vector::at

Access element ：

Returns a reference to the element at position n in the vector.

The function automatically checks whether n is within the bounds of valid elements in the vector, throwing anout_of_range exception if it is not (i.e., if n is greater or equal than its size). This is in contrast with memberoperator[], that does not check against bounds.

翻译：

XXX.at(index);
返回索引 index 所指的数据，即为了访问对应index中存储的数据，如果index越界，则抛出out_of_range。

// vector::at#include <iostream>#include <vector>int main (){  std::vector<int> myvector1 (10);   // 10 zero-initialized ints  std::vector<int>myvector2 (10);    // assign some values:  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector1.size(); i++)    myvector1.at(i)=1;        std::cout << "myvector1 contains:";  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector1.size(); i++)     std::cout << ' ' << myvector1.at(i);  std::cout << '\n';    //-------------------------------------------  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector2.size(); i++)    myvector2.at(i)=i;    std::cout << "myvector2 contains:";  for (unsigned i=0; i<myvector2.size(); i++)     std::cout << ' ' << myvector2.at(i);  std::cout << '\n';    //下面的索引越界，导致抛出 out_of_range_exception  std::cout<<"\n";     std::cout<< myvector1.at(20);    //    out_of_range_exception  return 0;}