Java+TestNG 测试Restful service

本文主要介绍如何用Java针对Restful web service 做接口自动化测试（数据驱动），相比UI自动化，接口自动化稳定性可靠性高，实施难易程度低，做自动化性价比高。所用到的工具或类库有 TestNG, Apache POI, Jayway rest-assured，Skyscreamer - JSONassert

 

简介：

思想是数据驱动测试，用Excel来管理数据，‘Input’ Sheet中存放输入数据，读取数据后拼成request 调用service, 拿到response后写入 ‘Output’ Sheet 即实际结果, ‘Baseline’为基线（期望结果）用来和实际结果对比的，‘Comparison’ Sheet里存放的是对比结果不一致的记录，‘Result’ Sheet 是一个简单的结果报告。

 

Maven工程目录结构：

 

 

详细介绍

核心就一个测试类HTTPReqGenTest.java 由四部分组成

@BeforeTest  读取Excel (WorkBook) 的 ‘Input’ 和 ‘Baseline’ sheet

 

 

 

并且新建‘Output’, ‘Comparison’, ‘Result’ 三个空sheet

 

读取http_request_template.txt 内容转成string

 

 

@DataProvider (name = "WorkBookData")

TestNG的DataProvider, 首先用DataReader构造函数，读取Excel中Input的数据，放入HashMap<String, RecordHandler>, Map的key值就是test case的ID，value是RecordHandler对象，此对象中一个重要的成员属性就是input sheet里面 column和value 的键值对，遍历Map将test case ID 与 test case的value 即input sheet前两列的值放入List<Object[]> ，最后返回List的迭代器iterator (为了循环调用@Test方法)

 

@Test (dataProvider = "WorkBookData", description = "ReqGenTest")

测试方法，由DataProvider提供数据，首先根据ID去取myInputData里的RecordHandler， 由它和template 去生成request, 然后执行request 返回response，这些工作都是由HTTPReqGen.java这个类完成的，借助com.jayway.restassured， 返回的response是一个JSON体，通过org.skyscreamer.jsonassert.JSONCompare 与Baseline中事先填好的期望结果（同样也是JSON格式）进行比较， 根据结果是Pass还是Fail, 都会相应的往Excel里的相应Sheet写结果。

 

@AfterTest

写入统计的一些数据

关闭文件流

 

