Spring Boot之Test Case中placeholder信息无法找到的问题解决

引言： 在Spring Boot中的单元测试中，需要针对特定的场景进行测试，在其中碰到了placeholder的信息无法正确获取的问题，看看如何的解决的...

1.  Spring boot的单元测试代码示例

import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.test.ConfigFileApplicationContextInitializer;import org.springframework.boot.test.IntegrationTest;import org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationConfiguration;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Profile;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;import com.rain.wx.WxDemoApplication;import com.rain.wx.meal.global.GlobalRefs;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)   // 1@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = WxDemoApplication.class, initializers = ConfigFileApplicationContextInitializer.class)   // 2@WebAppConfiguration   // 3@IntegrationTest("server.port:0")  //@TestPropertySource(locations={  "classpath:config/application-test.properties"})@Profile("dev")public class HttpsTestClient {@Value("${wx.open.url}")private String openUrl;@Autowiredprivate GlobalRefs refs;@Testpublic void testValue() {System.out.println("openUrl:" + openUrl);//assertTrue("restTemplate is null",restTemplate==null);}

这里的测试用例，简单验证了特定业务逻辑的功能。

2. 错误信息

  出现的错误信息如下：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'commentController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private java.lang.String com.rain.wx.meal.controller.CommentController.msg; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'profile.test.msg' in string value "${profile.test.msg}"at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839) ~[spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538) ~[spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:760) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createAndRefreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:306) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationContextLoader.loadContext(SpringApplicationContextLoader.java:98) [spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:228) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:230) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:249) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:670) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) [.cp/:na]Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private java.lang.String com.rain.wx.meal.controller.CommentController.msg; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'profile.test.msg' in string value "${profile.test.msg}"at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:573) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:331) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]... 42 common frames omittedCaused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'profile.test.msg' in string value "${profile.test.msg}"at org.springframework.util.PropertyPlaceholderHelper.parseStringValue(PropertyPlaceholderHelper.java:174) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.util.PropertyPlaceholderHelper.replacePlaceholders(PropertyPlaceholderHelper.java:126) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver.doResolvePlaceholders(AbstractPropertyResolver.java:204) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(AbstractPropertyResolver.java:178) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer$2.resolveStringValue(PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer.java:172) ~[spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.resolveEmbeddedValue(AbstractBeanFactory.java:808) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1027) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:545) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]... 44 common frames omitted2016-07-21 10:14:23.452  INFO 9612 --- [           main] .b.l.ClasspathLoggingApplicationListener : Application failed to start with classpath: [file:/E:/MyTechnicalStack/mytechnicalstack/application/WXDemo/target/test-classes/, file:/E:/MyTechnicalStack/mytechnicalstack/application/WXDemo/target/classes/, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/apache/commons/commons-lang3/3.4/commons-lang3-3.4.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/json/json/20160212/json-20160212.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-mobile/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-mobile-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-autoconfigure/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-logging/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-logging-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.1.7/logback-classic-1.1.7.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/ch/qos/logback/logback-core/1.1.7/logback-core-1.1.7.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/slf4j/jcl-over-slf4j/1.7.21/jcl-over-slf4j-1.7.21.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/slf4j/jul-to-slf4j/1.7.21/jul-to-slf4j-1.7.21.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/slf4j/log4j-over-slf4j/1.7.21/log4j-over-slf4j-1.7.21.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/yaml/snakeyaml/1.16/snakeyaml-1.16.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/mobile/spring-mobile-device/1.1.5.RELEASE/spring-mobile-device-1.1.5.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/thymeleaf/thymeleaf-spring4/2.1.4.RELEASE/thymeleaf-spring4-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/thymeleaf/thymeleaf/2.1.4.RELEASE/thymeleaf-2.1.4.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/ognl/ognl/3.0.8/ognl-3.0.8.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/javassist/javassist/3.18.1-GA/javassist-3.18.1-GA.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/unbescape/unbescape/1.1.0.RELEASE/unbescape-1.1.0.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/slf4j/slf4j-api/1.7.21/slf4j-api-1.7.21.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/nz/net/ultraq/thymeleaf/thymeleaf-layout-dialect/1.3.3/thymeleaf-layout-dialect-1.3.3.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/codehaus/groovy/groovy/2.4.7/groovy-2.4.7.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-web/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-web-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-validation/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-validation-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/hibernate/hibernate-validator/5.2.4.Final/hibernate-validator-5.2.4.Final.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/javax/validation/validation-api/1.1.0.Final/validation-api-1.1.0.Final.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/jboss/logging/jboss-logging/3.3.0.Final/jboss-logging-3.3.0.Final.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/com/fasterxml/classmate/1.1.0/classmate-1.1.0.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-databind/2.6.7/jackson-databind-2.6.7.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-annotations/2.6.7/jackson-annotations-2.6.7.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/com/fasterxml/jackson/core/jackson-core/2.6.7/jackson-core-2.6.7.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-web/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-web-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-aop/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-aop-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/aopalliance/aopalliance/1.0/aopalliance-1.0.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-beans/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-context/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-webmvc/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-webmvc-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-expression/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-expression-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-websocket/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-websocket-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-messaging/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-messaging-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-websocket/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-websocket-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-tomcat/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-core/8.0.36/tomcat-embed-core-8.0.36.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-el/8.0.36/tomcat-embed-el-8.0.36.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-logging-juli/8.0.36/tomcat-embed-logging-juli-8.0.36.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/apache/tomcat/embed/tomcat-embed-websocket/8.0.36/tomcat-embed-websocket-8.0.36.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-test/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-test-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/junit/junit/4.12/junit-4.12.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/mockito/mockito-core/1.10.19/mockito-core-1.10.19.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/objenesis/objenesis/2.1/objenesis-2.1.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-core/1.3/hamcrest-core-1.3.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/hamcrest/hamcrest-library/1.3/hamcrest-library-1.3.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-core/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/spring-test/4.2.7.RELEASE/spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-starter-actuator/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-starter-actuator-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/M2Repository/repositories/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-actuator/1.3.6.RELEASE/spring-boot-actuator-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar, file:/D:/Dev/sts-bundle/sts-3.7.3.RELEASE/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/426/0/.cp/, file:/D:/Dev/sts-bundle/sts-3.7.3.RELEASE/configuration/org.eclipse.osgi/425/0/.cp/]2016-07-21 10:14:23.464 ERROR 9612 --- [           main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager      : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@2a5ca609] to prepare test instance [com.rain.wx.util.HttpsTestClient@6aba5d30]java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContextat org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:228) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:230) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:249) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193) [spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:670) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) [.cp/:na]at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) [.cp/:na]Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'commentController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private java.lang.String com.rain.wx.meal.controller.CommentController.msg; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'profile.test.msg' in string value "${profile.test.msg}"at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839) ~[spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538) ~[spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:760) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createAndRefreshContext(SpringApplication.java:360) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:306) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationContextLoader.loadContext(SpringApplicationContextLoader.java:98) ~[spring-boot-1.3.6.RELEASE.jar:1.3.6.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116) ~[spring-test-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]... 25 common frames omittedCaused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private java.lang.String com.rain.wx.meal.controller.CommentController.msg; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'profile.test.msg' in string value "${profile.test.msg}"at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:573) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:331) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]... 42 common frames omittedCaused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Could not resolve placeholder 'profile.test.msg' in string value "${profile.test.msg}"at org.springframework.util.PropertyPlaceholderHelper.parseStringValue(PropertyPlaceholderHelper.java:174) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.util.PropertyPlaceholderHelper.replacePlaceholders(PropertyPlaceholderHelper.java:126) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver.doResolvePlaceholders(AbstractPropertyResolver.java:204) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver.resolveRequiredPlaceholders(AbstractPropertyResolver.java:178) ~[spring-core-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.context.support.PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer$2.resolveStringValue(PropertySourcesPlaceholderConfigurer.java:172) ~[spring-context-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.resolveEmbeddedValue(AbstractBeanFactory.java:808) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1027) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:545) ~[spring-beans-4.2.7.RELEASE.jar:4.2.7.RELEASE]... 44 common frames omitted

