android线程池

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Android线程池

Handler+Runnable模式

我们先看一个并不是异步线程加载的例子,使用 Handler+Runnable模式。

这里为何不是新开线程的原因请参看这篇文章:Android Runnable运行在那个线程 这里的代码其实是在UI主线程中下载图片的,而不是新开线程。

我们运行下面代码时,会发现他其实是阻塞了整个界面的显示,需要所有图片都加载完成后,才能显示界面。

 

1 package ghj1976.AndroidTest;

 2  

 3 import java.io.IOException;

 4 import java.net.URL;

 5 import android.app.Activity;

 6 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

 7 import android.os.Bundle;

 8 import android.os.Handler;

 9 import android.os.SystemClock;

10 import android.util.Log;

11 import android.widget.ImageView;

12  

13 public class MainActivityextends Activity {

14         @Override

15         public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

16                 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

17                 setContentView(R.layout.main);

18                 loadImage("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_logo.gif", R.id.imageView1);

19                 loadImage(<img id="\"aimg_W4qPt\"" onclick="\"zoom(this,"this.src,="" 0,="" 0)\"="" class="\"zoom\"" file="\"http://www.chinatelecom.com.cn/images/logo_new.gif\"" onmouseover="\"img_onmouseoverfunc(this)\"" onload="\"thumbImg(this)\"" border="\"0\"" alt="\"\"" src="\"http://www.chinatelecom.com.cn/images/logo_new.gif\"" lazyloaded="true">",

20                                 R.id.imageView2);

21                 loadImage("http://cache.soso.com/30d/img/web/logo.gif, R.id.imageView3);

22                 loadImage("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif",

23                                 R.id.imageView4);

24                 loadImage("http://images.cnblogs.com/logo_small.gif",

25                                 R.id.imageView5);

26         }

27  

28         private Handler handler =new Handler();

29  

30         private void loadImage(final String url,final int id) {

31                 handler.post(new Runnable() {

32                         public void run() {

33                                 Drawable drawable =null;

34                                 try {

35                                         drawable = Drawable.createFromStream(

36                                                         new URL(url).openStream(), "image.gif");

37                                 }catch (IOException e) {

38                                         Log.d("test", e.getMessage());

39                                 }

40                                 if (drawable ==null) {

41                                         Log.d("test", "null drawable");

42                                 }else {

43                                         Log.d("test", "not null drawable");

44                                 }

45                                 // 为了测试缓存而模拟的网络延时

46                                 SystemClock.sleep(2000);

47                                 ((ImageView) MainActivity.this.findViewById(id))

48                                                 .setImageDrawable(drawable);

49                         }

50                 });

51         }

52 }

 

Handler+Thread+Message模式

这种模式使用了线程,所以可以看到异步加载的效果。

 

1 package ghj1976.AndroidTest;

 2  

 3 import java.io.IOException;

 4 import java.net.URL;

 5 import android.app.Activity;

 6 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

 7 import android.os.Bundle;

 8 import android.os.Handler;

 9 import android.os.Message;

10 import android.os.SystemClock;

11 import android.util.Log;

12 import android.widget.ImageView;

13  

14 public class MainActivityextends Activity {

15         @Override

16         public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

17                 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

18                 setContentView(R.layout.main);

19                 loadImage2("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_logo.gif", R.id.imageView1);

20                 loadImage2("http://www.chinatelecom.com.cn/images/logo_new.gif",

21                                 R.id.imageView2);

22                 loadImage2("http://cache.soso.com/30d/img/web/logo.gif", R.id.imageView3);

23                 loadImage2("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif",

24                                 R.id.imageView4);

25                 loadImage2("http://images.cnblogs.com/logo_small.gif",

26                                 R.id.imageView5);

27         }

28  

29         final Handler handler2 =new Handler() {

30                 @Override

31                 public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

32                         ((ImageView) MainActivity.this.findViewById(msg.arg1))

33                                         .setImageDrawable((Drawable) msg.obj);

34                 }

35         };

