AngularJS 表单和输入验证

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1、HTML 控件

以下 HTML input 元素被称为 HTML 控件:input 元素、select 元素、button 元素、textarea 元素。

2、HTML 表单

AngularJS 表单是输入控件的集合。HTML 表单通常与 HTML 控件同时存在。

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><title>angularJs</title><script src="js/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script></head><body><div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="formCtrl">  <form novalidate>    First Name:<br>    <input type="text" ng-model="user.firstName"><br>    Last Name:<br>    <input type="text" ng-model="user.lastName">    <br><br>    <button ng-click="reset()">RESET</button>  </form>  <p>form = {{user }}</p>  <p>master = {{master}}</p></div><script>var app = angular.module('myApp', []);app.controller('formCtrl', function($scope) {    $scope.master = {firstName:"John", lastName:"Doe"};    $scope.reset = function() {        $scope.user = angular.copy($scope.master);    };    $scope.reset();});</script></body></html>

3、输入验证

AngularJS 表单和控件可以提供验证功能，并对用户输入的非法数据进行警告。客户端的验证不能确保用户输入数据的安全，所以服务端的数据验证也是必须的。

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><title>angularJs</title><script src="js/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script></head><body><h2>验证实例</h2><form ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="validateCtrl" name="myForm" novalidate><p>用户名:<input type="text" name="user" ng-model="user" required><span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid"><span ng-show="myForm.user.$error.required">用户名是必须的。</span></span></p><p>邮    箱:<input type="email" name="email" ng-model="email" required><span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid"><span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.required">邮箱是必须的。</span><span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.email">非法的邮箱地址。</span></span></p><p><input type="submit"ng-disabled="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid ||  myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid"></p></form><script>var app = angular.module('myApp', []);app.controller('validateCtrl', function($scope) {    $scope.user = 'John Doe';    $scope.email = 'john.doe@gmail.com';});</script></body></html>

AngularJS ng-model 指令用于绑定输入元素到模型中。模型对象有两个属性： user 和 email。我们使用了 ng-show指令，color:red 在邮件是 $dirty 或 $invalid 才显示。

属性

描述

$dirty

表单有填写记录

$valid

字段内容合法的

$invalid

字段内容是非法的

$pristine

表单没有填写记录

没用初始值的输入验证：注意ng-app=""，ng-app有值就必须连接到代码模块，利用angular.module 函数来创建模块。

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><title>angularJs</title><script src="js/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script></head><body><h2>验证实例</h2><form ng-app="" name="myForm" novalidate><p>用户名:<input type="text" name="user" ng-model="user" required><span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid"><span ng-show="myForm.user.$error.required">用户名是必须的。</span></span></p><p>邮    箱:<input type="email" name="email" ng-model="email" required><span style="color:red" ng-show="myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid"><span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.required">邮箱是必须的。</span><span ng-show="myForm.email.$error.email">非法的邮箱地址。</span></span></p><p><input type="submit"ng-disabled="myForm.user.$dirty && myForm.user.$invalid ||  myForm.email.$dirty && myForm.email.$invalid"></p></form></body></html>

4、ng-disabled实例

<!doctype html><html ng-app="MyApp"><head><script src="js/angular.min.js"></script></head><body><div ng-controller="Controller"><form name="form" class="css-form" novalidate>Name:<input type="text" ng-model="user.name" name="uName" required /><br/>E-mail:<input type="email" ng-model="user.email" name="uEmail" required /><br/><div ng-show="form.uEmail.$dirty && form.uEmail.$invalid">Invalid:<span ng-show="form.uEmail.$error.required">Tell us your email.</span><span ng-show="form.uEmail.$error.email">This is not a valid email.</span></div>Gender:<br/><input type="radio" ng-model="user.gender" value="male" />male<input type="radio" ng-model="user.gender" value="female" />female<br/><input type="checkbox" ng-model="user.agree" name="userAgree" required />I agree:<input ng-show="user.agree" type="text" ng-model="user.agreeSign" required /><div ng-show="!user.agree || !user.agreeSign">Please agree and sign.</div><br/><!--ng-disabled为true时禁止使用，ng-disabled实时监控应用程序--><button ng-click="reset()" ng-disabled="isUnchanged(user)">RESET</button><button ng-click="update(user)" ng-disabled="form.$invalid || isUnchanged(user)">SAVE</button></form></div><script type="text/javascript">var app=angular.module("MyApp",[]);app.controller("Controller",function($scope){$scope.master = {};$scope.update=function(user){$scope.master=$scope.copy(user);};$scope.reset=function(){$scope.user=angular.copy($scope.master);};$scope.isUnchanged=function(user){//判断user和$scope.master是否相等，相等返回true，否则返回falsereturn angular.equals(user,$scope.master);};$scope.reset();});</script></body></html>