实现代码：

 HTTPReqGenTest.java

package com.demo.qa.rest_api_test;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.nio.charset.Charset;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;import org.json.JSONException;import org.skyscreamer.jsonassert.JSONCompare;import org.skyscreamer.jsonassert.JSONCompareMode;import org.skyscreamer.jsonassert.JSONCompareResult;import org.testng.Assert;import org.testng.ITest;import org.testng.ITestContext;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;import org.testng.annotations.Test;import com.demo.qa.utils.DataReader;import com.demo.qa.utils.DataWriter;import com.demo.qa.utils.HTTPReqGen;import com.demo.qa.utils.RecordHandler;import com.demo.qa.utils.SheetUtils;import com.demo.qa.utils.Utils;import com.jayway.restassured.response.Response;public class HTTPReqGenTest implements ITest {    private Response response;    private DataReader myInputData;    private DataReader myBaselineData;    private String template;    public String getTestName() {        return "API Test";    }        String filePath = "";        XSSFWorkbook wb = null;    XSSFSheet inputSheet = null;    XSSFSheet baselineSheet = null;    XSSFSheet outputSheet = null;    XSSFSheet comparsionSheet = null;    XSSFSheet resultSheet = null;        private double totalcase = 0;    private double failedcase = 0;    private String startTime = "";    private String endTime = "";        @BeforeTest    @Parameters("workBook")    public void setup(String path) {        filePath = path;        try {            wb = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(filePath));        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }        inputSheet = wb.getSheet("Input");        baselineSheet = wb.getSheet("Baseline");        SheetUtils.removeSheetByName(wb, "Output");        SheetUtils.removeSheetByName(wb, "Comparison");        SheetUtils.removeSheetByName(wb, "Result");        outputSheet = wb.createSheet("Output");        comparsionSheet = wb.createSheet("Comparison");        resultSheet = wb.createSheet("Result");        try {            InputStream is = HTTPReqGenTest.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("http_request_template.txt");            template = IOUtils.toString(is, Charset.defaultCharset());        } catch (Exception e) {            Assert.fail("Problem fetching data from input file:" + e.getMessage());        }                SimpleDateFormat sf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");        startTime = sf.format(new Date());    }    @DataProvider(name = "WorkBookData")    protected Iterator<Object[]> testProvider(ITestContext context) {        List<Object[]> test_IDs = new ArrayList<Object[]>();            myInputData = new DataReader(inputSheet, true, true, 0);            Map<String, RecordHandler> myInput = myInputData.get_map();            // sort map in order so that test cases ran in a fixed order            Map<String, RecordHandler> sortmap = Utils.sortmap(myInput);                        for (Map.Entry<String, RecordHandler> entry : sortmap.entrySet()) {                String test_ID = entry.getKey();                String test_case = entry.getValue().get("TestCase");                if (!test_ID.equals("") && !test_case.equals("")) {                    test_IDs.add(new Object[] { test_ID, test_case });                }                totalcase++;            }                        myBaselineData = new DataReader(baselineSheet, true, true, 0);        return test_IDs.iterator();    }    @Test(dataProvider = "WorkBookData", description = "ReqGenTest")    public void api_test(String ID, String test_case) {        HTTPReqGen myReqGen = new HTTPReqGen();        try {            myReqGen.generate_request(template, myInputData.get_record(ID));            response = myReqGen.perform_request();        } catch (Exception e) {            Assert.fail("Problem using HTTPRequestGenerator to generate response: " + e.getMessage());        }                String baseline_message = myBaselineData.get_record(ID).get("Response");        if (response.statusCode() == 200)            try {                DataWriter.writeData(outputSheet, response.asString(), ID, test_case);                                JSONCompareResult result = JSONCompare.compareJSON(baseline_message, response.asString(), JSONCompareMode.NON_EXTENSIBLE);                if (!result.passed()) {                    DataWriter.writeData(comparsionSheet, result, ID, test_case);                    DataWriter.writeData(resultSheet, "false", ID, test_case, 0);                    DataWriter.writeData(outputSheet);                    failedcase++;                } else {                    DataWriter.writeData(resultSheet, "true", ID, test_case, 0);                }            } catch (JSONException e) {                DataWriter.writeData(comparsionSheet, "", "Problem to assert Response and baseline messages: "+e.getMessage(), ID, test_case);                DataWriter.writeData(resultSheet, "error", ID, test_case, 0);                failedcase++;                Assert.fail("Problem to assert Response and baseline messages: " + e.getMessage());            }        else {            DataWriter.writeData(outputSheet, response.statusLine(), ID, test_case);            if (baseline_message.equals(response.statusLine())) {                DataWriter.writeData(resultSheet, "true", ID, test_case, 0);            } else {                DataWriter.writeData(comparsionSheet, baseline_message, response.statusLine(), ID, test_case);                DataWriter.writeData(resultSheet, "false", ID, test_case, 0);                DataWriter.writeData(outputSheet);                failedcase++;            }        }    }    @AfterTest    public void teardown() {        SimpleDateFormat sf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");        endTime = sf.format(new Date());        DataWriter.writeData(resultSheet, totalcase, failedcase, startTime, endTime);                try {            FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(filePath);            wb.write(fileOutputStream);            fileOutputStream.close();        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        } catch (IOException e) {            e.printStackTrace();        }    }}

 

