.net 串口通讯(蓝屏，死锁，卡死)

标签： .net通讯textboxcomponentsbyteobject

2010-08-06 22:47 1192人阅读 评论(0) 收藏 举报

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。

   到现在为止，用.net （vs2005）写串口通讯的程序写了好几回了，但到目前为止感觉才把问题解决得较好一些，网上也提供了不少方法，我大都用过，发现里面的问题还真不少。其实用过.net中serialPort类的设计人员都会遇到一些问题，但我想真正解决的人却不多。网上提供的方法至少我是没有找到一种行的.我还是先说说会遇到哪些问题吧。

       我有一个朋友说写的串口程序会使系统蓝屏，我也试用，刚开始写的程序，的确会有大问题，蓝屏了。但引起蓝屏的应该不是程序，这里要究正一下。因为我们在测试的时候都是用虚拟串口的（(SUDT SerialNull），我猜引起问题的是这个东西，因为我用单片机的时候是不会出现蓝屏，但发送和接收会出现问题。

      其次会出现的一个问题是当关闭串口的那个时值程序会卡死，只右击程序才能缓解过来。说来也怪，会出现卡也就算了，但它不是每回都出现，只是偶尔，真是麻烦死了。后来查阅了大量的资料，才发现其实程序中的线程造成死锁引起的，当关闭串口的那一刻，单片机又发送数据，引起一个事件而造成死锁。其实这不是我们的问题，是微软的问题，但愿以后的版本中它能改进，把问题解决。废话说了那么多，还是用代码说话更权威吧。

以下是我的程序源代码（里面和一些代码你会发现与网上流传的相同，那是因为那些都是大同小异，为了省事我就直接copy了部分。但那些流传的是有错误的，运行会出现大问题）

 

 

定义了两个Button ,它们的Name 分别是buttonOpenClose（打开关闭按键）和buttonSend（发送区中的发送按键）都有click事件

定义了两个TextBox,它们的Name 分别是txGet（接收区中的textbox，显示接收的数据）和txSend(发送区的textbox,用于发送数据)

定义了两个combobox,它们的Name 分别是comboPortName（端口号那个）和comboBaudrate（波特率那个）

这里的核心代码其实也就那么几句：其中一个是通过委托，然后在接收数据的事件中调用this.Invoke();

                                                另外一个就是设置两个变量，一个是Listening和Closing，防止死锁

 

 

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;
//using System.Linq;

using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
namespace 解决串口关闭死锁
{
    public partial class SerialportSampleForm : Form
    {
        private SerialPort comm = new SerialPort();   
        private StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
       //避免在事件处理方法中反复的创建，定义到外面。   
        private long received_count = 0;//接收计数   
        private long send_count = 0;//发送计数   
        private bool Listening = false;
       //是否没有执行完invoke相关操作   
        private bool Closing = false;
      //是否正在关闭串口，执行Application.DoEvents， 并阻止再次invoke   
    

        public SerialportSampleForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        public static byte[] HexStringToBinary(string hexstring)//十六进制格式转换
        {

            string[] tmpary = hexstring.Trim().Split(' ');
            byte[] buff = new byte[tmpary.Length];
            for (int i = 0; i < buff.Length; i++)
            {
                buff[i] = Convert.ToByte(tmpary[i], 16);//转换
            }
            return buff;
        }
        private void SerialportSampleForm_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string[] ports = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
            Array.Sort(ports);
            comboPortName.Items.AddRange(ports);
            comboPortName.SelectedIndex =
            comboPortName.Items.Count > 0 ? 0 : -1;
            comboBaudrate.SelectedIndex = comboBaudrate.Items.IndexOf("9600");

           
            //初始化SerialPort对象
            comm.NewLine = "/r/n";
            comm.RtsEnable = true;
            //根据实际情况吧。

            //添加事件注册
            comm.DataReceived +=comm_DataReceived;
           
