典型的非对称加密算法 RSA

来源：互联网发布：数据采集方式有哪些编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 02:21

ps:

RES算法仅仅需要一套秘钥既可以完成加密/解密算法，并且公钥的秘钥长度明显的小于私钥的秘钥长度，支持“公钥加密，私钥解密”和“私钥加密，公钥解密”这两项加密解密原则。

代码样例：

package encrypt.util;

import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Hex;

/**
* RSA安全编码组件
* @author admin
*
*/
public class RSACoder {
   //非对称加密秘钥算法
   private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
   //公钥
   private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
   //私钥
   private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";
   //RSA秘钥长度默认1024
   private static final int KEY_SIZE = 1024;

   //私钥解密
   /**
   * @param data 待解密的数据
   * @param key 私钥
   * @return byte[] 解密数据
   * @throws Exception
   */
   public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data,byte[] key) throws Exception{
       //取的私钥
       PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(key);
       KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
       //生产私钥对象
       PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);

       //对数据解密
       Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
       cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);

       //执行
       return cipher.doFinal(data);
   }

   /**
   * @param data 待加密数据
   * @param key 公钥
   * @return byte[] 加密数据
   * @throws Exception
   */
   public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data,byte[] key) throws Exception{
       //取的公钥
       X509EncodedKeySpec X509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(key);
       KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
       //生产公钥对象
       PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(X509KeySpec);
       //对数据进行加密
       Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
       cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
       //执行
       return cipher.doFinal(data);
   }

   /**取的私钥
   * @param keyMap 秘钥map
   * @return byte[] 私钥
   */
   public static byte[] getPrivateKey(Map<String,Object> keyMap){
       Key key = (Key)keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
       return key.getEncoded();
   }

   /**取的公钥
   * @param keyMap 秘钥map
   * @return byte[] 公钥
   */
   public static byte[] getPublicKey(Map<String,Object> keyMap){
       Key key = (Key)keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
       return key.getEncoded();
   }

   private static Map<String,Object> initKey() throws Exception{
       //实例化秘钥生产器
       KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
       //初始化秘钥生产器
       keyPairGen.initialize(KEY_SIZE);
       //生产秘钥对
       KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
       //公钥
       RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey)keyPair.getPublic();
       //秘钥
       RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey)keyPair.getPrivate();

       //封装秘钥
       Map<String,Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();
       keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
       keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
       return keyMap;
   }


   /**
   * 将16进制字符串还原为字节数组.
   */
   private static final byte[] hexStrToBytes(String s) {
       byte[] bytes;

       bytes = new byte[s.length() / 2];

       for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
           bytes[i] = (byte) Integer.parseInt(s.substring(2 * i, 2 * i + 2), 16);
       }

       return bytes;
   }


   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
   /*   Map<String,Object> keyMap = RSACoder.initKey();
       byte[] privateKey = RSACoder.getPrivateKey(keyMap);
       byte[] publicKey = RSACoder.getPublicKey(keyMap);

       //Hex.encodeHex 做16进制编码处理
       System.out.println("16进制公钥字符串：\t"+new String(Hex.encodeHex(publicKey)));
       System.out.println("16进制私钥字符串：\t"+new String(Hex.encodeHex(privateKey)));*/

       String privateKeyString = "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";
       String publicKeyString = "30819f300d06092a864886f70d010101050003818d0030818902818100820afd22bdd36cb75ef8db1a970d50ca352d57eecaa28779a559f626bf9182f0f986a2ea251f76040616032dc739e8558c0dfdfa82bef0203e8412bb2cb0dcaf7f568f100ce05f7bb239a6a4cbd7c1ed8041ea6f3b0c641c94f71228320584ba871012df218799b09f638478b9233bf594faa22d30d792a46b58459a52a1e1ef0203010001";
       byte[] privateKey = hexStrToBytes(privateKeyString);
       byte[] publicKey = hexStrToBytes(publicKeyString);


       System.out.println("公钥：\t"+Base64.encodeBase64String(publicKey));
       System.out.println("私钥：\t"+Base64.encodeBase64String(privateKey));

       String str = "RSA";
       byte[] inputStr = str.getBytes();
       System.out.println("原文：\t"+str);

       //公钥加密
       byte[] endcryptData = RSACoder.encryptByPublicKey(inputStr, publicKey);
       System.out.println("加密后：\t"+Base64.encodeBase64String(endcryptData));

       //私钥解密
       byte[] decryptData = RSACoder.decryptByPrivateKey(endcryptData, privateKey);
       String decryptStr = new String(decryptData);
       System.out.println("解密后：\t"+decryptStr);
   }
}

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