CentOS 7.2 添加磁盘并创建新区
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添加一个3T的磁盘，并对其进行分区 LVM创建 LVM基本概念 1、 物理卷-----PV（Physical Volume） 物理卷在逻辑卷管理中处于最底层，它可以是实际物理硬盘上的分区，也可以是整个 物理硬盘。 2、 卷组--------VG（Volumne Group） 卷组建立在物理卷之上，一个卷组中至少要包括一个物理卷，在卷组建立之后可 动态添加物理卷到卷组中。一个逻辑卷管理系统工程中可以只有一个卷组，也可以 拥有多个卷组。 3、 逻辑卷-----LV（Logical Volume） 逻辑卷建立在卷组之上，卷组中的未分配空间可以用于建立新的逻辑卷，逻辑卷建立 后可以动态地扩展和缩小空间。系统中的多个逻辑卷要以属于同一个卷组，也可以 属于不同的多个卷组。 4、 物理区域--PE（Physical Extent） 物理区域是物理卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，物理区域的大小可根据实际情况在 建立物理卷时指定。物理区域大小一旦确定将不能更改，同一卷组中的所有物理卷 的物理区域大小需要一致。 5、 逻辑区域—LE（Logical Extent） 逻辑区域是逻辑卷中可用于分配的最小存储单元，逻辑区域的大小取决于逻辑卷所在 卷组中的物理区域的大小。 6、 卷组描述区域-----（Volume Group Descriptor Area） 卷组描述区域存在于每个物理卷中，用于描述物理卷本身、物理卷所属卷组、卷组中的 逻辑卷及逻辑卷中物理区域的分配等所有信息，卷组描述区域是在使用pvcreate 建立物理卷时建立的。 parted创建LVM 把一块3T硬盘全部设为LVM结构图如下：
#parted /dev/sdb>mklabel gpt //由于MBR分区表只支持2T硬盘，所以如果大于2T必须用GPT分区表(parted) mkpart primary xfs 0% 20%(parted) p Model: ATA ST3000NM0033-9ZM (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: gptDisk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags1 1049kB 600GB 600GB primary(parted) mkpart primary xfs 20% 40%(parted) mkpart primary xfs 40% 60% (parted) mkpart primary xfs 60% 100% (parted) p Model: ATA ST3000NM0033-9ZM (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: gptDisk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 600GB 600GB primary 2 600GB 1200GB 600GB primary 3 1200GB 1800GB 600GB primary 4 1800GB 3001GB 1200GB primary(parted) set 1 lvm on //设定编号1为LVM分区，on开启 off是关闭 (parted) set 2 lvm on (parted) set 3 lvm on (parted) set 4 lvm on (parted) pModel: ATA ST3000NM0033-9ZM (scsi)Disk /dev/sdb: 3001GBSector size (logical/physical): 512B/512BPartition Table: gptDisk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 600GB 600GB primary lvm 2 600GB 1200GB 600GB primary lvm 3 1200GB 1800GB 600GB primary lvm 4 1800GB 3001GB 1200GB primary lvm(parted) quit Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab. #partprobe 立即生效 退出后进行建立pv,vg,lv等 创建LVM[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 //创建pv Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb2 Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb3 Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created[root@localhost /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb4 Physical volume "/dev/sdb4" successfully created[root@localhost /]# pvdisplay --- Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sda5 VG Name centos PV Size 344.99 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB Allocatable yes PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 88316 Free PE 1 Allocated PE 88315 PV UUID RuGu3e-MrqN-nXgM-x43B-nHcy-fELh-At2EG7 "/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "558.90 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb2 VG Name PV Size 558.90 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 36oEPq-fGuY-1DgE-eRwN-Kn2U-CBfv-Y1Jdl7 "/dev/sdb3" is a new physical volume of "558.90 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb3 VG Name PV Size 558.90 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID Yzewvc-yv0t-dObI-POQf-J1vr-zIbp-uIuDim "/dev/sdb4" is a new physical volume of "1.09 TiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb4 VG Name PV Size 1.09 TiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID 68TePP-fusv-sasY-KLIe-ZKmf-mUzU-vgn9oc "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "558.90 GiB" --- NEW Physical volume --- PV Name /dev/sdb1 VG Name PV Size 558.90 GiB Allocatable NO PE Size 0 Total PE 0 Free PE 0 Allocated PE 0 PV UUID nbcrMl-ukJb-Qpj3-Lc05-mkaf-yHUj-9EjhK2[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay //显示PV分区情况 --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 344.98 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 88316 Alloc PE / Size 88315 / 344.98 GiB Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB VG UUID PUyFI6-z0gL-r014-xhk1-btLX-aDhY-7tghOP创建VG
[root@localhost /]# vgcreate vg /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3 /dev/sdb4 Volume group "vg" successfully created[root@localhost /]# vgdisplay --- Volume group --- VG Name vg System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 4 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 4 Act PV 4 VG Size 2.73 TiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 715395 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 715395 / 2.73 TiB VG UUID 2bbsrh-o7OU-18d2-2rgG-kZFb-FmIZ-hdvncj --- Volume group --- VG Name centos System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 1 Metadata Sequence No 4 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 3 Open LV 3 Max PV 0 Cur PV 1 Act PV 1 VG Size 344.98 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 88316 Alloc PE / Size 88315 / 344.98 GiB Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB VG UUID PUyFI6-z0gL-r014-xhk1-btLX-aDhY-7tghOP创建LV
