Android的activity启动延迟加载

　我们有时会遇到白屏或者页面切换卡顿等现象，这些都是Activity启动速度慢的表现．我们一般有两种优化方式，软优化和硬优化．硬优化主要是针对代码的结构和逻辑，如精简布局，减少层次使用include,merge,viewStub；能用基本类型如Int,Long,就不用Integer,Long对象等．软优化尽可能减少代码的结构和逻辑，下面我们主要来看软优化的延迟加载．
　
　延迟加载是把可以延迟展示的UI操作放在IdleHandler中

public class BaseActivity extends Activity {    @Override    protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        Looper.myQueue().addIdleHandler(new IdleHandler() {            @Override            public boolean queueIdle() {                onCreateDelay(savedInstanceState)；                return false;            }        });    }    protected void onCreateDelay(Bundle bundle) {        // TODO : 可以延迟展示的UI操作    }}

在Looper的消息循环方法中一直通过Message msg = queue.next();来获得下一个消息

public static void loop() {        final Looper me = myLooper();        if (me == null) {            throw new RuntimeException("No Looper; Looper.prepare() wasn't called on this thread.");        }        final MessageQueue queue = me.mQueue;        // Make sure the identity of this thread is that of the local process,        // and keep track of what that identity token actually is.        Binder.clearCallingIdentity();        final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();        for (;;) {            Message msg = queue.next(); // might block            if (msg == null) {                // No message indicates that the message queue is quitting.                return;            }            // This must be in a local variable, in case a UI event sets the logger            Printer logging = me.mLogging;            if (logging != null) {                logging.println(">>>>> Dispatching to " + msg.target + " " +                        msg.callback + ": " + msg.what);            }            msg.target.dispatchMessage(msg);            if (logging != null) {                logging.println("<<<<< Finished to " + msg.target + " " + msg.callback);            }            // Make sure that during the course of dispatching the            // identity of the thread wasn't corrupted.            final long newIdent = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();            if (ident != newIdent) {                Log.wtf(TAG, "Thread identity changed from 0x"                        + Long.toHexString(ident) + " to 0x"                        + Long.toHexString(newIdent) + " while dispatching to "                        + msg.target.getClass().getName() + " "                        + msg.callback + " what=" + msg.what);            }            msg.recycleUnchecked();        }    }

我们接下来看MessageQueue的next方法：

 Message next() {        // Return here if the message loop has already quit and been disposed.        // This can happen if the application tries to restart a looper after quit        // which is not supported.        final long ptr = mPtr;        if (ptr == 0) {            return null;        }        int pendingIdleHandlerCount = -1; // -1 only during first iteration        int nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;        for (;;) {            if (nextPollTimeoutMillis != 0) {                Binder.flushPendingCommands();            }            nativePollOnce(ptr, nextPollTimeoutMillis);            synchronized (this) {                // Try to retrieve the next message.  Return if found.                final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();                Message prevMsg = null;                Message msg = mMessages;                if (msg != null && msg.target == null) {                    // Stalled by a barrier.  Find the next asynchronous message in the queue.                    do {                        prevMsg = msg;                        msg = msg.next;                    } while (msg != null && !msg.isAsynchronous());                }                if (msg != null) {                    if (now < msg.when) {                        // Next message is not ready.  Set a timeout to wake up when it is ready.                        nextPollTimeoutMillis = (int) Math.min(msg.when - now, Integer.MAX_VALUE);                    } else {                        // Got a message.                        mBlocked = false;                        if (prevMsg != null) {                            prevMsg.next = msg.next;                        } else {                            mMessages = msg.next;                        }                        msg.next = null;                        if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "Returning message: " + msg);                        msg.markInUse();                        return msg;                    }                } else {                    // No more messages.                    nextPollTimeoutMillis = -1;                }                // Process the quit message now that all pending messages have been handled.                if (mQuitting) {                    dispose();                    return null;                }                // If first time idle, then get the number of idlers to run.                // Idle handles only run if the queue is empty or if the first message                // in the queue (possibly a barrier) is due to be handled in the future.                if (pendingIdleHandlerCount < 0                        && (mMessages == null || now < mMessages.when)) {                    pendingIdleHandlerCount = mIdleHandlers.size();                }                if (pendingIdleHandlerCount <= 0) {                    // No idle handlers to run.  Loop and wait some more.                    mBlocked = true;                    continue;                }                if (mPendingIdleHandlers == null) {                    mPendingIdleHandlers = new IdleHandler[Math.max(pendingIdleHandlerCount, 4)];                }                mPendingIdleHandlers = mIdleHandlers.toArray(mPendingIdleHandlers);            }            // Run the idle handlers.            // We only ever reach this code block during the first iteration.            for (int i = 0; i < pendingIdleHandlerCount; i++) {                final IdleHandler idler = mPendingIdleHandlers[i];                mPendingIdleHandlers[i] = null; // release the reference to the handler                boolean keep = false;                try {                    keep = idler.queueIdle();                } catch (Throwable t) {                    Log.wtf(TAG, "IdleHandler threw exception", t);                }                if (!keep) {                    synchronized (this) {                        mIdleHandlers.remove(idler);                    }                }            }            // Reset the idle handler count to 0 so we do not run them again.            pendingIdleHandlerCount = 0;            // While calling an idle handler, a new message could have been delivered            // so go back and look again for a pending message without waiting.            nextPollTimeoutMillis = 0;        }    }

当msg 为空时并不会马上返回，而是继续往下执行，接着下面的for循环中有我们刚开始添加的IdleHandler,并回调queueIdle()，最后根据最开始的返回boolean值来决定是否保留IdleHandler，我们返回的false，代表下次线程空闲时不会调用这个IdleHander了．
　　
　　总结：MessageQueue.IdleHandler可以用来在线程空闲的时候，指定一个操作；有点类似Handler.postDelayed(Runnable r, long delayMillis),都是在将来的某一个时间执行一个操作。
不过，使用IdleHandler的好处在于可以不用指定一个将来时间，只要线程空闲了，就可以执行它指定的操作。比较适合那种需要在将来执行操作，但是又不知道需要指定多少延迟时间的操作。