  问题分析如下：

     placeholder的信息无法找到，在某个类中， 基于java的Main方法来启动，正常无问题。切换到Test case之后，报以下错误信息。 故确定为在测试代码中无法找到配置文件，故需要从这个方向去找问题。

3. 问题解决

    新增@TestPropertySource， 重新指定需要的配置文件信息。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)   // 1@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = WxDemoApplication.class, initializers = ConfigFileApplicationContextInitializer.class)   // 2@WebAppConfiguration   // 3@IntegrationTest("server.port:0")  <span style="font-size:18px;"><em>@TestPropertySource(locations={  "classpath:config/application-test.properties"})</em></span>@Profile("dev")public class HttpsTestClient {@Value("${wx.open.url}")private String openUrl;@Autowiredprivate GlobalRefs refs;@Testpublic void testValue() {System.out.println("openUrl:" + openUrl);//assertTrue("restTemplate is null",restTemplate==null);}@Testpublic void testRT() {System.out.println("rt1:" + refs.getRestTemplate());System.out.println("rt2:" + refs.getRestTemplate());System.out.println("rt3:" + refs.getRestTemplate());}  }

 然后一切Ok，单元测试可以正常使用了。

4.  关于@TestPropertySoruce

  功能分析是覆盖掉@PropertySource的配置信息，使用其配置的信息。

5.  关于Spring Boot中如何调过测试环节

    在启动命令中加入: -DskipTests  or -Dmaven.test.skip=true