hadoop2.7.2分布式集群搭建和生态系统配置

本文只介绍集群环境安装配置,其中的功能使用不做过多说明.详情参考其他资料
集群没有配置HA,详情参考其他资料，或本人接下来的文章
一  版本搭配问题:

Hadoop使用的是目前比较新的稳定版本

hive

27 June 2015 : release 1.2.1 available
This release works with Hadoop 1.x.y, 2.x.y
当然还有2.0.0版本,当时也没直接选了1.2.1后来也不想改动了hive的其他说明
hive与java,hadoop选择
Java 1.7
Note:  Hive versions 1.2 onward require Java 1.7 or newer. Hive versions 0.14 to 1.1 work with Java 1.6 as well. Users are strongly advised to start moving to Java 1.8 (see HIVE-8607).  
Hadoop 2.x (preferred), 1.x (not supported by Hive 2.0.0 onward).
Hive versions up to 0.13 also supported Hadoop 0.20.x, 0.23.x.
hive的元数据和mysql选择
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/AdminManual+MetastoreAdmin
Database    Minimum Supported Version    Name for Parameter Values
MS SQL      Server    2008 R2    mssql
MySQL       5.6.17       mysql
Oracle       11g          oracle
Postgres    9.1.13    postgres
hive数据存储整合hbase选择
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/HBaseIntegration
Hive 1.x will remain compatible with HBase 0.98.x and lower versions. Hive 2.x will be compatible with HBase 1.x and higher.

hbase

The 1.1.x series is the current stable release line, it supercedes 1.0.x, 0.98.x and 0.94.x (the 1.0.x, 0.98.x and 0.94.x lines are still seeing a monthly cadence of bug fix releases for those who are not easily able to update). Note that 0.96 was EOL'd September 1st, 2014.
这里说明1.1.x是稳定版本,但为何要使用hbase1.2.1看官方说明
http://hbase.apache.org/book.html#java找到第四项Basic Prerequisites查看hbase和java,以及hadoop支持,文中表示hadoop2.7.x不支持hbase1.1.x需要使用hbase1.2.x才可以,所以选用hbase1.2.1

zookeeper

zookeeper的兼容性最好,所以选了当时的稳定版3.4.8

pig

6 June, 2015: release 0.15.0 available
This release works with Hadoop 0.23.X, 1.X and 2.X

sqoop

由于使用的是hadoop2.x就只能使用对应的sqoop-1.4.6.bin__hadoop-2.0.4-alpha.tar.gz 

集群节点配置

ip   192.168.2.3;192.168.2.10 ;192.168.11

hostname: hadoop;hadoop1;hadoop2

hadoop1:NameNode,SecondaryNameNode,ResourceManager,HMaster

hadoop2:DataNode,NodeManager,HRegionserver

hadoop3:DataNode,NodeManager,HRegionserver

综上所述,开始搭建集群

二 版本,路径和环境变量的设置

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1. /usr/local/maven/maven-3.3.9  
2. /usr/local/ant/apache-ant-1.9.7  
3. /usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80  
4. /usr/local/mysql(5.6 or later)  

/etc/profile

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1. export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/maven/maven-3.3.9  
2. export ANT_HOME=/usr/local/ant/apache-ant-1.9.7  
3. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80  
4. export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$ANT_HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:$MAVEN_HOME/bin  
5. export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$JAVA_HOME/lib/toos.jar:$ANT_HOME/lib/ant-launcher.jar:$ANT_HOME/lib/*.jar  

安装路径

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1. /opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2  
2. /opt/modules/hive-1.2.1  
3. /opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1  
4. /opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.8  
5. /opt/modules/sqoop-1.4.6  

~/.bashrc或者~/.bash_profile

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1. export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2  
2. export HIVE_HOME=/opt/modules/hive-1.2.1  
3. export SQOOP_HOME=/opt/modules/sqoop-1.4.6  
4. export HBASE_HOME=/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1  
5. export ZOOKEEPER_HOME=/opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.8  
6. export PIG_HOME=/opt/modules/pig-0.15.0  
7. export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HIVE_HOME/bin:$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin:$HBASE_HOME/bin:$SQOOP_HOME/bin:$PIG_HOME/bin  
8. export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$PIG_HOME/pig-0.15.0-core-h2.jar  

基本工作
集群节点hostname为hadoop,hadoop1,hadoop2,虚拟机桥接设置
设置静态ip    vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
更改hostname:
Centos
sudo echo hadoop1> /etc/sysconfig/network
ubuntu
sudo echo hadoop> /etc/hostname
ip绑定host

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1. vim /etc/hosts  
2. 192.168.2.3    hadoop  
3. 192.168.2.10    hadoop1  
4. 192.168.2.11    hadoop2  

关闭防火墙

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1. service iptables status  
2. service iptables stop  
3. vim /ect/sysconfig/selinux  
4. SELINUX=disabled  

ssh传输协议

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1. ssh-keygen -t rsa  
2. ssh-copy-id -i /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ${hostname}  

haodoop配置

/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

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1. export HADOOP_PREFIX=/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2  
2. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80  