[root@localhost Desktop]# lvcreate --help lvcreate: Create a logical volumelvcreate [-A|--autobackup {y|n}] [-a|--activate [a|e|l]{y|n}] [--addtag Tag] [--alloc AllocationPolicy] [-H|--cache [--cachemode {writeback|writethrough}] [--cachepolicy policy] [--cachesettings key=value] [--cachepool CachePoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}] [-c|--chunksize ChunkSize] [-C|--contiguous {y|n}] [--commandprofile ProfileName] [-d|--debug] [-h|-?|--help] [--errorwhenfull {y|n}] [--ignoremonitoring] [--monitor {y|n}] [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]] [-k|--setactivationskip {y|n}] [-K|--ignoreactivationskip] {-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|PVS|FREE}] | -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]} [-M|--persistent {y|n}] [-j|--major major] [--minor minor] [--metadataprofile ProfileName] [-m|--mirrors Mirrors [--nosync] [{--mirrorlog {disk|core|mirrored}|--corelog}]] [-n|--name LogicalVolumeName] [--noudevsync] [-p|--permission {r|rw}] [--poolmetadatasize MetadataSize[bBsSkKmMgG]] [--poolmetadataspare {y|n}]] [--[raid]minrecoveryrate Rate] [--[raid]maxrecoveryrate Rate] [-r|--readahead {ReadAheadSectors|auto|none}] [-R|--regionsize MirrorLogRegionSize] [-T|--thin [--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}] [--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume{Name|Path}] [-t|--test] [--type VolumeType] [-v|--verbose] [-W|--wipesignatures {y|n}] [-Z|--zero {y|n}] [--version] VolumeGroupName [PhysicalVolumePath...]lvcreate { {-s|--snapshot} OriginalLogicalVolume[Path] | [-s|--snapshot] VolumeGroupName[Path] -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize} {-H|--cache} VolumeGroupName[Path][/OriginalLogicalVolume] {-T|--thin} VolumeGroupName[Path][/PoolLogicalVolume] -V|--virtualsize VirtualSize} [-A|--autobackup {y|n}] [--addtag Tag] [--alloc AllocationPolicy] [--cachepolicy Policy] [--cachesettings Key=Value] [-c|--chunksize] [-C|--contiguous {y|n}] [--commandprofile ProfileName] [-d|--debug] [--discards {ignore|nopassdown|passdown}] [-h|-?|--help] [--ignoremonitoring] [--monitor {y|n}] [-i|--stripes Stripes [-I|--stripesize StripeSize]] [-k|--setactivationskip {y|n}] [-K|--ignoreactivationskip] {-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|FREE|ORIGIN}] | -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]} [--poolmetadatasize MetadataVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgG]] [-M|--persistent {y|n}] [-j|--major major] [--minor minor] [--metadataprofile ProfileName] [-n|--name LogicalVolumeName] [--noudevsync] [-p|--permission {r|rw}] [-r|--readahead ReadAheadSectors|auto|none] [-t|--test] [{--thinpool ThinPoolLogicalVolume[Path] | --cachepool CachePoolLogicalVolume[Path]}] [-v|--verbose] [--version] [PhysicalVolumePath...][root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 300G -n soft vg //创建大小300G名称soft的lv Logical volume "soft" created.[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 800G -n datainfo vg Logical volume "datainfo" created.[root@localhost /]# lvcreate -L 1600G -n systeminfo vg Logical volume "systeminfo" created.对磁盘进行格式化
[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/softmeta-data=/dev/vg/soft isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=19660800 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0data = bsize=4096 blocks=78643200, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=38400, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0在根目录下创建一个soft目录，便于将该磁盘挂在这个目录上。
mount -t xfs /dev/vg/soft /soft[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/datainfometa-data=/dev/vg/datainfo isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=52428800 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0data = bsize=4096 blocks=209715200, imaxpct=25 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=102400, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0[root@localhost Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg/systeminfometa-data=/dev/vg/systeminfo isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=104857600 blks = sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1 = crc=0 finobt=0data = bsize=4096 blocks=419430400, imaxpct=5 = sunit=0 swidth=0 blksnaming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=204800, version=2 = sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0[root@localhost Desktop]# mount -t xfs /dev/vg/datainfo /datainfo[root@localhost Desktop]# mount -t xfs /dev/vg/systeminfo /systeminfo[root@localhost Desktop]# df -ThFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 40G 4.6G 36G 12% /devtmpfs devtmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /devtmpfs tmpfs 32G 160K 32G 1% /dev/shmtmpfs tmpfs 32G 9.6M 32G 1% /runtmpfs tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 vfat 96M 28M 69M 29% /boot/efi/dev/mapper/centos-ssd xfs 289G 33M 289G 1% /ssdtmpfs tmpfs 6.3G 12K 6.3G 1% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/vg-soft xfs 300G 33M 300G 1% /soft/dev/mapper/vg-datainfo xfs 800G 33M 800G 1% /datainfo/dev/mapper/vg-systeminfo xfs 1.6T 33M 1.6T 1% /systeminfo让系统开机自动挂载,需要在/etc/fstab添加相应的内容,最后的内容如下：
[root@localhost /]# cat /etc/fstab## /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Tue Jul 19 19:16:20 2016## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info#/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0UUID=345E-97C8 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0/dev/mapper/centos-ssd /ssd xfs defaults 0 0/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0/dev/mapper/vg-soft /soft xfs defaults 0 0/dev/mapper/vg-datainfo /datainfo xfs defaults 0 0/dev/mapper/vg-systeminfo /systeminfo xfs defaults 0 0/etc/fstab中的参数请自己在网络上查找。
参考：
http://www.centoscn.com/CentOS/config/2015/0315/4891.html
http://www.opsers.org/base/create-lvm-parted.html
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_967817f20102v2a6.html
http://my.oschina.net/guol/blog/61424
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