DataReader

package com.demo.qa.utils;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;/** * Class that read data from XSSF sheet *  */public class DataReader {    protected static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DataReader.class);  private HashMap<String, RecordHandler> map = new HashMap<String, RecordHandler>();  private Boolean byColumnName = false;  private Boolean byRowKey = false;  private List<String> headers = new ArrayList<String>();  private Integer size = 0;  public DataReader() {  }  /**   * Primary constructor. Uses Apache POI XSSF to pull data from given excel workbook sheet. Data is stored in a   * structure depending on the options from other parameters.   *    * @param sheet Given excel sheet.   * @param has_headers Boolean used to specify if the data has a header or not. The headers will be used as field keys.   * @param has_key_column Boolean used to specify if the data has a column that should be used for record keys.   * @param key_column Integer used to specify the key column for record keys.   */  public DataReader(XSSFSheet sheet, Boolean has_headers, Boolean has_key_column, Integer key_column) {    XSSFRow myRow = null;    HashMap<String, String> myList;    size = 0;    this.byColumnName = has_headers;    this.byRowKey = has_key_column;        try {          if(byColumnName) {        myRow = sheet.getRow(0);        for(Cell cell: myRow) {          headers.add(cell.getStringCellValue());        }        size = 1;      }        for(; (myRow = sheet.getRow(size)) != null; size++ ) {          myList = new HashMap<String, String>();          if(byColumnName) {          for(int col = 0; col < headers.size(); col++ ) {            if(col < myRow.getLastCellNum()) {              myList.put(headers.get(col), getSheetCellValue(myRow.getCell(col))); // myRow.getCell(col).getStringCellValue());            } else {              myList.put(headers.get(col), "");            }          }        } else {          for(int col = 0; col < myRow.getLastCellNum(); col++ ) {            myList.put(Integer.toString(col), getSheetCellValue(myRow.getCell(col)));          }        }          if(byRowKey) {          if(myList.size() == 2 && key_column == 0) {            map.put(getSheetCellValue(myRow.getCell(key_column)), new RecordHandler(myList.get(1)));          } else if(myList.size() == 2 && key_column == 1) {            map.put(getSheetCellValue(myRow.getCell(key_column)), new RecordHandler(myList.get(0)));          } else {            map.put(getSheetCellValue(myRow.getCell(key_column)), new RecordHandler(myList));          }        } else {          map.put(Integer.toString(size), new RecordHandler(myList));        }      }         } catch (Exception e) {      logger.error("Exception while loading data from Excel sheet:"+e.getMessage());    }  }  /**   * Utility method used for getting an excel cell value. Cell's type is switched to String before accessing.   *    * @param cell Given excel cell.   */  private String getSheetCellValue(XSSFCell cell) {    String value = "";    try {      cell.setCellType(Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);      value = cell.getStringCellValue();    } catch(NullPointerException npe) {      return "";    }    return value;  }  /**   * Returns entire HashMap containing this class's data.   *    * @return HashMap<String, RecordHandler>, map of ID-Record data.   */  public HashMap<String, RecordHandler> get_map() {    return map;  }  /**   * Gets an entire record.   *    * @param record String key value for record to be returned.   * @return HashMap of key-value pairs representing the specified record.   */  public RecordHandler get_record(String record) {    RecordHandler result = new RecordHandler();    if(map.containsKey(record)) {      result = map.get(record);    }    return result;  }}

 

