qt5集成libcurl实现tftp和ftp的方法之二:实现tftp文件上传和下载

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QT5本身对ftp和tftp的支持不太好,找了很多地方也没找到好用的方法,无奈之下只好使用开源的curl来实现。但是该怎么使用tftp一直没找到说明。在curl的doc下有一堆的examples,但是就是没有tftp的,但是文档里明明说实现了tftp啊?答案是人家感觉tftp太简单了,都懒得单独写个demo了,╮(╯▽╰)╭深深的被鄙视了。下面我就说一下该怎么使用tftp功能。

1.建立tftp测试环境

写代码过程中随时会出问题,一旦环境出了问题,一切都是白搭,所以首先建立tftp的测试环境,方法非常简单。为了减少意外,最好使用两台电脑(或者电脑+虚拟机,总之尽量隔离开),每个电脑安装一个tftpd程序,window自带该功能的,但是太麻烦,下载一个tftpd32.exe就行了。
打开其中一台电脑的tftp32.exe程序,选择“tftp server”端,当做服务器。然后在另一个电脑打开tftp32.exe之后选择“client(客户端)”选项,如下图所示:

注意这里的设置:
1.“current directory”是tftp的工作目录,该目录下的文件可以直接tftp传输,下载的文件也自动放在这里。
2.“server interface”是本机IP地址,这个要注意网卡和网段,选错的话会导致传输连接无法建立。
3.Host:服务器的IP地址,Port:端口,tftp默认都是69
4.LocalFile:本地文件,例如“ds.txt”。Remote File:服务器端文件名,例如“2.2”。注意这里的设置,如果是下载的话(Get模式),就是将服务器端的”2.2“文件保存到本地,名称为ds.txt。如果是上传的话(Put模式),就是将本地文件”ds.txt“上传到服务器,名称为”2.2“。如果重复操作,文件会被覆盖,因此这里要注意。
传输完成,会出现下面的界面:

2.curl实现文件下载

好了,上面测试成功的话,就可以用curl写代码了。过程就不细说了,直接上代码:
struct TftpFile {  const char *filename;  FILE *stream;};static size_t my_fwrite(void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb,void *stream){  struct TftpFile *out=(struct TftpFile *)stream;  if(out && !out->stream) {    /* open file for writing */    out->stream=fopen(out->filename, "wb");    if(!out->stream)      return -1; /* failure, can't open file to write */  }  return fwrite(buffer, size, nmemb, out->stream);}int downloadFileFromServer(int deviceID,char* tftpurl,char*local){     CURL *curl;     CURLcode res;     struct TftpFile tftpfile={      local,       NULL     };     curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_DEFAULT);     curl = curl_easy_init();     if(curl) {       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL,tftpurl);       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, my_fwrite);       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &tftpfile);       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USE_SSL, CURLUSESSL_ALL);       curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1L);       res = curl_easy_perform(curl);       /* always cleanup */       curl_easy_cleanup(curl);       if(CURLE_OK != res) {         /* we failed */         fprintf(stderr, "curl told us %d\n", res);       }     }     if(tftpfile.stream)       fclose(tftpfile.stream); /* close the local file */     curl_global_cleanup();     return 0;}
外部调用方法:
 downloadFileFromServer();
执行的时候就可以发现程序将服务器端下的“tftps.cpp”保存到本地了。

3.实现文件上传

还是直接上代码;
/*upload*/#define LOCAL_FILE      "D:/tmp/curl.c"#define UPLOAD_FILE_AS  "uploading.txt"#define REMOTE_URL      "tftp://192.168.1.110:69/uploading.txt"#define RENAME_FILE_TO  "renamed.txt"static size_t read_callback(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *stream){  curl_off_t nread;  /* in real-world cases, this would probably get this data differently     as this fread() stuff is exactly what the library already would do     by default internally */  size_t retcode = fread(ptr, size, nmemb, (FILE*)stream);  nread = (curl_off_t)retcode;  fprintf(stderr, "*** We read %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T          " bytes from file\n", nread);  return retcode;}int tftpfileUpload(){       CURL *curl;      CURLcode res;      FILE *hd_src;      struct stat file_info;      curl_off_t fsize;      struct curl_slist *headerlist=NULL;      static const char buf_1 [] =  UPLOAD_FILE_AS;      static const char buf_2 [] =  RENAME_FILE_TO;      /* get the file size of the local file */      if(stat(LOCAL_FILE, &file_info)) {        printf("Couldnt open '%s': %s\n", LOCAL_FILE, strerror(errno));        return 1;      }      fsize = (curl_off_t)file_info.st_size;      printf("Local file size: %" CURL_FORMAT_CURL_OFF_T " bytes.\n", fsize);      /* get a FILE * of the same file */      hd_src = fopen(LOCAL_FILE, "rb");      /* In windows, this will init the winsock stuff */      curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);      /* get a curl handle */      curl = curl_easy_init();      if(curl) {         /* we want to use our own read function */        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, read_callback);        /* enable uploading */        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1L);        /* specify target */        curl_easy_setopt(curl,CURLOPT_URL, REMOTE_URL);        /* pass in that last of FTP commands to run after the transfer */        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_POSTQUOTE, headerlist);        /* now specify which file to upload */        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, hd_src);        /* Set the size of the file to upload (optional).  If you give a *_LARGE           option you MUST make sure that the type of the passed-in argument is a           curl_off_t. If you use CURLOPT_INFILESIZE (without _LARGE) you must           make sure that to pass in a type 'long' argument. */        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE_LARGE,                         (curl_off_t)fsize);        /* Now run off and do what you've been told! */        res = curl_easy_perform(curl);        /* Check for errors */        if(res != CURLE_OK)          fprintf(stderr, "curl_easy_perform() failed: %s\n",                  curl_easy_strerror(res));        /* clean up the FTP commands list */        curl_slist_free_all (headerlist);        /* always cleanup */        curl_easy_cleanup(curl);      }      fclose(hd_src); /* close the local file */      curl_global_cleanup();      return 0;    }
调用方法为
tftpfileUpload();
OK !就这么简单。


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