转载请标明出处：一片枫叶的专栏
前面一篇文章中我们讲解了android里面的多渠道打包，对于大型的app来说，几百个上千个渠道包都是很正常的事，所以效率定制化是一件很重要的事。主要讲解了三种多渠道打包方式，并分析了其各自的利弊，在各自产品多渠道打包的时候，可以根据自身的产品需求选择相应的打包方式，具体可参考：android产品研发（五）–>多渠道打包。
而本文主要讲解Apk的混淆，这里的混淆分为两种代码混淆和资源文件混淆。实际的产品研发中为了防止自己的劳动成果被别人窃取，混淆代码能有效防止apk文件被反编译，进而查看源代码。说来惭愧，作为互联网创业公司的我们也确实对竞品Apk反编译研究过，如果Apk混淆之后确实对理解源码的业务流程造成了困扰，这也从侧面说明了Apk混淆的重要性。
所以对于android apk安装文件来说如何混淆代码实现对apk文件的保护是一个很重要的问题，而android提供了Progurd方式来混淆apk中的代码，其核心的逻辑是在代码层将一些易懂的源代码类名，方法名称替换成毫无意义的a、b、c、d…，这样当别人反编译出你的Apk文件时，看到的源代码也无法还原其本身的逻辑。
下面我们将分别介绍代码混淆与资源文件混淆具体实践。
- 代码混淆-Progurd
下面来总结以下混淆代码的步骤：
- 在android studio的android项目中找到module的gradle配置文件，添加proguard配置
<code class="hljs cs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">buildTypes { debug { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 显示Log</span> buildConfigField <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"boolean"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"LOG_DEBUG"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//混淆</span> minifyEnabled <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//Zipalign优化</span> zipAlignEnabled <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 移除无用的resource文件</span> shrinkResources <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//加载默认混淆配置文件</span> proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'proguard-android.txt'</span>), <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'proguard-rules.pro'</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//签名</span> signingConfig signingConfigs.debug } release { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 不显示Log</span> buildConfigField <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"boolean"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"LOG_DEBUG"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"false"</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//混淆</span> minifyEnabled <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//Zipalign优化</span> zipAlignEnabled <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 移除无用的resource文件</span> shrinkResources <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">true</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//加载默认混淆配置文件</span> proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'proguard-android.txt'</span>), <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'proguard-rules.pro'</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//签名</span> signingConfig signingConfigs.relealse } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li></ul>- 找到项目中的proguard-rules.pro文件，该文件就是我们的混淆配置文件
3.编写proguard-rules.pro文件，添加混淆配置
（1）proguard混淆语法
<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">-libraryjars class_path 应用的依赖包，如android-support-v4 -keep [,modifier,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>] class_specification 这里的keep就是保持的意思，意味着不混淆某些类 -keepclassmembers [,modifier,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>] class_specification 同样的保持，不混淆类的成员 -keepclasseswithmembers [,modifier,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>] class_specification 不混淆类及其成员 -keepnames class_specification 不混淆类及其成员名 -keepclassmembernames class_specification 不混淆类的成员名 -keepclasseswithmembernames class_specification 不混淆类及其成员名 -assumenosideeffects class_specification 假设调用不产生任何影响，在proguard代码优化时会将该调用remove掉。如system.out.println和Log.v等等 -dontwarn [class_filter] 不提示warnning </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li></ul>
（2）混淆原则
<code class="hljs javascript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">jni方法不可混淆反射用到的类不混淆(否则反射可能出现问题)AndroidMainfest中的类不混淆，四大组件和Application的子类和Framework层下所有的类默认不会进行混淆Parcelable的子类和Creator静态成员变量不混淆，否则会产生android.os.BadParcelableException异常使用GSON、fastjson等框架时，所写的<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">JSON</span>对象类不混淆，否则无法将<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">JSON</span>解析成对应的对象使用第三方开源库或者引用其他第三方的SDK包时，需要在混淆文件中加入对应的混淆规则有用到WEBView的JS调用也需要保证写的接口方法不混淆</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>
（3）第三方库的混淆原则
<code class="hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">一般的第三方库都有自身的混淆方案，可直接引用其自身的混淆配置即可若无混淆配置，一般的可配置不混淆第三方库</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
（4）最后帖上我们项目中实际的混淆方案
# Glide图片库的混淆处理-keep public class * implements com.bumptech.glide.module.GlideModule-keep public enum com.bumptech.glide.load.resource.bitmap.ImageHeaderParser$** { **[] $VALUES; public *;}-optimizationpasses 5-dontusemixedcaseclassnames-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses-dontpreverify-verbose-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!field/*,!class/merging/*# 高德地图混淆脚本-keep class com.android.support.**{ *; }-keep interface android.support.v4.app.**{ *; }-keep public class * extends android.support.v4.**-keep public class * extends android.app.Fragment-dontwarn com.amap.api.**-dontwarn com.a.a.**-dontwarn com.autonavi.**-keep class com.amap.api.** {*;}-keep class com.autonavi.** {*;}-keep class com.a.a.** {*;}# Gson混淆脚本-keep class com.google.gson.stream.** {*;}-keep class com.youyou.uuelectric.renter.Network.user.** {*;}# butterknife混淆脚本-dontwarn butterknife.internal.**-keep class **$$ViewInjector { *; }-keepnames class * { @butterknife.InjectView *;}# -------------系统类不需要混淆 ---------------------------keep public class * extends android.app.Fragment-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity-keep public class * extends android.app.Application-keep public class * extends android.app.Service-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper-keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference-keep public class * extends android.<span class="hljs-title" style="box-siz
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