/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

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1. <configuration>  
2.     <property>  
3.         <name>fs.defaultFS</name>  
4.         <value>hdfs://hadoop:9000</value>  
5.     </property>  
6.     <property>  
7.         <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>  
8.         <value>/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/data</value>  
9.     </property>  
10.     <property>  
11.         <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>  
12.         <value>131072</value>  
13.     </property>  
14.     <property>  
15.         <name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.hosts</name>  
16.         <value>*</value>  
17.     </property>  
18.     <property>  
19.         <name>hadoop.proxyuser.hadoop.groups</name>  
20.         <value>*</value>  
21.     </property>  
22. </configuration>  

/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

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1. <configuration>  
2.     <property>  
3.         <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>  
4.         <value>hadoop:50090</value>  
5.     </property>  
6.     <property>  
7.         <name>dfs.replication</name>  
8.         <value>1</value>  
9.     </property>  
10.     <property>  
11.         <name>dfs.permissions.enabled</name>  
12.         <value>false</value>  
13.     </property>  
14.     <property>  
15.         <name>dfs.blocksize</name>  
16.         <value>33554432</value>  
17.     </property>  
18.   
19.     <property>  
20.         <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>  
21.         <value>file:/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/data/dfs/name</value>  
22.     </property>  
23.     <property>  
24.         <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>  
25.         <value>file:/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/data/dfs/data</value>  
26.     </property>  
27.     <property>  
28.         <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>  
29.         <value>true</value>  
30.     </property>  
31. </configuration>  

/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/slaves

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1. hadoop1  
2. hadoop2  

/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

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1. <configuration>  
2.   
3.     <property>  
4.         <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>  
5.         <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>  
6.     </property>  
7.     <property>  
8.         <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce.shuffle.class</name>  
9.         <value>org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler</value>  
10.     </property>  
11.     <property>  
12.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>  
13.         <value>hadoop:8032</value>  
14.         </property>  
15.     <property>  
16.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>  
17.         <value>hadoop:8030</value>  
18.     </property>  
19.     <property>  
20.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>    
21.         <value>hadoop:8031</value>  
22.     </property>  
23.     <property>  
24.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>  
25.         <value>hadoop:8033</value>  
26.     </property>  
27.     <property>  
28.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>  
29.         <value>hadoop:8088</value>  
30.     </property>  
31.   
32.     <property>  
33.         <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>  
34.         <value>hadoop</value>  
35.     </property>  
36.     <property>  
37.         <name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>  
38.         <value>true</value>  
39.     </property>  
40.     <property>  
41.         <name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>  
42.         <value>604800</value>  
43.     </property>  
44. </configuration>  

/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

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1. <configuration>  
2.   
3.     <property>  
4.         <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>  
5.         <value>yarn</value>  
6.     </property>  
7.     <property>  
8.         <name>mapreduce.job.tracker</name>  
9.         <value>hdfs://hadoop:9001</value>  
10.         <final>true</final>  
11.     </property>  
12.     <property>  
13.         <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>  
14.         <value>hadoop:10020</value>  
15.     </property>  
16.     <property>  
17.         <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>  
18.         <value>hadoop:19888</value>  
19.     </property>  
20. </configuration>  

创建路径

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1. /opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/data/dfs/name  
2. /opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/data/dfs/data  
3. /opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2/data/dfs/namesecondary  

hive
/opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/conf/hive-env.sh

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1. <span style="font-size:12px;">export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80  
2. export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2  
3. export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/conf</span>  

/opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/conf/hive-site.xml

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1. <configuration>  
2.     <property>  
3.         <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name>  
4.         <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value>  
5.     </property>  
6.     <property>  
7.         <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  
8.         <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.3:3306/hive</value>  
9.     </property>  
10.     <property>  
11.         <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>  
12.         <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>  
13.     </property>  
14.     <property>  
15.         <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>  
16.         <value>root</value>  
17.     </property>  
18.     <property>  
19.         <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>  
20.         <value>root</value>  
21.     </property>  
22.   
23.     <property>  
24.         <name>hive.hwi.listen.host</name>  
25.         <value>0.0.0.0</value>  
26.     </property>  
27.     <property>  
28.         <name>hive.hwi.listen.port</name>  
29.         <value>9999</value>  
30.     </property>  
31.     <property>  
32.         <name>hive.hwi.war.file</name>  
33.         <value>lib/hive-hwi-1.2.1.war</value>  
34.     </property>  
35.   
36.     <property>  
37.         <name>hive.querylog.location</name>  
38.         <value>/opt/modules/hive/logs</value>  
39.     </property>  
40.     <property>      
41.         <name>hive.aux.jars.path</name>       
42.         <value>file:///opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/lib/hive-hbase-handler-1.2.1.jar,file:///opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/lib/guava-14.0.1.jar,file:///opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/lib/hbase-common-1.2.1.jar,file:///opt/modules/hive-1.2.1/lib/zookeeper-3.4.8.jar</value>      
43.     </property>      
44.     <property>  
45.         <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>  
46.         <value>hadoop:2181,hadoop1:2182,hadoop2:2183</value>  
47.     </property>  
48. </configuration>  

