Linux下C++实现http请求
来源：互联网 发布：sai mac 10.11 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/05/21 14:55
代码根据网上资料参考修改.
main.cpp
#include HttpReq.h#include <string.h>int main(void){ HttpRequest* Http; char http_return[4096] = {0}; char http_msg[4096] = {0}; strcpy(http_msg, "http://目标主机的IP和要发送的请求信息"); if(Http->HttpGet(http_msg, http_return)){ std::cout << http_return << std::endl; } return 0;}下面是头文件，和cpp文件放到同一个文件夹
HttpReq.h
//// Created by thinker on 7/6/16.//#ifndef PROJECT_HTTPREQ_H#define PROJECT_HTTPREQ_H#endif //PROJECT_HTTPREQ_H#include <string.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <fcntl.h>#include <errno.h>#include <netdb.h>#include <stdarg.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#include <netinet/in.h>#include <arpa/inet.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/socket.h>#define BUFSIZE 41000#define URLSIZE 1024#define INVALID_SOCKET -1#define __DEBUG__class HttpRequest{public: HttpRequest(); ~HttpRequest(); void DebugOut(const char *fmt, ...); int HttpGet(const char* strUrl, char* strResponse); int HttpPost(const char* strUrl, const char* strData, char* strResponse);private: int HttpRequestExec(const char* strMethod, const char* strUrl, const char* strData, char* strResponse); char* HttpHeadCreate(const char* strMethod, const char* strUrl, const char* strData); char* HttpDataTransmit(char *strHttpHead, const int iSockFd); int GetPortFromUrl(const char* strUrl); char* GetIPFromUrl(const char* strUrl); char* GetParamFromUrl(const char* strUrl); char* GetHostAddrFromUrl(const char* strUrl); int SocketFdCheck(const int iSockFd); static int m_iSocketFd;};int HttpRequest::HttpGet(const char* strUrl, char* strResponse){ return HttpRequestExec("GET", strUrl, NULL, strResponse);}/*** 功能描述：HttpPost请求* 参数说明：* strUrl： Http请求URL* strData： POST请求发送的数据* strResponse：Http请求响应* 返 回 值：* 1表示成功* 0表示失败**/int HttpRequest::HttpPost(const char* strUrl, const char* strData, char* strResponse){ return HttpRequestExec("POST", strUrl, strData, strResponse);}//执行HTTP请求，GET或POSTint HttpRequest::HttpRequestExec(const char* strMethod, const char* strUrl, const char* strData, char* strResponse){ //判断URL是否有效 if((strUrl == NULL) || (0 == strcmp(strUrl, ""))) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tURL为空\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__); return 0; } //限制URL长度 if(URLSIZE < strlen(strUrl)) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tURL的长度不能超过%d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, URLSIZE); return 0; } //创建HTTP协议头 char* strHttpHead = HttpHeadCreate(strMethod, strUrl, strData); //判断套接字m_iSocketFd是否有效，有效就直接发送数据 if(m_iSocketFd != INVALID_SOCKET) { //检查SocketFd是否为可写不可读状态 if(SocketFdCheck(m_iSocketFd) > 0) { char* strResult = HttpDataTransmit(strHttpHead, m_iSocketFd); if(NULL != strResult) { strcpy(strResponse, strResult); return 1; } } } //Create socket m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; m_iSocketFd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (m_iSocketFd < 0 ) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tsocket error! Error code: %d，Error message: %s\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, errno, strerror(errno)); return 0; } //Bind address and port int iPort = GetPortFromUrl(strUrl); if(iPort < 0) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\t从URL获取端口失败\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__); return 0; } char* strIP = GetIPFromUrl(strUrl); if(strIP == NULL) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\t从URL获取IP地址失败\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__); return 0; } struct sockaddr_in servaddr; bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET; servaddr.sin_port = htons(iPort); if (inet_pton(AF_INET, strIP, &servaddr.sin_addr) <= 0 ) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tinet_pton error! Error code: %d，Error message: %s\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, errno, strerror(errno)); close(m_iSocketFd); m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; return 0; } //Set non-blocking int flags = fcntl(m_iSocketFd, F_GETFL, 0); if(fcntl(m_iSocketFd, F_SETFL, flags|O_NONBLOCK) == -1) { close(m_iSocketFd); m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; DebugOut("%s %s %d\tfcntl error! Error code: %d，Error message: %s\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, errno, strerror(errno)); return 0; } //非阻塞方式连接 int iRet = connect(m_iSocketFd, (struct sockaddr *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)); if(iRet == 0) { char* strResult = HttpDataTransmit(strHttpHead, m_iSocketFd); if(NULL != strResult) { strcpy(strResponse, strResult); free(strResult); return 1; } else { close(m_iSocketFd); m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; free(strResult); return 0; } } else if(iRet < 0) { if(errno != EINPROGRESS) { return 0; } } iRet = SocketFdCheck(m_iSocketFd); if(iRet > 0) { char* strResult = HttpDataTransmit(strHttpHead, m_iSocketFd); if(NULL == strResult) { close(m_iSocketFd); m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; return 0; } else { strcpy(strResponse, strResult); free(strResult); return 1; } } else { close(m_iSocketFd); m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; return 0; } return 1;}//构建HTTP消息头char* HttpRequest::HttpHeadCreate(const char* strMethod, const char* strUrl, const char* strData){ char* strHost = GetHostAddrFromUrl(strUrl); char* strParam = GetParamFromUrl(strUrl); char* strHttpHead = (char*)malloc(BUFSIZE); memset(strHttpHead, 0, BUFSIZE); strcat(strHttpHead, strMethod); strcat(strHttpHead, " /"); strcat(strHttpHead, strParam); free(strParam); strcat(strHttpHead, " HTTP/1.1\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "Accept: */*\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "Accept-Language: cn\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "Host: "); strcat(strHttpHead, strHost); strcat(strHttpHead, "\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "Cache-Control: no-cache\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n"); if(0 == strcmp(strMethod, "POST")) { char len[8] = {0}; unsigned uLen = strlen(strData); sprintf(len, "%d", uLen); strcat(strHttpHead, "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, "Content-Length: "); strcat(strHttpHead, len); strcat(strHttpHead, "\r\n\r\n"); strcat(strHttpHead, strData); } strcat(strHttpHead, "\r\n\r\n"); free(strHost); return strHttpHead;}//发送HTTP请求并接受响应char* HttpRequest::HttpDataTransmit(char *strHttpHead, const int iSockFd){ char* buf = (char*)malloc(BUFSIZE); memset(buf, 0, BUFSIZE); int ret = send(iSockFd,(void *)strHttpHead,strlen(strHttpHead)+1,0); free(strHttpHead); if (ret < 0) { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tsend error! Error code: %d，Error message: %s\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, errno, strerror(errno)); close(iSockFd); return NULL; } while(1) { ret = recv(iSockFd, (void *)buf, BUFSIZE,0); if (ret == 0) //连接关闭 { close(iSockFd); return NULL; } else if(ret > 0) { return buf; } else if(ret < 0) //出错 { if(errno == EINTR || errno == EWOULDBLOCK || errno == EAGAIN) { continue; } else { close(iSockFd); return NULL; } } }}//从HTTP请求URL中获取主机地址，网址或者点分十进制IP地址char* HttpRequest::GetHostAddrFromUrl(const char* strUrl){ char url[URLSIZE] = {0}; strcpy(url, strUrl); char* strAddr = strstr(url, "http://");//判断有没有http:// if(strAddr == NULL) { strAddr = strstr(url, "https://");//判断有没有https:// if(strAddr != NULL) { strAddr += 8; } } else { strAddr += 7; } if(strAddr == NULL) { strAddr = url; } int iLen = strlen(strAddr); char* strHostAddr = (char*)malloc(iLen+1); memset(strHostAddr, 0, iLen+1); for(int i=0; i<iLen+1; i++) { if(strAddr[i] == '/') { break; } else { strHostAddr[i] = strAddr[i]; } } return strHostAddr;}//从HTTP请求URL中获取HTTP请参数char* HttpRequest::GetParamFromUrl(const char* strUrl){ char url[URLSIZE] = {0}; strcpy(url, strUrl); char* strAddr = strstr(url, "http://");//判断有没有http:// if(strAddr == NULL) { strAddr = strstr(url, "https://");//判断有没有https:// if(strAddr != NULL) { strAddr += 8; } } else { strAddr += 7; } if(strAddr == NULL) { strAddr = url; } int iLen = strlen(strAddr); char* strParam = (char*)malloc(iLen+1); memset(strParam, 0, iLen+1); int iPos = -1; for(int i=0; i<iLen+1; i++) { if(strAddr[i] == '/') { iPos = i; break; } } if(iPos == -1) { strcpy(strParam, "");; } else { strcpy(strParam, strAddr+iPos+1); } return strParam;}//从HTTP请求URL中获取端口号int HttpRequest::GetPortFromUrl(const char* strUrl){ int iPort = -1; char* strHostAddr = GetHostAddrFromUrl(strUrl); if(strHostAddr == NULL) { return -1; } char strAddr[URLSIZE] = {0}; strcpy(strAddr, strHostAddr); free(strHostAddr); char* strPort = strchr(strAddr, ':'); if(strPort == NULL) { iPort = 80; } else { iPort = atoi(++strPort); } return iPort;}//从HTTP请求URL中获取IP地址char* HttpRequest::GetIPFromUrl(const char* strUrl){ char* strHostAddr = GetHostAddrFromUrl(strUrl); int iLen = strlen(strHostAddr); char* strAddr = (char*)malloc(iLen+1); memset(strAddr, 0, iLen+1); int iCount = 0; int iFlag = 0; for(int i=0; i<iLen+1; i++) { if(strHostAddr[i] == ':') { break; } strAddr[i] = strHostAddr[i]; if(strHostAddr[i] == '.') { iCount++; continue; } if(iFlag == 1) { continue; } if((strHostAddr[i] >= '0') || (strHostAddr[i] <= '9')) { iFlag = 0; } else { iFlag = 1; } } free(strHostAddr); if(strlen(strAddr) <= 1) { return NULL; } //判断是否为点分十进制IP地址，否则通过域名地址获取IP地址 if((iCount == 3) && (iFlag == 0)) { return strAddr; } else { struct hostent *he = gethostbyname(strAddr); free(strAddr); if (he == NULL) { return NULL; } else { struct in_addr** addr_list = (struct in_addr **)he->h_addr_list; for(int i = 0; addr_list[i] != NULL; i++) { return inet_ntoa(*addr_list[i]); } return NULL; } }}//检查SocketFd是否为可写不可读状态int HttpRequest::SocketFdCheck(const int iSockFd){ struct timeval timeout ; fd_set rset,wset; FD_ZERO(&rset); FD_ZERO(&wset); FD_SET(iSockFd, &rset); FD_SET(iSockFd, &wset); timeout.tv_sec = 3; timeout.tv_usec = 500; int iRet = select(iSockFd+1, &rset, &wset, NULL, &timeout); if(iRet > 0) { //判断SocketFd是否为可写不可读状态 int iW = FD_ISSET(iSockFd,&wset); int iR = FD_ISSET(iSockFd,&rset); if(iW && !iR) { char error[4] = ""; socklen_t len = sizeof(error); int ret = getsockopt(iSockFd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_ERROR,error,&len); if(ret == 0) { if(!strcmp(error, "")) { return iRet;//表示已经准备好的描述符数 } else { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tgetsockopt error code:%d,error message:%s", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, errno, strerror(errno)); } } else { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tgetsockopt failed. error code:%d,error message:%s", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, errno, strerror(errno)); } } else { DebugOut("%s %s %d\tsockFd是否在可写字符集中：%d，是否在可读字符集中：%d\t(0表示不在)\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, iW, iR); } } else if(iRet == 0) { return 0;//表示超时 } else { return -1;//select出错，所有描述符集清0 } return -2;//其他错误}//打印输出void HttpRequest::DebugOut(const char *fmt, ...){#ifdef __DEBUG__ va_list ap; va_start(ap, fmt); vprintf(fmt, ap); va_end(ap);#endif}int HttpRequest::m_iSocketFd = INVALID_SOCKET; 0 0
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