设计模式:观察者模式
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设计模式系列目录
今天介绍另一种模式
观察者模式是我们经常用的一个模式,比如在用wcf做服务的时候通知客户端做一些操作一般用设计者模式。
今天做一个订报纸的小例子来理解一下观察者模式 出版者+订阅者=观察者模式
用下边的图来说就是 人民日报+订阅者=观察者模式
只要是订阅了人民日报的人,有了新报纸就会送到订阅者那里去,
当你不想订的时候取消就不订阅就不会再收到报纸了。
下面我们就来用代码实现一下这个模式
//报纸接口
public
interface
INewsPaper
{
//添加订阅者
void
RegisterSubscriber(ISubScribe f_subScribe);
//取消订阅
void
RemoveSubScriber(ISubScribe f_subScribe);
//发送报纸
void
SendPaper();
}
//订阅者
public
interface
ISubScribe
{
//有新的报纸了就会被执行通知
void
HasNewPaper();
}
//人民日报
public
class
PeopleNewsPaper : INewsPaper
{
private
List<ISubScribe> subList =
new
List<ISubScribe>();
public
void
RegisterSubscriber(ISubScribe f_subScribe)
{
subList.Add(f_subScribe);
}
public
void
RemoveSubScriber(ISubScribe f_subScribe)
{
if
(subList.IndexOf(f_subScribe) >= 0)
{
subList.Remove(f_subScribe);
}
}
//发报纸啦~~
public
void
SendPaper()
{
foreach
(ISubScribe _sub
in
subList)
{
_sub.HasNewPaper();
}
}
}
public
class
subHuman : ISubScribe
{
//订阅者的名字
private
string
p_name;
public
subHuman(
string
f_name)
{
p_name = f_name;
}
//告诉订阅者有新报纸了
public
void
HasNewPaper()
{
Console.WriteLine(p_name +
"!! 有新的报纸了,请查收!"
);
}
}
开始订订阅,和调用了
static
void
Main(
string
[] args)
{
PeopleNewsPaper _paper =
new
PeopleNewsPaper();
subHuman _XiaoMing =
new
subHuman(
"小明"
);
subHuman _ZhaoYun =
new
subHuman(
"赵云"
);
subHuman _LiuBei =
new
subHuman(
"刘备"
);
//小明订报
_paper.RegisterSubscriber(_XiaoMing);
//赵云订报
_paper.RegisterSubscriber(_ZhaoYun);
//刘备订报
_paper.RegisterSubscriber(_LiuBei);
//有新报纸了
_paper.SendPaper();
Console.WriteLine(
"---------------发完报纸了------------------"
);
//小明不想订了,取消报纸
_paper.RemoveSubScriber(_XiaoMing);
//又有新报纸了 就没有小明的报纸 了
_paper.SendPaper();
Console.ReadLine();
}
c++代码
#pragma once#include <iostream>//订阅者class ISubScribe{public: //有新的报纸了就会被执行通知 virtual void HasNewPaper() = 0; virtual ~ISubScribe(){}};//报纸接口class INewsPaper{public: //添加订阅者 virtual void RegisterSubscriber(ISubScribe* f_subScribe) = 0; //取消订阅 virtual void RemoveSubScriber(ISubScribe* f_subScribe) = 0; //发送报纸 virtual void SendPaper() = 0; virtual ~INewsPaper(){}};
#pragma once#include "inewspaper.h"#include <iostream>#include <vector>using namespace std;class PeopleNewsPaper : public INewsPaper{public: PeopleNewsPaper(); virtual ~PeopleNewsPaper(); //添加订阅者 void RegisterSubscriber(ISubScribe* f_subScribe); //取消订阅 void RemoveSubScriber(ISubScribe* f_subScribe); //发送报纸 void SendPaper();private: vector<ISubScribe*> subs;};#include "PeopleNewsPaper.h"#include <algorithm>void MyClearSub(ISubScribe* sub){ if (sub) { delete sub; sub = nullptr; }}PeopleNewsPaper::PeopleNewsPaper(){}PeopleNewsPaper::~PeopleNewsPaper(){ if (!subs.empty()) { for_each(subs.begin(), subs.end(), MyClearSub); subs.clear(); }}//添加订阅者void PeopleNewsPaper::RegisterSubscriber(ISubScribe* f_subScribe){ if (subs.empty()) { subs.push_back(f_subScribe); } else if (find(subs.begin(), subs.end(), f_subScribe) == subs.end()) { subs.push_back(f_subScribe); }}//取消订阅void PeopleNewsPaper::RemoveSubScriber(ISubScribe* f_subScribe){ vector<ISubScribe*>::iterator itor = find(subs.begin(), subs.end(), f_subScribe); if (itor != subs.end()) { subs.erase(itor); MyClearSub(f_subScribe); }}//发送报纸void PeopleNewsPaper::SendPaper(){ for (ISubScribe* sub : subs) { sub->HasNewPaper(); }}
#pragma once#include "inewspaper.h"#include <iostream>#include <string>class SubHuman : public ISubScribe{public: SubHuman(std::string name); ~SubHuman(); void HasNewPaper();private: std::string m_name;};#include "SubHuman.h"using namespace std;SubHuman::SubHuman(string name){ m_name = name;}SubHuman::~SubHuman(){}void SubHuman::HasNewPaper(){ std::cout << m_name << "有报纸来了!!" << endl;}
调用
#include <iostream>#include "inewspaper.h"#include "PeopleNewsPaper.h"#include "SubHuman.h"int main(){ INewsPaper* peopPaper = new PeopleNewsPaper(); ISubScribe* sub = new SubHuman("小李"); peopPaper->RegisterSubscriber(sub); sub = new SubHuman("小张"); peopPaper->RegisterSubscriber(sub); sub = new SubHuman("小刘"); peopPaper->RegisterSubscriber(sub); peopPaper->SendPaper(); peopPaper->RemoveSubScriber(sub); peopPaper->SendPaper(); delete peopPaper;}
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