Block 的原理

1.Block的本质是一个结构体指针, 回调原理: 通过当前的block对应的结构体指针找到对应的结构体,然后在结构体中找到对应的函数名称, 最后调用函数 .

2.通过__block \ static \ 全局变量 修饰或定义的变量,传入到 block 对应的结构体中实质时传入了对应的变量地址& a, 所以修改变量后block 内部的变量也随着响应的改变. 

3.局部静态变量则传入的是实际的值, 所以即便修改原来的变量 block 内部的值仍不会变化.

EG:

ObjC 代码:

#import<Foundation/Foundation.h>

//局部变量
voidtest1(){
    int a = 10;
    void (^block)() = ^{
        NSLog(@"test1 a = %d", a);
    };
    a = 20;
    block();
}
//局部静态变量
voidtest2(){
  static inta = 10;
    void (^block)() = ^{
        NSLog(@"test2 a = %d", a);
    };
    a = 20;
    block();
}
//__block修饰
voidtest3(){
    __block  int a = 10;
    void (^block)() = ^{
        NSLog(@"test3 a = %d", a);
    };
    a = 20;
    block();
}
//全局变量调用
inta = 30;
voidtest4(){
   
        a = 50;
        void (^block)() = ^{
            NSLog(@"test4 a = %d", a);
        };
        a = 20;
        block();
}

intmain(intargc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        test1(); //10
        test2(); //20
        test3(); //20
        test4(); //20

    }
    return 0;

}

编译过后的c++代码;

struct__test1_block_impl_0 {

 struct__block_impl impl;
  struct__test1_block_desc_0* Desc;
  inta;
  __test1_block_impl_0(void*fp, struct __test1_block_desc_0 *desc,int_a, int flags=0) : a(_a) {
    impl.isa = &_NSConcreteStackBlock;
    impl.Flags = flags;
    impl.FuncPtr = fp;
    Desc = desc;
  }
};
staticvoid__test1_block_func_0(struct__test1_block_impl_0 *__cself) {
  inta = __cself->a; // bound by copy

        NSLog((NSString *)&__NSConstantStringImpl__var_folders_0n_2blpmxd960zf5lxdfdrd9l9r0000gn_T_main_504a7b_mi_0, a);
    }

staticstruct__test1_block_desc_0 {
  size_t reserved;
  size_t Block_size;
} __test1_block_desc_0_DATA = { 0, sizeof(struct__test1_block_impl_0)};
voidtest1(){
    int a = 10;
    void (*block)() = ((void(*)())&__test1_block_impl_0((void*)__test1_block_func_0, &__test1_block_desc_0_DATA,a));
    a = 20;
    ((void(*)(__block_impl *))((__block_impl *)block)->FuncPtr)((__block_impl *)block);
}


struct__test2_block_impl_0 {
  struct__block_impl impl;
  struct__test2_block_desc_0* Desc;
  int*a;
  __test2_block_impl_0(void*fp, struct __test2_block_desc_0 *desc,int*_a, int flags=0) : a(_a) {
    impl.isa = &_NSConcreteStackBlock;
    impl.Flags = flags;
    impl.FuncPtr = fp;
    Desc = desc;
  }
};
staticvoid__test2_block_func_0(struct__test2_block_impl_0 *__cself) {
  int*a = __cself->a; // bound by copy

        NSLog((NSString *)&__NSConstantStringImpl__var_folders_0n_2blpmxd960zf5lxdfdrd9l9r0000gn_T_main_504a7b_mi_1, (*a));
    }

staticstruct__test2_block_desc_0 {
  size_t reserved;
  size_t Block_size;
} __test2_block_desc_0_DATA = { 0, sizeof(struct__test2_block_impl_0)};
voidtest2(){
  staticinta = 10;
    void (*block)() = ((void(*)())&__test2_block_impl_0((void*)__test2_block_func_0, &__test2_block_desc_0_DATA,&a));
    a = 20;
    ((void(*)(__block_impl *))((__block_impl *)block)->FuncPtr)((__block_impl *)block);
}