36  

37         // 采用handler+Thread模式实现多线程异步加载

38         private void loadImage2(final String url,final int id) {

39                 Thread thread = new Thread() {

40                         @Override

41                         public void run() {

42                                 Drawable drawable =null;

43                                 try {

44                                         drawable = Drawable.createFromStream(

45                                                         new URL(url).openStream(), "image.png");

46                                 }catch (IOException e) {

47                                         Log.d("test", e.getMessage());

48                                 }

49  

50                                 // 模拟网络延时

51                                 SystemClock.sleep(2000);

52  

53                                 Message message = handler2.obtainMessage();

54                                 message.arg1 = id;

55                                 message.obj = drawable;

56                                 handler2.sendMessage(message);

57                         }

58                 };

59                 thread.start();

60                 thread = null;

61         }

62  

63 }

Handler+ExecutorService(线程池)+MessageQueue模式

能开线程的个数毕竟是有限的,我们总不能开很多线程,对于手机更是如此。

这个例子是使用线程池。Android拥有与Java相同的ExecutorService实现,我们就来用它。

线程池的基本思想还是一种对象池的思想,开辟一块内存空间,里面存放了众多(未死亡)的线程,池中线程执行调度由池管理器来处理。当有线程任务时,从池中取一个,执行完成后线程对象归池,这样可以避免反复创建线程对象所带来的性能开销,节省了系统的资源。

 

1 package ghj1976.AndroidTest;

 2  

 3 import java.io.IOException;

 4 import java.net.URL;

 5 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

 6 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

 7  

 8 import android.app.Activity;

 9 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

10 import android.os.Bundle;

11 import android.os.Handler;

12 import android.os.Message;

13 import android.os.SystemClock;

14 import android.util.Log;

15 import android.widget.ImageView;

16  

17 public class MainActivityextends Activity {

18         @Override

19         public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

20                 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

21                 setContentView(R.layout.main);

22                 loadImage3("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_logo.gif", R.id.imageView1);

23                 loadImage3("http://www.chinatelecom.com.cn/images/logo_new.gif",

24                                 R.id.imageView2);

25                 loadImage3("http://cache.soso.com/30d/img/web/logo.gif",

26                                 R.id.imageView3);

27                 loadImage3("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif",

28                                 R.id.imageView4);

29                 loadImage3("http://images.cnblogs.com/logo_small.gif",

30                                 R.id.imageView5);

31         }

32  

33         private Handler handler =new Handler();

34  

35         private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);

36  

37         // 引入线程池来管理多线程

38         private void loadImage3(final String url,final int id) {

39                 executorService.submit(new Runnable() {

40                         public void run() {

41                                 try {

42                                         final Drawable drawable = Drawable.createFromStream(

43                                                         new URL(url).openStream(), "image.png");

44                                         // 模拟网络延时

45                                         SystemClock.sleep(2000);

46                                         handler.post(new Runnable() {

47                                                 public void run() {

48                                                         ((ImageView) MainActivity.this.findViewById(id))

49                                                                         .setImageDrawable(drawable);

50                                                 }

51                                         });

52                                 }catch (Exception e) {

53                                         throw new RuntimeException(e);

54                                 }

55                         }

56                 });

57         }

58 }

 

Handler+ExecutorService(线程池)+MessageQueue+缓存模式

下面比起前一个做了几个改造:

· 把整个代码封装在一个类中

· 为了避免出现同时多次下载同一幅图的问题,使用了本地缓存

 

1 package ghj1976.AndroidTest;

 2  

 3 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;

 4 import java.net.URL;

 5 import java.util.HashMap;

 6 import java.util.Map;

 7 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

 8 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

 9  

10 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

11 import android.os.Handler;

12 import android.os.SystemClock;

13  

14 public class AsyncImageLoader3 {

15         // 为了加快速度,在内存中开启缓存(主要应用于重复图片较多时,或者同一个图片要多次被访问,比如在ListView时来回滚动)

16         public Map<String, SoftReference<Drawable>> imageCache =new HashMap<String, SoftReference<Drawable>>();

17          

18         private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);// 固定五个线程来执行任务

19         private final Handler handler =new Handler();