        }
        void comm_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
       
        {
          
            if (Closing)
            {  
                return; 
            }
       //如果正在关闭，忽略操作，直接返回，尽快的完成串口监听线程的一次循环   
      
            try  
            {   
                Listening = true;
            //设置标记，说明我已经开始处理数据，   一会儿要使用系统UI的。   
             
                int n = comm.BytesToRead;
            //先记录下来，避免某种原因，人为的原因，操作几次之间时间长，缓存不一致   
            
                byte[] buf = new byte[n];
             //声明一个临时数组存储当前来的串口数据   
                received_count += n;//增加接收计数   
                comm.Read(buf, 0, n);//读取缓冲数据   
             //   builder.Clear();//清除字符串构造器的内容 
       
                //因为要访问ui资源，所以需要使用invoke方式同步ui。   
                this.Invoke((EventHandler)(delegate  
                {   
                    //判断是否是显示为16禁止   
                    if (checkBoxHexView.Checked)   
                    {   
                        //依次的拼接出16进制字符串   
                        foreach (byte b in buf)   
                        {   
                            builder.Append(b.ToString("X2") + " ");   
                           
                        }   
                    }   
                    else  
                    {   
                        //直接按ASCII规则转换成字符串   
                        builder.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(buf));   
                    }   
              
                    this.txGet.Text=(builder.ToString()); 
                    //修改接收计数   
                    labelGetCount.Text = "Get:" + received_count.ToString();   
                }));   
            }   
            finally  
            {   
                Listening = false;//我用完了，ui可以关闭串口了。   
            }   
        }

        private void buttonOpenClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //根据当前串口对象，来判断操作   
            if (comm.IsOpen)   
            {   
                Closing = true;   
                while (Listening) Application.DoEvents();   
                //打开时点击，则关闭串口   
                comm.Close();
                MessageBox.Show(Listening.ToString());
            }   
            else  
            {

                Closing = false;
                //关闭时点击，则设置好端口，波特率后打开   
                comm.PortName = comboPortName.Text;   
                comm.BaudRate = int.Parse(comboBaudrate.Text);   
                try  
                {   
                    comm.Open();   
                }   
                catch(Exception ex)   
                {   
                    //捕获到异常信息，创建一个新的comm对象，之前的不能用了。   
                   
                    comm = new SerialPort();   
                    //现实异常信息给客户。   
                    MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);   
                }   
            }   
            //设置按钮的状态   
            buttonOpenClose.Text = comm.IsOpen ? "Close" : "Open";
            buttonSend.Enabled = comm.IsOpen;
        }

        private void buttonSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //定义一个变量，记录发送了几个字节   
            int n = 0;   
            //16进制发送   
            if (checkBoxHexSend.Checked)   
            {   
               

                byte[] send = HexStringToBinary(txSend.Text.Trim());

              comm.Write(send, 0, send.Length);
          
    
                //记录发送的字节数   
              n++;
            }   
            else//ascii编码直接发送   
            {   
              
                    comm.Write(txSend.Text);   
                    n = txSend.Text.Length;   
                 
            }   
            send_count += n;//累加发送字节数   
            labelSendCount.Text = "Send:" + send_count.ToString();
           //更新界面  

        }

     
    }
}

 

 

以下是界面设计的代码：

 

 

namespace 解决串口关闭死锁
{
    partial class SerialportSampleForm
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="disposing">如果应释放托管资源，为 true；否则为 false。</param>
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing && (components != null))
            {
                components.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        #region Windows 窗体设计器生成的代码

