：<input type="text" name="id" value="${id}"/><br/>姓名：<input type="text" name="name" value="${name}"/><br/>薪水：<input type="text" name="sal" value="${sal}"/><br/>入职时间：<input type="text" name="hiredate" value='<fmt:formatDate value="${hiredate}" type="date"/>'/><br/><input type="submit" value="注册"/></form>@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "/user")public class UserAction {@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request,ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),true));}@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)public String add(int id, String name, double sal, Date hiredate,Model model) throws Exception {System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");model.addAttribute("id", id);model.addAttribute("name", name);model.addAttribute("sal", sal);model.addAttribute("hiredate", hiredate);return "/register.jsp";}}

在业务控制方法中写入User，Admin多个模型收集参数

可以在业务控制方法中书写1个模型来收集客户端的参数
模型中的属性名必须和客户端参数名一一对应
这里说的模型不是Model对象，Model是向视图中封装的数据

@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "/user")public class UserAction {@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request,ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),true));}@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)public String add(User user,Model model) throws Exception {System.out.println("HelloAction::add()::POST");model.addAttribute("user",user);return "/register.jsp";}}

在业务控制方法中写入包装User的模型来收集参数

可以在业务控制方法中书写0个或多个模型来收集客户端的参数

如果多个模型中有相同的属性时，可以用user.name或admin.name来收集客户端参数
用一个新的模型将User和Admin再封装一次

public class User {private Integer id;private String name;private Double sal;private Date hiredate;public User(){}public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Double getSal() {return sal;}public void setSal(Double sal) {this.sal = sal;}public Date getHiredate() {return hiredate;}public void setHiredate(Date hiredate) {this.hiredate = hiredate;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return this.id + ":" + this.name + ":" + this.sal + ":" + this.hiredate;}}Bean.javapublic class Bean {private User user;private Admin admin;public Bean(){}public User getUser() {return user;}public void setUser(User user) {this.user = user;}public Admin getAdmin() {return admin;}public void setAdmin(Admin admin) {this.admin = admin;}}PersonAction.java@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "/person")public class PersonAction {@InitBinderprotected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request,ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"),true));}@RequestMapping(value = "/add", method = RequestMethod.POST)public String add(Bean bean,Model model) throws Exception {System.out.println(bean.getUser());System.out.println(bean.getAdmin());System.out.println("PersonAction::add()::POST");model.addAttribute("bean",bean);return "/register.jsp";}}    register.jsp    普通用户<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/person/add.action" method="POST">编号：<input type="text" name="user.id" value="${bean.user.id}"/><br/>姓名：<input type="text" name="user.name" value="${bean.user.name}"/><br/>薪水：<input type="text" name="user.sal" value="${bean.user.sal}"/><br/>入职时间：<input type="text" name="user.hiredate" value='<fmt:formatDate value="${bean.user.hiredate}" type="both" />'/><br/><input type="submit" value="注册"/></form>

在业务控制方法中收集数组参数

批量删除用户

Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction {@RequestMapping(value="/delete")public String deleteMethod(int[] ids,Model model) throws Exception{System.out.println("UserAction::deleteMethod()");System.out.println("需要删除的id为：");for(int id : ids){System.out.print(id+" ");}model.addAttribute("message","批量删除成功");return "/success.jsp";}}

在业务控制方法中收集List<JavaBean>参数

批量注册用户

UserAction.java@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction {@RequestMapping(value="/addAll")public String addAll(Bean bean,Model model) throws Exception{for(User user : bean.getUserList()){System.out.println(user.getName()+":"+user.getGender());}model.addAttribute("message","批量增加用户成功");return "/success.jsp";}}    Bean.javapublic class Bean {private List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();public Bean(){}public List<User> getUserList() {return userList;}public void setUserList(List<User> userList) {this.userList = userList;}}    registerAll.java<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/addAll.action" method="POST">  姓名：<input type="text" name="userList[0].name" value="哈哈"/>性别：<input type="text" name="userList[0].gender" value="男"/><hr/>姓名：<input type="text" name="userList[1].name" value="呵呵"/>性别：<input type="text" name="userList[1].gender" value="男"/><hr/>姓名：<input type="text" name="userList[2].name" value="嘻嘻"/>性别：<input type="text" name="userList[2].gender" value="女"/><hr/><input type="submit" value="批量注册"/></form>

结果的转发和重定向

在转发情况下，共享request域对象，会将参数从第一个业务控制方法传入第二个业务控制方法，反之，重定向则不行删除id=10号的用户，再查询用户 @Controller @RequestMapping(value="/user") public class UserAction {

@RequestMapping(value="/delete")public String delete(int id) throws Exception{System.out.println("删除用户->" + id);//转发到find()return "forward:/user/find.action";//重定向到find()//return "redirect:/user/find.action";}@RequestMapping(value="/find")public String find(int id) throws Exception{System.out.println("查询用户->" + id);return "/success.jsp";}

}

异步发送表单数据到JavaBean，并响应JSON文本返回

提交表单后，将JavaBean信息以JSON文本形式返回到浏览器

bean2json.jsp<form>编号：<input type="text" name="id" value="1"/><br/>姓名：<input type="text" name="name" value="哈哈"/><br/>薪水：<input type="text" name="sal" value="5000"/><br/><input type="button" value="异步提交注册"/></form><script type="text/javascript">$(":button").click(function(){var url = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add.action";var sendData = {"id":1,"name":"哈哈","sal":5000};$.post(url,sendData,function(backData,textStatus,ajax){alert(ajax.responseText);});});</script>    User.javapublic class User {private Integer id;private String name;private Double sal;public User(){}public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Double getSal() {return sal;}public void setSal(Double sal) {this.sal = sal;}}UserAction.java@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserAction {@RequestMapping(value="/add")public @ResponseBody User add(User user) throws Exception{System.out.println(user.getId()+":"+user.getName()+":"+user.getSal());return user;}}spring.xml  <!-- Action控制器 -->  <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.javaee.springmvc.app25"/>      <!-- 配适器 -->      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">      <property name="messageConverters">         <list>      <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"/>         </list>      </property>      </bean>

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