使用httpclient构造http/https客户端

目前接口测试使用jmeter工具配置服务器IP、端口号、协议、url路径、请求方法、请求参数，参考jmeter的设计我们可以用编程语言自己实现一个客户端，本文主要讲一下使用httpclient构造http/https客户端的代码实现。
1.公共请求参数类，主要包括IP、端口号、协议、所有请求组成的链表

import java.util.List;/** * ClassName: RequestParameter *  * @author xiezhaoqing192 * @date 2016年4月26日 */public class RequestParameter { private String host; private int port; private String protocol; private List<BasicParameter> basparams; public String getHost() {  return host; } public void setHost(String host) {  this.host = host; } public int getPort() {  return port; } public void setPort(int port) {  this.port = port; } public String getProtocol() {  return protocol; } public void setProtocol(String protocol) {  this.protocol = protocol; } public List<BasicParameter> getBasparams() {  return basparams; } public void setBasparams(List<BasicParameter> basparams) {  this.basparams = basparams; }}

2.具体的请求参数类

import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;/** * ClassName: BasicParameter *  * @author xiezhaoqing192 * @date 2016年4月26日 */public class BasicParameter {    private String apiUrl;    private String method;    private Map<String,String> paramters=new HashMap<String,String>();    private String uniqueid;    private Map<String,String> fileList=new HashMap<String,String>();     //新增逻辑，支持后置处理器 2016.05.20 by djj    private Map<String,String> afterCatch=new HashMap<String,String>();     /**     * 默认构造函数     * @param String apiUrl,String method,String uniqueid     * @return N／A     * @throws N／A     */    public BasicParameter(String apiUrl,String method,String uniqueid){        this.apiUrl=apiUrl;        this.method=method;        this.uniqueid=uniqueid;    }    public String getApiUrl() {        return apiUrl;    }    public void setApiUrl(String apiUrl) {        this.apiUrl = apiUrl;    }    public String getMethod() {        return method;    }    public void setMethod(String method) {        this.method = method;    }    public Map<String,String> getParamters() {        return paramters;    }    public void addParamters(String key,String value) {        paramters.put(key, value);    }    public void addFile(String key,String value) {        fileList.put(key, value);    }    public void addAfterCatch(String key,String value) {        afterCatch.put(key, value);    }    public String getUniqueid() {        return uniqueid;    }    public void setUniqueid(String uniqueid) {        this.uniqueid = uniqueid;    }    public Map<String,String> getAfterCatch() {        return afterCatch;    }    /**     * @return the fileList     */    public Map<String,String> getFileList() {        return fileList;    }    /**     * @param fileList the fileList to set     */    public void setFileList(Map<String,String> fileList) {        this.fileList = fileList;    }}

3.响应参数类

import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import org.apache.http.Header;/** * ClassName: BasicResponse *  * @author xiezhaoqing192 * @date 2016年4月26日 */public class ResponseParameter {    private int respcode;    private String respdata;    private String respmsg;    private String uniqueid;    private int runtime;    private String urlString;    private Map<String,String>headers=new HashMap<String,String>();    public Integer getRespcode() {        return respcode;    }    public void setRespcode(Integer respcode) {        this.respcode = respcode;    }    public String getRespmsg() {        return respmsg;    }    public void setRespmsg(String respmsg) {        this.respmsg = respmsg;    }    public String getUniqueid() {        return uniqueid;    }    public void setUniqueid(String uniqueid) {        this.uniqueid = uniqueid;    }    public Integer getRuntime() {        return runtime;    }    public void setRuntime(Integer runtime) {        this.runtime = runtime;    }    /**     * @return the headers     */    public Map<String,String> getHeaders() {        return headers;    }    /**     * @param headers the headers to set     */    public void setHeaders(Header[] headers) {        if(headers!=null)        for(Header header:headers)        {            this.headers.put(header.getName(), header.getValue());        }    }    /**     * @return the urlString     */    public String getUrlString() {        return urlString;    }    /**     * @param urlString the urlString to set     */    public void setUrlString(String urlString) {        this.urlString = urlString;    }    /**     * @return the respdata     */    public String getRespdata() {        return respdata;    }    /**     * @param respdata the respdata to set     */    public void setRespdata(String respdata) {        this.respdata = respdata;    }}

4.创建URI

import java.net.URI;import java.net.URISyntaxException;import java.util.List;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIBuilder;/** * ClassName: HttpURIBuilder *  * @author xiezhaoqing192 * @date 2016年4月26日 */public class HttpURIBuilder {  public static URI buildHttpURI(String host, int port, String api,    List<NameValuePair> nvps,String protocol) {   URI uri = URI.create("");   try {    URIBuilder builder = new URIBuilder();    builder.setScheme(protocol);    builder.setHost(host);    builder.setPort(port);    builder.setPath(api);     if(null != nvps)     for (NameValuePair nvp:nvps){      builder.setParameter(nvp.getName(), nvp.getValue());     }    uri = builder.build();   } catch (URISyntaxException e) {    // TODO Auto-generated catch block    e.printStackTrace();   }    return uri;  }}

