使用Maven 整合Spring和hibernate 适合初级接触的学者

来源：互联网发布：数据编程是什么工作了编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/17 06:43

本文，主要介绍Spring 和 hibernate怎么去整合，废话就不多说了，如果不知道spring 和hibernate 是干嘛的，还请去问问度娘哈。下面开始一步一步搭建：

工具： Idea

一、先搭建Spring

1.新建一个maven项目：至于填写项目名称什么的就不一一介绍了

这里我的idea没有自动生成test文件夹，需要大家自己建一下，之后的项目目录如下图所示：

2.下面我贴出项目的Pom文件：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <groupId>shop</groupId>    <artifactId>shop</artifactId>    <packaging>war</packaging>    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <name>shop Maven Webapp</name>    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>    <!--版本控制-->    <properties>        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>        <spring.version>4.2.4.RELEASE</spring.version>        <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version>        <struts2.version>2.3.20</struts2.version>        <junit.version>3.8.1</junit.version>    </properties>    <dependencies>        <!--单元测试配置-->        <dependency>            <groupId>junit</groupId>            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>            <version>${junit.version}</version>            <scope>test</scope>        </dependency>        <!--sping 配置-->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <dependency>            <groupId>junit</groupId>            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>            <version>RELEASE</version>        </dependency>        <!--持久化配置  hibernate-->        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.hibernate/hibernate-core -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>            <version>5.0.8.Final</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-orm -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>            <version>${spring.version}</version>        </dependency>        <!--mysql  数据库配置-->        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->        <dependency>            <groupId>mysql</groupId>            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>            <version>5.1.38</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/c3p0/c3p0 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>            <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>            <version>4.3.5.Final</version>        </dependency>        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>            <version>1.8.9</version>        </dependency>    </dependencies>    <build>        <finalName>shop</finalName>    </build></project>

3、在resources里添加bean文件，IocTest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><bean id="Date" class="java.util.Date"></bean></beans>

4.新建IocTest测试类，如：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations= "classpath:IocTest.xml")  //通过注解的方式进行bean注入public class IocTest {    ///在这遇到个纠结很长时间的问题,才突然明白   spring  context    // 容器是提前把bean管理的对象实例化在容器了。因此在使用的时候是不需要再实例化的,直接使用即可    @Resource    private Date date;//通过bean注入的对象是不需要实例化得    private Date date1;//直接使用Date对象进行使用，需要进行实例化的    @Test    public void TestIco()    {

        System.out.println(date);  //bean注入对象的输出        System.out.println(date1);        date1=new Date();        System.out.println(date1);        System.out.println(date1);    }}

输出结果如下：

Sat Jul 16 16:38:26 CST 2016
null
Sat Jul 16 16:38:26 CST 2016
Sat Jul 16 16:38:26 CST 2016

看到结果想必大家也明白了Spring容器的作用了

到这里Spring已经测试ok了

二、Spring 整合 hibernate,这里想说的是:spring是通过管理hibernate里的LocalSessionFactoryBean对象进行hibernate的Session管理的

上边的Pom.xml文件已经加入了hibernate了，这里就不单独介绍了

1.使用Persistence 进行生成hibernate实体模型以及实体模型配置文件

配置完Persitence后，配置DataBase

现在就可以进行生成实体模型和配置文件了：

这样就生成了模型和配置文件，如下图：

这里为了资源文件统一管理，我把UserEntity.hbm.xml放到resources里了

3.首先新建bean文件，SpringContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">    <!-- 自动扫描与装配bean -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.fei.shop"></context:component-scan>    <!-- 导入外部的properties文件 -->    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>    <!-- 配置SessionFactory -->    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">        <!-- 指定hibernate的配置文件位置 -->        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>        <!-- 配置c3p0数据库连接池 -->        <property name="dataSource">            <bean class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">                <!-- 数据连接信息 -->                <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>                <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property>                <property name="user" value="${userName}"></property>                <propert name="password" value="${password}"></property>            </bean>        </property>    </bean>    <!-- 配置声明式事务管理（采用注解的方式） -->    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>    </bean>    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/></beans>

4.新建jdbc.properties数据库配置文件

jdbcUrl     = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8driverClass = com.mysql.jdbc.DriveruserName        = rootpassword    =root

5.新建TestDao层

package com.fei.shop.Dao;import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;/** * Created by jing on 16/7/16. */public interface TestDao {    public void  save(UserEntity userEntity);}

6.新建TestDaoIml层

package com.fei.shop.Dao;import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;/** * Created by jing on 16/7/16.

 *   */

@Service    //一定要加Service注解，要不然启动会报错，找不到spring可管理的对象@Transactional  //事务也必须配置，否则启动会报找不到事务的错误public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao {    @Autowired  //bean对象装载注解注入    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;    //获取和当前线程绑定的Seesion    private Session getSession()    {        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();    }    public void save(UserEntity userEntity) {        getSession().save(userEntity);    }}

7、Service层

package com.fei.shop.Service;import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;/** * Created by jing on 16/7/11. */public interface TestService {    public void save(UserEntity userEntity); //用来测试Hibernate环境}

ServiceImpl

package com.fei.shop.Service;import com.fei.shop.Dao.TestDao;import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;import org.hibernate.Session;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import javax.annotation.Resource;/** * Created by jing on 16/7/11. * * * * * */@Servicepublic class TestImpl implements TestService {    @Autowired    private TestDao testDao;    public void save(UserEntity userEntity) {        testDao.save(userEntity);    }}

测试类：

package com.fei.shop.Action;import com.fei.shop.Model.UserEntity;import com.fei.shop.Service.TestImpl;import com.fei.shop.Service.TestService;import jdk.nashorn.internal.ir.annotations.Reference;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import javax.annotation.Resource;/** * Created by jing on 16/7/11. */@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations= "classpath:SpringContext.xml")public class Test {    @Autowired    private TestService testService;    @org.junit.Test    public  void TestOrm()    {        UserEntity model=new UserEntity();        model.setName("测试122");        model.setSex(1);        testService.save(model);    }}

到这就ok了，可以运行项目看数据是否保存成功了

注：在保存的时候一直遇到中文乱码的问题，数据库连接加了characterEncoding=utf-8也不管用，后来是发现，Mysql数据库在安装的时候默认的数据库编码方式导致的，如何修改数据库编码方式见：Mac 修改MYSQL 的默认编码格式解决中文插入MySql里乱码

本人是一名.net开发，在自学java，有不对的地方大家尽情吐槽和指正哈

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