12306 API 研究

来源：互联网发布：c语言改文件名编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/18 02:25

引子

本篇记录 12306 对外暴露的 API 信息, 具有时效性, 仅供学习.

APIs

1.
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=ADULT&queryDate=2016-08-20&from_station=WHN&to_station=SNH

余票查询

import requestsimport osfrom pprint import pprintfrom requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarningclass Train:    ticket_hash = {        '商务座': 'swz_num',        '特等座': 'tz_num',        '一等座': 'zy_num',        '二等座': 'ze_num',        '高级软卧': 'gr_num',        '软卧': 'rw_num',        '硬卧': 'yw_num',        '软座': 'rz_num',        '硬座': 'yz_num',        '无座': 'wz_num',        '其它': 'qt_num'    }    def __init__(self, date, from_station, to_station, train_code=None, ticket_type=None):        # 抑制 12306 自签发的 SSL 证书引发的 warning        requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)        self.stationList = self.stationInit()        self.date = date        self.from_station = from_station        self.to_station = to_station        self.train_code = train_code        self.ticket_type = ticket_type    @staticmethod    def stationInit():        """        @bji|北京|BJP|beijing|bj|2        @拼音缩写三位|站点名称|编码|拼音|拼音缩写|序号        :return:        """        stations = {}        if not os.path.isfile('station_name.js'):            res = requests.get(                'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/js/framework/station_name.js',                verify=False            )            with open('station_name.js', 'wb') as fp:                fp.write(res.content)        with open('station_name.js', encoding='utf8') as fp:            data = fp.read()            data = data.partition('=')[2].strip("'")  # var station_names ='..'        for station in data.split('@')[1:]:            items = station.split('|')  # bjb|北京北|VAP|beijingbei|bjb|0            stations[items[1]] = items[2]        return stations    def query(self):        query_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/lcxxcx/query?purpose_codes=ADULT&queryDate={}' \                    '&from_station={}&to_station={}'.format(            self.date,            self.stationList[self.from_station],            self.stationList[self.to_station]        )        res = requests.get(query_url, verify=False).json()        pprint(res)        if res == -1:            return False        if not res['data']['flag']:            return False        if self.train_code and self.ticket_type:            for each_train in res['data']['datas']:                if each_train['station_train_code'] == self.train_code:                    for each_ticket in self.ticket_type:                        print(each_ticket + ': ' + each_train[self.ticket_hash[each_ticket]])        else:            for each_train in res['data']['datas']:                print(each_train['station_train_code'])t = Train('2016-08-20', '武汉', '上海南', 'K121', ['硬卧', '软卧', '硬座', '软座', '无座'])t.query()

2.
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/czxx/queryByTrainNo?train_no=39000D302808&from_station_telecode=AOH&to_station_telecode=ZEK&depart_date=2016-08-20

查询 train_no 指定车次所有经过的站

3.
https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/queryTicketPrice?train_no=39000D302808&from_station_no=01&to_station_no=12&seat_types=OMO&train_date=2016-08-19

查询 train_no 指定车次票价
其中, from_station_no, to_station_no 以及 seat_types 来自接口 1

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