struct__Block_byref_a_0 {
  void*__isa;
__Block_byref_a_0 *__forwarding;
 int__flags;
 int__size;
 inta;
};

struct__test3_block_impl_0 {
  struct__block_impl impl;
  struct__test3_block_desc_0* Desc;
  __Block_byref_a_0 *a; // by ref
  __test3_block_impl_0(void*fp, struct __test3_block_desc_0 *desc, __Block_byref_a_0 *_a,intflags=0) : a(_a->__forwarding) {
    impl.isa = &_NSConcreteStackBlock;
    impl.Flags = flags;
    impl.FuncPtr = fp;
    Desc = desc;
  }
};
staticvoid__test3_block_func_0(struct__test3_block_impl_0 *__cself) {
  __Block_byref_a_0 *a = __cself->a; // bound by ref

        NSLog((NSString *)&__NSConstantStringImpl__var_folders_0n_2blpmxd960zf5lxdfdrd9l9r0000gn_T_main_504a7b_mi_2, (a->__forwarding->a));
    }
staticvoid__test3_block_copy_0(struct__test3_block_impl_0*dst, struct __test3_block_impl_0*src) {_Block_object_assign((void*)&dst->a, (void*)src->a,8/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_BYREF*/);}

staticvoid__test3_block_dispose_0(struct__test3_block_impl_0*src) {_Block_object_dispose((void*)src->a,8/*BLOCK_FIELD_IS_BYREF*/);}

staticstruct__test3_block_desc_0 {
  size_t reserved;
  size_t Block_size;
  void(*copy)(struct__test3_block_impl_0*, struct __test3_block_impl_0*);
  void(*dispose)(struct__test3_block_impl_0*);
} __test3_block_desc_0_DATA = { 0, sizeof(struct__test3_block_impl_0), __test3_block_copy_0, __test3_block_dispose_0};
voidtest3(){

   __attribute__((__blocks__(byref))) __Block_byref_a_0 a = {(void*)0,(__Block_byref_a_0 *)&a,0, sizeof(__Block_byref_a_0), 10};

   void (*block)() = ((void(*)())&__test3_block_impl_0((void*)__test3_block_func_0, &__test3_block_desc_0_DATA, (__Block_byref_a_0 *)&a,570425344));

    (a.__forwarding->a) =20;
    ((void(*)(__block_impl *))((__block_impl *)block)->FuncPtr)((__block_impl *)block);
}

inta = 30;

struct__test4_block_impl_0 {
  struct__block_impl impl;
  struct__test4_block_desc_0* Desc;
  __test4_block_impl_0(void*fp, struct __test4_block_desc_0 *desc,intflags=0) {
    impl.isa = &_NSConcreteStackBlock;
    impl.Flags = flags;
    impl.FuncPtr = fp;
    Desc = desc;
  }
};
staticvoid__test4_block_func_0(struct__test4_block_impl_0 *__cself) {

            NSLog((NSString *)&__NSConstantStringImpl__var_folders_0n_2blpmxd960zf5lxdfdrd9l9r0000gn_T_main_504a7b_mi_3, a);
        }

staticstruct__test4_block_desc_0 {
  size_t reserved;
  size_t Block_size;
} __test4_block_desc_0_DATA = { 0, sizeof(struct__test4_block_impl_0)};
voidtest4(){

        a = 50;
        void (*block)() = ((void(*)())&__test4_block_impl_0((void*)__test4_block_func_0, &__test4_block_desc_0_DATA));
        a = 20;
        ((void(*)(__block_impl *))((__block_impl *)block)->FuncPtr)((__block_impl *)block);
}

intmain(intargc, const char * argv[]) {
    /* @autoreleasepool */{ __AtAutoreleasePool __autoreleasepool;
        test1();
        test2();
        test3();
        test4();

    }
    return 0;

}