首先说明,第一个段配置是设置mysql存储元数据,首先要安装mysql5.6或更高版本,并设置账号登陆权限和操作权限,Linux下源码安装配置可以参考本人另外一排文章
第二段设置是配置hive-hwi,这里需要编译hive-hwi.war,以及一些必要的jar包,可以参考本人另外一片文章
第三段配置是设置hive整合hbase,这里需要重新编译hbase-hadler-1.2.1.jar,并且配置好hbase和zookeeper,并copy相应必要的jar包,详情看我另一篇文章

zookeeper

/opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.8/conf/zoo.cfg

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1. server.1=192.168.2.3:2888:3888  
2. server.2=192.168.2.10:2888:3888  
3. server.3=192.168.2.11:2888:3888  

/opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.8/data/myid

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1. 1  

hbase
/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1/conf/hbase-env.sh

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1. export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false  
2. export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java/jdk1.7.0_80  
3. export HBASE_CLASSPATH=/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.1/etc/hadoop  

/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1/conf/hbase-site.sh

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1. <configuration>  
2.   <property>  
3.     <name>hbase.rootdir</name>  
4.     <value>hdfs://hadoop:9000/user/hbase</value>  
5.   </property>  
6.   <property>  
7.     <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>  
8.     <value>true</value>  
9.   </property>  
10.   <property>  
11.     <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort</name>  
12.     <value>2181</value>  
13.   </property>  
14.   <property>  
15.     <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>  
16.     <value>hadoop,hadoop1,hadoop2</value>  
17.   </property>  
18.   <property>  
19.     <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>  
20.     <value>/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1/data</value>  
21.   </property>  
22.   <property>  
23.     <name>hbase.zookeeper.session.timeout</name>  
24.     <value>90000</value>  
25.   </property>  
26.   <property>  
27.     <name>hbase.tmp.dir</name>  
28.     <value>/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1/data/tmp</value>  
29.   </property>  
30. </configuration  

/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1/conf/regionservers

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1. hadoop1  
2. hadoop2  

sqoop
/opt/modules/sqoop-1.4.6/conf/sqoop-env.sh

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1. export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2  
2. export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=/opt/modules/hadoop-2.7.2  
3. export HBASE_HOME=/opt/modules/hbase-1.2.1  
4. export HIVE_HOME=/opt/modules/hive-1.2.1  
5. export ZOOCFGDIR=/opt/modules/zookeeper-3.4.8/conf  

/opt/modules/sqoop-1.4.6/bin/configure-sqoop注释一下内容

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1. ## Moved to be a runtime check in sqoop.  
2. # if [ ! -d "${HCAT_HOME}" ]; then  
3. #   echo "Warning: $HCAT_HOME does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail."  
4. #   echo 'Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation.'  
5. # fi  
6.   
7. # if [ ! -d "${ACCUMULO_HOME}" ]; then  
8. #   echo "Warning: $ACCUMULO_HOME does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail."  
9. #　  echo 'Please set $ACCUMULO_HOME to the root of your Accumulo installation.'  
10. #　fi  
11.   
12. # Add HCatalog to dependency list  
13. # if [ -e "${HCAT_HOME}/bin/hcat" ]; then  
14. #   TMP_SQOOP_CLASSPATH=${SQOOP_CLASSPATH}:`${HCAT_HOME}/bin/hcat -classpath`  
15. #   if [ -z "${HIVE_CONF_DIR}" ]; then  
16. #     TMP_SQOOP_CLASSPATH=${TMP_SQOOP_CLASSPATH}:${HIVE_CONF_DIR}  
17. #   fi  
18. #   SQOOP_CLASSPATH=${TMP_SQOOP_CLASSPATH}  
19. # fi  
20.   
21. # Add Accumulo to dependency list  
22. # if [ -e "$ACCUMULO_HOME/bin/accumulo" ]; then  
23. #   for jn in `$ACCUMULO_HOME/bin/accumulo classpath | grep file:.*accumulo.*jar | cut -d':' -f2`; do  
24. #     SQOOP_CLASSPATH=$SQOOP_CLASSPATH:$jn  
25. #   done  
26. #   for jn in `$ACCUMULO_HOME/bin/accumulo classpath | grep file:.*zookeeper.*jar | cut -d':' -f2`; do  
27. #     SQOOP_CLASSPATH=$SQOOP_CLASSPATH:$jn  
28. #   done  
29. # fi  

配置完成后讲hadoop,hbase,zookeeper分别复制到其他节点,并设置每个节点下zookeeper中的myid编号

传输方式为:

scp -r /opt/modules/hadop-2.7.2  hadoop1:/opt/modules/

其他依次同上,注意文件路径都要一一对应,因为复制的配置文件中的路径都是相同的.

完成后即可启动验证.