        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.comboPortName = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.comboBaudrate = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox();
            this.checkBoxHexView = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
            this.labelGetCount = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.buttonOpenClose = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.buttonSend = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();
            this.labelSendCount = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.checkBoxHexSend = new System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox();
            this.txSend = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.txGet = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
            this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.label4 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label();
            this.groupBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
            this.groupBox2 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
            this.groupBox3 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
            this.groupBox4 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();
            this.groupBox1.SuspendLayout();
            this.groupBox2.SuspendLayout();
            this.groupBox3.SuspendLayout();
            this.groupBox4.SuspendLayout();
            this.SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // comboPortName
            // 
            this.comboPortName.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.comboPortName.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 20);
            this.comboPortName.Name = "comboPortName";
            this.comboPortName.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 20);
            this.comboPortName.TabIndex = 0;
            // 
            // comboBaudrate
            // 
            this.comboBaudrate.FormattingEnabled = true;
            this.comboBaudrate.Items.AddRange(new object[] {
            "9600"});
            this.comboBaudrate.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 56);
            this.comboBaudrate.Name = "comboBaudrate";
            this.comboBaudrate.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(121, 20);
            this.comboBaudrate.TabIndex = 1;
            // 
            // checkBoxHexView
            // 
            this.checkBoxHexView.AutoSize = true;
            this.checkBoxHexView.Checked = true;
            this.checkBoxHexView.CheckState = System.Windows.Forms.CheckState.Checked;
            this.checkBoxHexView.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(80, 29);
            this.checkBoxHexView.Name = "checkBoxHexView";
            this.checkBoxHexView.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(96, 16);
            this.checkBoxHexView.TabIndex = 2;
            this.checkBoxHexView.Text = "十六进制显示";
            this.checkBoxHexView.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            // 
            // labelGetCount
            // 
            this.labelGetCount.AutoSize = true;
            this.labelGetCount.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(33, 31);
            this.labelGetCount.Name = "labelGetCount";
            this.labelGetCount.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(29, 12);
            this.labelGetCount.TabIndex = 4;
            this.labelGetCount.Text = "接收";
            // 
            // buttonOpenClose
            // 
            this.buttonOpenClose.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(258, 319);
            this.buttonOpenClose.Name = "buttonOpenClose";
            this.buttonOpenClose.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 37);
            this.buttonOpenClose.TabIndex = 5;
            this.buttonOpenClose.Text = "打开";
            this.buttonOpenClose.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.buttonOpenClose.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.buttonOpenClose_Click);
            // 
            // buttonSend
            // 
            this.buttonSend.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(83, 75);
            this.buttonSend.Name = "buttonSend";
            this.buttonSend.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23);
            this.buttonSend.TabIndex = 6;
            this.buttonSend.Text = "发送";
            this.buttonSend.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this.buttonSend.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.buttonSend_Click);
            // 
            // labelSendCount
            // 
            this.labelSendCount.AutoSize = true;
            this.labelSendCount.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(33, 64);
            this.labelSendCount.Name = "labelSendCount";
            this.labelSendCount.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(29, 12);
            this.labelSendCount.TabIndex = 9;
            this.labelSendCount.Text = "发送";
            // 
            // checkBoxHexSend
            // 
            this.checkBoxHexSend.AutoSize = true;
            this.checkBoxHexSend.Checked = true;
            this.checkBoxHexSend.CheckState = System.Windows.Forms.CheckState.Checked;
            this.checkBoxHexSend.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(82, 22);
            this.checkBoxHexSend.Name = "checkBoxHexSend";
            this.checkBoxHexSend.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(72, 16);
            this.checkBoxHexSend.TabIndex = 10;
            this.checkBoxHexSend.Text = "十六进制";
            this.checkBoxHexSend.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            // 
            // txSend
            // 
            this.txSend.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(82, 46);
            this.txSend.Name = "txSend";
            this.txSend.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(82, 21);
            this.txSend.TabIndex = 12;
            // 
            // txGet
            // 
            this.txGet.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(82, 52);
            this.txGet.Multiline = true;
            this.txGet.Name = "txGet";
            this.txGet.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(112, 21);
