习题32 循环和列表
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首先要知道怎么创建列表
以左方括号 [ 开头,打开列表,然后写下你要放入列表的东西,用逗号隔开,就跟函数的参数一样,最后用右方括号 ] 结束定义。然后Python接收这个列表及里边所有的内容,将其赋给一个变量。
the_count = [1,2,3,4,5]fruits = ['apples','oranges','pears','apricots']change = [1,'pennies',2,'dimes',3,'quarters']# this first kind of for-loop gose through a listfor number in the_count: print "This is count %d" % number # same as abovefor fruit in fruits: print "A fruit of type: %s" % fruit# also we can go through mixed lists too# notice we have to use %r since we don't know what's in itfor i in change: print "I got %r" % i# we can also build lists, first start with an empty oneelements = []# then use the range function to do 0 to 5 countsfor i in range(0,6): print "Adding %d to the list." % i # append is a function that lists understand elements.append(i) # now we can print then out toofor i in elements: print "Element was:%d" % i
运行结果如下
这里面的 for 循环比C++简单
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附加练习
1. range 函数的 range( )里面应该是填写的范围
>>>
range
(
1
,
5
)
#代表从1到5(不包含5)
[
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
]
>>>
range
(
1
,
5
,
2
)
#代表从1到5,间隔2(不包含5)
[
1
,
3
]
>>>
range
(
5
)
#代表从0到5(不包含5)
[
0
,
1
,
2
,
3
,
4
]
这是网上搜的
2.
改动如下
the_count = [1,2,3,4,5]fruits = ['apples','oranges','pears','apricots']change = [1,'pennies',2,'dimes',3,'quarters']# this first kind of for-loop gose through a listfor number in the_count: print "This is count %d" % number # same as abovefor fruit in fruits: print "A fruit of type: %s" % fruit# also we can go through mixed lists too# notice we have to use %r since we don't know what's in itfor i in change: print "I got %r" % i# we can also build lists, first start with an empty oneelements = []# then use the range function to do 0 to 5 countsi in range(0,6) print "Adding %s to the list." % i# append is a function that lists understand elements.append(i) # now we can print then out toofor i in elements: print "Element was:%s" % i
修改:之前代码缩进有问题
3.
append() 方法向列表的尾部添加一个新的元素。只接受一个参数。
extend()方法只接受一个列表作为参数,并将该参数的每个元素都添加到原有的列表中。
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