5.HttpClient具体实现类

import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.net.URI;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import java.security.KeyManagementException;import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.security.cert.CertificateException;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.List;import java.util.Map;import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody; import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import org.apache.commons.httpclient.ConnectTimeoutException;import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;import org.apache.http.ParseException;import org.apache.http.ProtocolVersion;import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.PlainSocketFactory;import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.X509HostnameVerifier;import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;import org.apache.http.impl.conn.tsccm.ThreadSafeClientConnManager;import org.apache.http.message.BasicHttpResponse;import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntity;  import  org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.StringBody;/** * ClassName: HttpResImpl * @warming 这个类为核心类，封装了基本请求，后置处理器，类正则提取，请勿更改任何逻辑 2016.05.20 at丁晶晶 * @author xiezhaoqing192 * @date 2016年4月26日 */@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")public class HttpResImpl implements HttpRes{    private  Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpResImpl.class);    private  HttpClient httpclient = null;    private  HttpResponse response = null;    private Map<String,String> afterCatchPool=new HashMap<String,String>();     @Override    public HttpResponse getInstance() {        if (null == response) {            response = new BasicHttpResponse(new ProtocolVersion("HTTP_ERROR", 1, 1), 500, "ERROR");        }        return response;    }    @Override    public HttpClient createHttpClient(String protocol) {        HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();        // 连接超时        HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(params, HttpConstants.TIMEOUT);        // 请求超时        HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(params, HttpConstants.TIMEOUT);        //保持长连接设置，后期将这个引出吧    //    HttpConnectionParams.setSoKeepalive(params, false);        // 设置我们的HttpClient支持HTTP和HTTPS两种模式        SchemeRegistry schReg = new SchemeRegistry();        if ("HTTP".equals(protocol.toUpperCase())) {            schReg.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));        } else if ("HTTPS".equals(protocol.toUpperCase())) {            // 创建TrustManager()            // 用于解决javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: peer not            // authenticated            X509TrustManager trustManager = new X509TrustManager() {                @Override                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {                }                @Override                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {                }                @Override                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {                    return null;                }            };            // 创建HostnameVerifier            // 用于解决javax.net.ssl.SSLException: hostname in certificate didn't            // match: <202.69.27.140> != <*.pingan.com.cn>            X509HostnameVerifier hostnameVerifier = new X509HostnameVerifier() {                @Override                public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl) throws IOException {                }                @Override                public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert) throws SSLException {                }                @Override                public void verify(String host, String[] cns, String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {                }                @Override                public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {                    return true;                }            };            SSLContext sslContext = null;            try {                sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLSocketFactory.TLS);            } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                e.printStackTrace();            }            // 使用TrustManager来初始化该上下文,TrustManager只是被SSL的Socket所使用            try {                sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { trustManager }, null);            } catch (KeyManagementException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                e.printStackTrace();            }            // 创建SSLSocketFactory            SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = new SSLSocketFactory(sslContext, hostnameVerifier);            schReg.register(new Scheme("https", socketFactory, 443));        } else {            logger.error("不支持除http/https之外的协议");        }        // 使用线程安全的连接管理来创建HttpClient        ClientConnectionManager conMgr = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, schReg);        if(httpclient==null){        httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(conMgr, params);        }        return httpclient;    }    @Override    public List<ResponseParameter> execute(RequestParameter reqparams) {        httpclient = createHttpClient(reqparams.getProtocol());        response = getInstance();        List<ResponseParameter> resparams = new ArrayList<ResponseParameter>();        for (BasicParameter bp : reqparams.getBasparams()) {            List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();            params = MapToNvps.convertToNvps(bp.getParamters(),afterCatchPool);            ResponseParameter rp = new ResponseParameter();            long startMili = 0;//定义开始时间            long endMili=0;//定义结束时间            URI request = HttpURIBuilder.buildHttpURI(reqparams.getHost(), reqparams.getPort(), bp.getApiUrl(), params,                    reqparams.getProtocol());            String urlString=request.toString();            try {                if ("GET".equals(bp.getMethod().toUpperCase())) {                    HttpGet hg = new HttpGet(request);                    startMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数                    response = httpclient.execute(hg);                    endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数－结束                }                else if ("POST".equals(bp.getMethod().toUpperCase())) {                    HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(request);                     MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity();                     if(bp.getFileList()!