            this.txGet.TabIndex = 13;
            // 
            // label1
            // 
            this.label1.AutoSize = true;
            this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(17, 52);
            this.label1.Name = "label1";
            this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(65, 12);
            this.label1.TabIndex = 14;
            this.label1.Text = "发送数据：";
            // 
            // label2
            // 
            this.label2.AutoSize = true;
            this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(24, 58);
            this.label2.Name = "label2";
            this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(65, 12);
            this.label2.TabIndex = 15;
            this.label2.Text = "接收数据：";
            // 
            // label3
            // 
            this.label3.AutoSize = true;
            this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(6, 23);
            this.label3.Name = "label3";
            this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(29, 12);
            this.label3.TabIndex = 16;
            this.label3.Text = "端口";
            // 
            // label4
            // 
            this.label4.AutoSize = true;
            this.label4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(6, 56);
            this.label4.Name = "label4";
            this.label4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 12);
            this.label4.TabIndex = 17;
            this.label4.Text = "波特率";
            // 
            // groupBox1
            // 
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.txSend);
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.label1);
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.buttonSend);
            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.checkBoxHexSend);
            this.groupBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(316, 170);
            this.groupBox1.Name = "groupBox1";
            this.groupBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(223, 114);
            this.groupBox1.TabIndex = 20;
            this.groupBox1.TabStop = false;
            this.groupBox1.Text = "发送区";
            // 
            // groupBox2
            // 
            this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.txGet);
            this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.label2);
            this.groupBox2.Controls.Add(this.checkBoxHexView);
            this.groupBox2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(50, 170);
            this.groupBox2.Name = "groupBox2";
            this.groupBox2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(223, 114);
            this.groupBox2.TabIndex = 21;
            this.groupBox2.TabStop = false;
            this.groupBox2.Text = "接收区";
            // 
            // groupBox3
            // 
            this.groupBox3.Controls.Add(this.labelGetCount);
            this.groupBox3.Controls.Add(this.labelSendCount);
            this.groupBox3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(316, 28);
            this.groupBox3.Name = "groupBox3";
            this.groupBox3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(200, 99);
            this.groupBox3.TabIndex = 22;
            this.groupBox3.TabStop = false;
            this.groupBox3.Text = "统计区";
            // 
            // groupBox4
            // 
            this.groupBox4.Controls.Add(this.comboPortName);
            this.groupBox4.Controls.Add(this.comboBaudrate);
            this.groupBox4.Controls.Add(this.label3);
            this.groupBox4.Controls.Add(this.label4);
            this.groupBox4.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(50, 28);
            this.groupBox4.Name = "groupBox4";
            this.groupBox4.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(200, 99);
            this.groupBox4.TabIndex = 23;
            this.groupBox4.TabStop = false;
            this.groupBox4.Text = "设置区";
            // 
            // SerialportSampleForm
            // 
            this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F);
            this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(571, 453);
            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox4);
            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox3);
            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox2);
            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox1);
            this.Controls.Add(this.buttonOpenClose);
            this.Name = "SerialportSampleForm";
            this.Text = "Form1";
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.SerialportSampleForm_Load);
            this.groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.groupBox1.PerformLayout();
            this.groupBox2.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.groupBox2.PerformLayout();
            this.groupBox3.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.groupBox3.PerformLayout();
            this.groupBox4.ResumeLayout(false);
            this.groupBox4.PerformLayout();
            this.ResumeLayout(false);

        }

        #endregion

        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboPortName;
        private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox comboBaudrate;
        private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBoxHexView;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label labelGetCount;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button buttonOpenClose;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Button buttonSend;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label labelSendCount;
        private System.Windows.Forms.CheckBox checkBoxHexSend;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txSend;
        private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txGet;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.Label label4;
        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox1;
        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox2;
        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox3;
        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox4;
    }
}

 

 

如果你们发现运行有错误，谢谢留言，会及时更改。谢谢，另外，源代码的工程文件我会上传到资源共享里~~~~~~