HTTPReqGen

package com.demo.qa.utils;import static com.jayway.restassured.RestAssured.given;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import com.jayway.restassured.response.Response;import com.jayway.restassured.specification.RequestSpecification;/** * Wrapper for RestAssured. Uses an HTTP request template and a single record housed in a RecordHandler object to * generate and perform an HTTP requests. *  */public class HTTPReqGen {    protected static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HTTPReqGen.class);  private RequestSpecification reqSpec;  private String call_host = "";  private String call_suffix = "";  private String call_string = "";  private String call_type = "";  private String body = "";  private Map<String, String> headers = new HashMap<String, String>();  private HashMap<String, String> cookie_list = new HashMap<String, String>();  public Map<String, String> getHeaders() {    return headers;  }  public String getCallString() {    return call_string;  }  /**   * Constructor. Initializes the RequestSpecification (relaxedHTTPSValidation avoids certificate errors).   *    */  public HTTPReqGen() {    reqSpec = given().relaxedHTTPSValidation();  }  public HTTPReqGen(String proxy) {    reqSpec = given().relaxedHTTPSValidation().proxy(proxy);  }  /**   * Pulls HashMap from given RecordHandler and calls primary generate_request method with it.   *    * @param template String, should contain the full template.   * @param record RecordHandler, the input data used to fill in replacement tags that exist in the template.   * @return this Reference to this class, primarily to allow request generation and performance in one line.   * @throws Exception    */  public HTTPReqGen generate_request(String template, RecordHandler record) throws Exception {    return generate_request(template, (HashMap<String, String>) record.get_map());  }  /**   * Generates request data, using input record to fill in the template and then parse out relevant data. To fill in the   * template, identifies tags surrounded by << and >> and uses the text from the corresponding fields in the   * RecordHandler to replace them. The replacement is recursive, so tags may also exist in the fields of the   * RecordHandler so long as they are also represented by the RecordHandler and do not form an endless loop.   * After filling in the template, parses the resulting string in preparation for performing the HTTP request. Expects the   * the string to be in the following format:   *   * <<call_type>> <<call_suffix>>   * Host: <<root_host_name>>   * <<header1_name>>:<<header1_value>>   * ...   * <<headerN_name>>: <<headerN_value>>   *   * <<body_text>>   *   * <<call_type>> must be GET, PUT, POST, or DELETE. <<call_suffix>> must be a string with no spaces. It is appended to   * <<root_host_name>> to form the complete call string. After a single blank line is encountered, the rest of the file   * is used as the body of text for PUT and POST calls. This function also expects the Record Handler to include a field   * named "VPID" containing a unique record identifier for debugging purposes.   *    * @param template String, should contain the full template.   * @param record RecordHandler, the input data used to fill in replacement tags that exist in the template.   * @return this Reference to this class, primarily to allow request generation and performance in one line.   * @throws Exception    */  public HTTPReqGen generate_request(String template, HashMap<String, String> record) throws Exception {    String filled_template = "";    Boolean found_replacement = true;    headers.clear();        try {            // Splits template into tokens, separating out the replacement strings      // like <<id>>      String[] tokens = tokenize_template(template);      // Repeatedly perform replacements with data from record until no      // replacements are found      // If a replacement's result is an empty string, it will not throw an      // error (but will throw one if there is no column for that result)      while(found_replacement) {        found_replacement = false;        filled_template = "";          for(String item: tokens) {            if(item.startsWith("<<") && item.endsWith(">>")) {            found_replacement = true;            item = item.substring(2, item.length() - 2);                        if( !record.containsKey(item)) {              logger.error("Template contained replacement string whose value did not exist in input record:[" + item + "]");            }                                    item = record.get(item);          }            filled_template += item;        }          tokens = tokenize_template(filled_template);      }          } catch (Exception e) {      logger.error("Problem performing replacements from template: ", e);    }    try {            // Feed filled template into BufferedReader so that we can read it line      // by line.      InputStream stream = IOUtils.toInputStream(filled_template, "UTF-8");      BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream));      String line = "";      String[] line_tokens;            // First line should always be call type followed by call suffix      line = in.readLine();      line_tokens = line.split(" ");      call_type = line_tokens[0];      call_suffix = line_tokens[1];      // Second line should contain the host as it's second token      line = in.readLine();      line_tokens = line.split(" ");      call_host = line_tokens[1];      // Full call string for RestAssured will be concatenation of call      // host and call suffix      call_string = call_host + call_suffix;      // Remaining lines will contain headers, until the read line is      // empty      line = in.readLine();      while(line != null && !line.equals("")) {        String lineP1 = line.substring(0, line.indexOf(":")).trim();        String lineP2 = line.substring(line.indexOf(" "), line.length()).trim();        headers.put(lineP1, lineP2);        line = in.readLine();      }      // If read line is empty, but next line(s) have data, create body      // from them      if(line != null && line.equals("")) {        body = "";        while( (line = in.readLine()) != null && !line.equals("")) {          body += line;        }      }    } catch(Exception e) {      logger.error("Problem setting request values from template: ", e);    }    return this;  }    /**   * Performs the request using the stored request data and then returns the response.   *    * @return response Response, will contain entire response (response string and status code).   */  public Response perform_request() throws Exception {        Response response = null;        try {      for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry: headers.entrySet()) {        reqSpec.header(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());      }        for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry: cookie_list.entrySet()) {        reqSpec.cookie(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());      }        switch(call_type) {          case "GET": {          response = reqSpec.get(call_string);          break;        }        case "POST": {          response = reqSpec.body(body).post(call_string);          break;        }        case "PUT": {          response = reqSpec.body(body).put(call_string);          break;        }        case "DELETE": {          response = reqSpec.delete(call_string);          break;        }          default: {          logger.error("Unknown call type: [" + call_type + "]");        }      }          } catch (Exception e) {      logger.error("Problem performing request: ", e);    }    return response;  }  /**   * Splits a template string into tokens, separating out tokens that look like "<<key>>"   *    * @param template String, the template to be tokenized.   * @return list String[], contains the tokens from the template.   */  private String[] tokenize_template(String template) {    return template.split("(?=[<]{2})|(?<=[>]{2})");  }}