=null)                    for( Map.Entry<String, String> filePara:bp.getFileList().entrySet()){                        try{                           File file = new File(filePara.getValue());                           FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);                              entity.addPart(filePara.getKey(), fileBody);                         }                        catch(Exception e){                        }                    };                    for(Map.Entry<String, String> para:bp.getParamters().entrySet()){                        StringBody paraMeters = new StringBody(para.getValue());                         entity.addPart(para.getKey(), paraMeters);                    }                     httppost.setEntity(entity);                      startMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数                    response = httpclient.execute(httppost);                    endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数－结束                }                else if ("PUT".equals(bp.getMethod().toUpperCase())) {                    HttpPut p = new HttpPut(request);                    startMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数                    response = httpclient.execute(p);                    endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数－结束                }                else if ("DELETE".equals(bp.getMethod().toUpperCase())) {                    HttpDelete hd = new HttpDelete(request);                    startMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数                    response = httpclient.execute(hd);                    endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();// 当前时间对应的毫秒数－结束                }                rp.setHeaders(response.getAllHeaders());                rp.setRespcode(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());                rp.setRespmsg(response.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());                rp.setUniqueid(bp.getUniqueid());                rp.setUrlString(urlString);                rp.setRuntime((int) (endMili-startMili));                try{                rp.setRespdata(EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity(),"UTF-8"));}                catch(IOException e){                    rp.setRespdata("自动化平台不支持的返回对象");                }            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();                e.printStackTrace();                  rp.setHeaders(null);                rp.setRespcode(408);                rp.setRespdata(null);                rp.setRespmsg("找不到服务器："+e.getMessage());                rp.setUniqueid(bp.getUniqueid());                rp.setRuntime((int) (endMili-startMili));                rp.setUrlString(urlString);            }             catch (ConnectTimeoutException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();                    e.printStackTrace();                      rp.setHeaders(null);                    rp.setRespcode(408);                    rp.setRespdata(null);                    rp.setRespmsg("连接超时："+e.getMessage());                    rp.setUniqueid(bp.getUniqueid());                    rp.setRuntime((int) (endMili-startMili));                    rp.setUrlString(urlString);                }            catch (ClientProtocolException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();                e.printStackTrace();                  rp.setHeaders(null);                rp.setRespcode(408);                rp.setRespdata(null);                rp.setRespmsg(e.getMessage());                rp.setUniqueid(bp.getUniqueid());                rp.setRuntime((int) (endMili-startMili));                rp.setUrlString(urlString);            } catch (IOException e) {                // TODO Auto-generated catch block                endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();                e.printStackTrace();                rp.setHeaders(null);                rp.setRespcode(408);                rp.setRespdata(null);                rp.setRespmsg(e.getMessage());                rp.setUniqueid(bp.getUniqueid());                rp.setRuntime((int) (endMili-startMili));                rp.setUrlString(urlString);            }             catch (Exception e) {                endMili=System.currentTimeMillis();                e.printStackTrace();                rp.setHeaders(null);                rp.setRespcode(408);                rp.setRespdata(null);                rp.setRespmsg(e.getMessage());                rp.setUniqueid(bp.getUniqueid());                rp.setRuntime((int) (endMili-startMili));                rp.setUrlString(urlString);            }            resparams.add(rp);            String responseString;            //获取接口的json            Map<String,String>afterCatchMap= bp.getAfterCatch();//获取后置处理器            for(Map.Entry<String,String> afterCatch:afterCatchMap.entrySet()){                //这里异常不抛出去，如果这里出现错误，则直接给后置处理器赋空            try {                    responseString = rp.getRespdata();//获取接口的json                     String afterCatchValue=JsonHelper.getValueInJsonStringByKey(afterCatch.getValue(), responseString);//获取json提取值                     afterCatchPool.put(afterCatch.getKey(), afterCatchValue);                } catch (ParseException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                     afterCatchPool.put(afterCatch.getKey(), null);                } catch (IOException e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                     afterCatchPool.put(afterCatch.getKey(), null);                } catch (Exception e) {                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                     afterCatchPool.put(afterCatch.getKey(), null);                }            }        }        return resparams;    }    /**     * @return the afterCatchPool     */    public Map<String,String> getAfterCatchPool() {        return afterCatchPool;    }    /**     * @param afterCatchPool the afterCatchPool to set     */    public void setAfterCatchPool(Map<String,String> afterCatchPool) {        this.afterCatchPool = afterCatchPool;    }}

以上就实现了支持http/https协议的client。

作者：谢照青

文／道韫（简书作者）
原文链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/309259e07473
著作权归作者所有，转载请联系作者获得授权，并标注“简书作者”。