20  

21         /**

22          *

23          *@param imageUrl

24          *            图像url地址

25          *@param callback

26          *            回调接口

27          * <a href="\"http://www.eoeandroid.com/home.php?mod=space&uid=7300\"" target="\"_blank\"">@return</a> 返回内存中缓存的图像,第一次加载返回null

28          */

29         public Drawable loadDrawable(final String imageUrl,

30                         final ImageCallback callback) {

31                 // 如果缓存过就从缓存中取出数据

32                 if (imageCache.containsKey(imageUrl)) {

33                         SoftReference<Drawable> softReference = imageCache.get(imageUrl);

34                         if (softReference.get() !=null) {

35                                 return softReference.get();

36                         }

37                 }

38                 // 缓存中没有图像,则从网络上取出数据,并将取出的数据缓存到内存中

39                 executorService.submit(new Runnable() {

40                         public void run() {

41                                 try {

42                                         final Drawable drawable = loadImageFromUrl(imageUrl);

43                                                  

44                                         imageCache.put(imageUrl,new SoftReference<Drawable>(

45                                                         drawable));

46  

47                                         handler.post(new Runnable() {

48                                                 public void run() {

49                                                         callback.imageLoaded(drawable);

50                                                 }

51                                         });

52                                 }catch (Exception e) {

53                                         throw new RuntimeException(e);

54                                 }

55                         }

56                 });

57                 return null;

58         }

59  

60         // 从网络上取数据方法

61         protected Drawable loadImageFromUrl(String imageUrl) {

62                 try {

63                         // 测试时,模拟网络延时,实际时这行代码不能有

64                         SystemClock.sleep(2000);

65  

66                         return Drawable.createFromStream(new URL(imageUrl).openStream(),

67                                         "image.png");

68  

69                 } catch (Exception e) {

70                         throw new RuntimeException(e);

71                 }

72         }

73  

74         // 对外界开放的回调接口

75         public interface ImageCallback {

76                 // 注意 此方法是用来设置目标对象的图像资源

77                 public void imageLoaded(Drawable imageDrawable);

78         }

79 }

 

说明:

final参数是指当函数参数为final类型时,你可以读取使用该参数,但是无法改变该参数的值。参看:Java关键字finalstatic使用总结
这里使用SoftReference是为了解决内存不足的错误(OutOfMemoryError)的,更详细的可以参看:内存优化的两个类:SoftReferenceWeakReference

前段调用:

 

1 package ghj1976.AndroidTest;

 2  

 3 import android.app.Activity;

 4 import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;

 5 import android.os.Bundle;

 6  

 7 import android.widget.ImageView;

 8  

 9 public class MainActivityextends Activity {

10         @Override

11         public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

12                 super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

13                 setContentView(R.layout.main);

14                 loadImage4("http://www.baidu.com/img/baidu_logo.gif", R.id.imageView1);

15                 loadImage4("http://www.chinatelecom.com.cn/images/logo_new.gif",

16                                 R.id.imageView2);

17                 loadImage4("http://cache.soso.com/30d/img/web/logo.gif",

18                                 R.id.imageView3);

19                 loadImage4("http://csdnimg.cn/www/images/csdnindex_logo.gif",

20                                 R.id.imageView4);

21                 loadImage4("http://images.cnblogs.com/logo_small.gif",

22                                 R.id.imageView5);

23         }

24  

25         private AsyncImageLoader3 asyncImageLoader3 =new AsyncImageLoader3();

26  

27         // 引入线程池,并引入内存缓存功能,并对外部调用封装了接口,简化调用过程

28         private void loadImage4(final String url,final int id) {

29                 // 如果缓存过就会从缓存中取出图像,ImageCallback接口中方法也不会被执行

30                 Drawable cacheImage = asyncImageLoader3.loadDrawable(url,

31                                 new AsyncImageLoader3.ImageCallback() {

32                                         // 请参见实现:如果第一次加载url时下面方法会执行

33                                         public void imageLoaded(Drawable imageDrawable) {

34                                                 ((ImageView) findViewById(id))

35                                                                 .setImageDrawable(imageDrawable);

36                                         }

37                                 });

38                 if (cacheImage !=null) {

39                         ((ImageView) findViewById(id)).setImageDrawable(cacheImage);

40                 }

41         }

42  

43 }

 

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