 

RecordHandler

package com.demo.qa.utils;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;public class RecordHandler {  private enum RecordType {    VALUE, NAMED_MAP, INDEXED_LIST  }  private String single_value = "";  private HashMap<String, String> named_value_map = new HashMap<String, String>();  private List<String> indexed_value_list = new ArrayList<String>();  private RecordType myType;  public RecordHandler() {    this("");  }  public RecordHandler(String value) {    this.myType = RecordType.VALUE;    this.single_value = value;  }  public RecordHandler(HashMap<String, String> map) {    this.myType = RecordType.NAMED_MAP;    this.named_value_map = map;  }  public RecordHandler(List<String> list) {    this.myType = RecordType.INDEXED_LIST;    this.indexed_value_list = list;  }  public HashMap<String, String> get_map() {    return named_value_map;  }  public int size() {    int result = 0;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.VALUE)) {      result = 1;    } else if(myType.equals(RecordType.NAMED_MAP)) {      result = named_value_map.size();    } else if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST)) {      result = indexed_value_list.size();    }    return result;  }  public String get() {    String result = "";    if(myType.equals(RecordType.VALUE)) result = single_value;    else {      System.out.println("Called get() on wrong type:" + myType.toString());    }    return result;  }  public String get(String key) {    String result = "";    if(myType.equals(RecordType.NAMED_MAP)) result = named_value_map.get(key);    return result;  }  public String get(Integer index) {    String result = "";    if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST)) result = indexed_value_list.get(index);    return result;  }  public Boolean set(String value) {    Boolean result = false;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.VALUE)) {      this.single_value = value;      result = true;    } else if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST)) {      this.indexed_value_list.add(value);      result = true;    }    return result;  }  public Boolean set(String key, String value) {    Boolean result = false;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.NAMED_MAP)) {      this.named_value_map.put(key, value);      result = true;    }    return result;  }  public Boolean set(Integer index, String value) {    Boolean result = false;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST)) {      if(this.indexed_value_list.size() > index) this.indexed_value_list.set(index, value);      result = true;    }    return result;  }  public Boolean has(String value) {    Boolean result = false;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.VALUE) && this.single_value.equals(value)) {      result = true;    } else if(myType.equals(RecordType.NAMED_MAP) && this.named_value_map.containsKey(value)) {      result = true;    } else if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST) && this.indexed_value_list.contains(value)) {      result = true;    }    return result;  }  public Boolean remove(String value) {    Boolean result = false;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.VALUE) && this.single_value.equals(value)) {      this.single_value = "";      result = true;    }    if(myType.equals(RecordType.NAMED_MAP) && this.named_value_map.containsKey(value)) {      this.named_value_map.remove(value);      result = true;    } else if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST) && this.indexed_value_list.contains(value)) {      this.indexed_value_list.remove(value);      result = true;    }    return result;  }  public Boolean remove(Integer index) {    Boolean result = false;    if(myType.equals(RecordType.INDEXED_LIST) && this.indexed_value_list.contains(index)) {      this.indexed_value_list.remove(index);      result = true;    }    return result;  }}

