HDOJ -- 1061 Rightmost Digi

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<span style="font-size:24px;">Description</span>
Given a positive integer N, you should output the most right digit of N^N. 
 

Input

The input contains several test cases. The first line of the input is a single integer T which is the number of test cases. T test cases follow. 
Each test case contains a single positive integer N(1<=N<=1,000,000,000). 
 

Output

For each test case, you should output the rightmost digit of N^N. 
 

Sample Input

234
 

Sample Output

76

Hint

In the first case, 3 * 3 * 3 = 27, so the rightmost digit is 7. 
In the second case, 4 * 4 * 4 * 4 = 256, so the rightmost digit is 6. 

解题思路:快速幂运算问题,即把指数都拆成平方的形式,减少运算量。即3^3=3*3^2,4^4=(4^2)^2,5^5=5*(5^2)^2...
题目要求的是最右的一位数(即个位),所以只需将结果对十取余即可方法一)
当然,这道题有特殊规律:
当n =1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 ...
  a = 1 4 7 6 5 6 3 6 9  0  1  6  3  6  5  6  7  4  9  0  1  4  7  6  5  6  3  6  9  0 ...
所以是以20为一个周期,直接定义一个数组,把所有情况列出即可!
(方法二)
方法一:
#include<stdio.h>  __int64 quickpow(__int64 n){      __int64 ans=1,base=n;      while(n){          if(n&1){//如果n是奇数               ans=(base*ans)%10;//分离出一个底数           }          base=(base*base)%10;//逐步求base的平方           n>>=1;      }      return ans;  }  int main(){      __int64 t,n;//用int型精度不准,提交时WA       scanf("%I64d",&t);      while(t--){          scanf("%I64d",&n);          printf("%I64d\n",quickpow(n));      }      return 0;  }  

方法二:
#include<stdio.h> int a[21] = {0,1,4,7,6,5,6,3,6,9,0,1,6,3,6,5,6,7,4,9,0};int main (){int t,n; scanf ("%d",&t) ;while (t--){scanf ("%d",&n); printf("%d\n",a[n%20]);//以二十为一个周期 }return 0 ;} 
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