5、ng-submit实例

<html ng-app='TestFormModule'><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><script src="js/angular.min.js"></script></head><body><!--ng-submit绑定表单提交事件--><form name="myForm" ng-submit="save()" ng-controller="TestFormModule">  <input name="userName" type="text" ng-model="user.userName" required/>  <input name="password" type="password" ng-model="user.password" required/><br />  <input type="submit" ng-disabled="myForm.$invalid"/></form></body><script type="text/javascript">var app=angular.module("TestFormModule",[]);app.controller("TestFormModule",function($scope){$scope.user={userName:"山水子农",password:''};$scope.save=function(){console.log("保存数据中...");}});</script></html>

6、maxlength和minlength实例

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><script src="js/angular.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script><title>表单验证</title></head><body ng-app="myApp" >    <div ng-controller="myCtrl">    <form name="form">      <label for="maxlength">Set a maxlength: </label>      <input type="number" ng-model="maxlength" id="maxlength" /><br>      <label for="minlength">Set a minlength: </label>      <input type="number" ng-model="minlength" id="minlength" /><br><hr>      <label for="input">This input is restricted by the current maxlength and minlength: </label><br>      <input type="text" ng-model="textmodel" id="text" name="text" ng-maxlength="maxlength" ng-minlength="minlength"/><br>      text input valid? = <code>{{form.text.$valid}}</code><br>      text model = <code>{{textmodel}}</code><br><hr>      <label for="input">This input is restricted by the current maxlength and minlength: </label><br>      <input type="number" ng-model="numbermodel" id="number" name="number" ng-maxlength="maxlength" ng-minlength="minlength"/><br>      number input valid? = <code>{{form.number.$valid}}</code><br>      number model = <code>{{numbermodel}}</code>    </form>    </div>    <script type="text/javascript">    var app=angular.module("myApp",[]);    app.controller("myCtrl",function($scope){    $scope.maxlength=8;    $scope.minlength=4;    });    </script></body></html>

7、ng-class实例

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><script src="js/angular.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script><title>表单验证</title><style type="text/css">.deleted {          text-decoration: line-through;        }        .bold {          font-weight: bold;        }        .red {          color: red;        }        .error {          color: red;          background-color: yellow;        }        .base-class {          transition:all cubic-bezier(0.250, 0.460, 0.450, 0.940) 0.5s;        }        .base-class.my-class {          color: red;          font-size:3em;        }</style></head><body ng-app="myApp" >    <div ng-controller="myCtrl">    <form name="form">       <p ng-class="{deleted: deleted, bold: bold, 'error': error}">Map Syntax Example</p>       <label><input type="checkbox" ng-model="deleted">deleted (apply "deleted" class)</label><br>       <label><input type="checkbox" ng-model="bold">bold (apply "bold" class)</label><br>       <label><input type="checkbox" ng-model="error">error (apply "error" class)</label>       <hr>       <input id="setbtn" type="button" value="set" ng-click="myVar='my-class'">       <input id="clearbtn" type="button" value="clear" ng-click="myVar=''">       <br>       <span class="base-class" ng-class="myVar">Sample Text</span>    </form>    </div>    <script type="text/javascript">    var app=angular.module("myApp",[]);    app.controller("myCtrl",function($scope){    });    </script></body></html><strong></strong>

8、ng-if实例

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><script src="js/angular.js" type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"></script><title>表单验证</title><style>.animate-if { width:400px;         border:2px solid yellowgreen;         border-radius: 10px;         padding:10px;         display: block;        } </style></head><body ng-app="myApp" >    <div ng-controller="myCtrl">    <form name="form">       <label>Click me: <input type="checkbox" ng-model="checked" ng-init="checked=true" /></label><br/>       Show when checked:       <span ng-if="checked" class="animate-if">       This is removed when the checkbox is unchecked.       </span>    </form>    </div>    <script type="text/javascript">    var app=angular.module("myApp",[]);    app.controller("myCtrl",function($scope){    });    </script></body></html>

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