 

其它不重要的类不一一列出来了。

 

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <groupId>com.demo</groupId>    <artifactId>qa</artifactId>    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>Automation</name>    <description>Test project for Demo</description>    <properties>        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>    </properties>    <build>        <plugins>            <plugin>                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>                <version>3.1</version>                <configuration>                    <source>1.7</source>                    <target>1.7</target>                </configuration>            </plugin>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>            <plugin>                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>            <plugin>                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>            </plugin>        </plugins>        <pluginManagement>            <plugins>                <plugin>                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>                    <version>2.5</version>                    <executions>                        <execution>                            <id>default-jar</id>                            <goals>                                <goal>test-jar</goal>                            </goals>                            <configuration>                                <archive>                                    <manifest>                                        <mainClass>com.demo.qa.utils.TestStartup</mainClass>                                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>                                        <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>                                        <useUniqueVersions>false</useUniqueVersions>                                    </manifest>                                </archive>                            </configuration>                        </execution>                    </executions>                </plugin>                <plugin>                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>                    <version>2.17</version>                    <configuration>                        <skip>true</skip>                        <suiteXmlFiles>                            <suiteXmlFile>src\test\resources\HTTPReqGenTest.xml</suiteXmlFile>                        </suiteXmlFiles>                    </configuration>                </plugin>                <plugin>                    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>                    <version>2.8</version>                    <executions>                        <execution>                            <id>default-cli</id>                            <phase>package</phase>                            <goals>                                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>                            </goals>                            <configuration>                                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>                            </configuration>                        </execution>                    </executions>                </plugin>                <plugin>                    <groupId>org.eclipse.m2e</groupId>                    <artifactId>lifecycle-mapping</artifactId>                    <version>1.0.0</version>                    <configuration>                        <lifecycleMappingMetadata>                            <pluginExecutions>                                <pluginExecution>                                    <pluginExecutionFilter>                                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                                        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>                                        <versionRange>[1.0.0,)</versionRange>                                        <goals>                                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>                                        </goals>                                    </pluginExecutionFilter>                                    <action>                                        <execute />                                    </action>                                </pluginExecution>                            </pluginExecutions>                        </lifecycleMappingMetadata>                    </configuration>                </plugin>            </plugins>        </pluginManagement>    </build>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>            <version>3.3.2</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>            <version>2.4</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.jayway.restassured</groupId>            <artifactId>rest-assured</artifactId>            <version>2.3.3</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>com.jayway.restassured</groupId>            <artifactId>json-path</artifactId>            <version>2.3.3</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>            <version>3.10.1</version>            <exclusions>                <exclusion>                    <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>                    <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>                </exclusion>            </exclusions>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>            <version>6.8</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>commons-cli</groupId>            <artifactId>commons-cli</artifactId>            <version>1.2</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>            <version>3.10.1</version>            <exclusions>                <exclusion>                    <artifactId>xml-apis</artifactId>                    <groupId>xml-apis</groupId>                </exclusion>            </exclusions>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.skyscreamer</groupId>            <artifactId>jsonassert</artifactId>            <version>1.2.3</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>            <version>1.7.7</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>            <version>1.7.6</version>        </dependency>    </dependencies></project>

 

运行是通过TestNG的xml文件来执行的， 里面配置了Parameter “workBook” 的路径

 

 

 

TestNG的运行结果都是Pass, 但事实上里面有case是Fail的，我只是借助TestNG来运行，我并没有在@Test方法里加断言Assert, 所以这里不会Fail, 我的目的是完全用Excel来管理维护测试数据以及测试结果，做到数据脚本完全分离。

 

 

Output sheet

 

Comparison sheet

 

Result sheet

 

 

当然 你也可以把maven工程打成一个可执行jar来运行,不过需要增加一个main函数作为入口，xml测试文件通过参数传递进去，另外还需要在pom里配置一些插件，像maven-jar-plugin。

如果你还需要做back-end DB check，你可以在Input里再增加几列，你要查询的表，字段，Baseline里也相应的加上期望结果，这里就不再赘述了。