Django 导出 Excel 代码详解

来源：互联网发布：js 移除class中的一个编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/07 19:36

这篇技术贴讲怎样在Django的框架下导出Excel，最开始打算用ajax post data 过去，但是发现不行，所以改用了get的方式。如果只有一个id(pk)那用get的方式很简单就可以访问对应的view section，但是如果是多个ids，我用的是session，大家还有其他好的例子吗？希望一起讨论。

Python3.5 Django 1.10, sqlite3, windows 10

1. virtualenv export_excel <--- create a virtualenv for django

2. cd export_excel <--- go into the export_excel folder

3. Script\active <--- activate env environment.

once activate the environment, in the windows would be liked as above.

4. pip install django.

5. pip install django-bootstrap3. <-- bootstrap3 for django.

6. pip install xlsxwriter. <-- this uses for excel export.(用xlsxwriter 这个python 库)

1. urls.py

"""export_excel URL ConfigurationThe `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/Examples:Function views    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')Class-based views    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')Including another URLconf    1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))"""from django.conf.urls import urlfrom django.contrib import adminfrom django.views.generic import ListViewfrom .models import ExcelDemoDatafrom . import viewsurlpatterns = [    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),    url(r'^$',  ListView.as_view(queryset = ExcelDemoData.objects.all().defer('id', 'part_number').order_by('id')[:100], template_name="part_num_list.html"), name = 'home'),    url(r'^demo/exportall/$',  views.export_all_to_excel, name = 'export_all_to_excel'),]

2. views.py

from django.http import JsonResponse, Http404from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404, render_to_response  from django.http import HttpResponseRedirectfrom django.contrib import messagesfrom django.core.urlresolvers import reversefrom django.http import HttpResponsefrom .models import ExcelDemoDatafrom .forms import ExcelDemoFormfrom .excel_utils import WriteToExcelfrom . import attrs_override as attr        def export_sig_to_excel(request, pk):    if request.method == 'GET':        demo_list = []        try:            demo_row = ExcelDemoData.objects.get(pk = pk)        except ExcelDemoData.DoesNotExist:            messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, 'the Part Number: [%s] does not exist in database.'  % str(pk))        else:                demo_list.append(demo_row)                      response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/ms-excel')        response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=ExcelDemoData_%s.xlsx' % demo_row.demo_row_part_number         xlsx_data = WriteToExcel(demo_list)        response.write(xlsx_data)        return response                                def export_all_to_excel(request):    if request.method == 'GET':        if 'store_modi_id' in request.session:             messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, 'The Part Number have been lost, please re-search them.')             return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('home'))                    demo_list = []        pn_id_list =  request.session['searched_sb_list']  #<--- the session will be created when a list page was created.        for id in pn_id_list:            try:                demo_row = ExcelDemoData.objects.get(pk = id)            except SmartBuy.DoesNotExist:                messages.add_message(request, messages.ERROR, 'the Part Number does not exist in database.' )            else:                    demo_list.append(demo_row)                      response = HttpResponse(content_type='application/ms-excel')        response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename=ExcelDemoData_%s.xlsx' % attr.get_current_timestamp()         xlsx_data = WriteToExcel(demo_list)        response.write(xlsx_data)        return response

3. models.py

from django.db import models# Create your models here.class ExcelDemoData(models.Model):        # ---- this is ExcelDemoData scope ----     demo_qty = models.PositiveIntegerField(blank = True, null=True)    demo_part_number = models.CharField(max_length = 20, blank = True, null=True) # smart buy part number cannot be empty.    demo_nonfio_sku = models.CharField(max_length = 200, blank = True, null=True)    demo_desc = models.CharField(max_length = 500, blank = True, null=True)    demo_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True)    demo_ex_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True)    demo_msrp = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True)    demo_ex_msrp = models.DecimalField(max_digits=15, decimal_places=2, blank = True, null=True)            def __str__(self):        return str(self.pk) + ' Part Number: ' + self.demo_part_number

4. forms.py

from django import formsfrom django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _from .models import ExcelDemoDatafrom .attrs_override import * class ExcelDemoForm(forms.ModelForm):         class Meta:        model = <span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ExcelDemoData</span>                widgets = {            # ----- Smart ------            'demo_qty': forms.NumberInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),            'demo_part_number': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),            'demo_nonfio_sku': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),            'demo_desc': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': SELECT_CSS}),            'demo_cost': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),            'demo_ex_cost': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),            'demo_msrp': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),            'demo_ex_msrp': forms.TextInput(attrs = {'class': INPUT_CSS}),        }                labels = {            # ----- Smart ------            'demo_qty': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + QTY_TXT),            'demo_part_number': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + PART_NUM_TXT),            'demo_nonfio_sku': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + NONFIO_SKU),            'demo_desc': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + DESC_TXT),            'demo_cost': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + COST_TXT),            'demo_ex_cost': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + EX_COST_TXT),            'demo_msrp': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + MSRP_TXT),            'demo_ex_msrp': _(DEMO_TXT + ' ' + EX_MSRP_TXT),                    }                exclude = []

5. excel_utils.py

try:    from BytesIO import BytesIOexcept ImportError:    from io import BytesIO    import xlsxwriterfrom django.utils.translation import ugettext as _from .models import ExcelDemoDatafrom .attrs_override import *def WriteToExcel(demo_list):        output = BytesIO()    workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook(output)    worksheet_s = workbook.add_worksheet('Smart Buy')    worksheet_b = workbook.add_worksheet('Part Number List')        # excel styles    title = workbook.add_format({        'bold': True,        'font_size': 14,        'align': 'center',        'valign': 'vcenter'    })    header = workbook.add_format({        'bg_color': '#F7F7F7',        'color': 'black',        'align': 'center',        'valign': 'top',        'border': 1    })        bold_header = workbook.add_format({        'bold': True,        'bg_color': '#F7F7F7',        'color': 'black',        'align': 'center',        'valign': 'top',        'border': 1    })        cell = workbook.add_format({        'align': 'left',        'valign': 'top',        'text_wrap': True,        'border': 1    })        bold_cell = workbook.add_format({        'bold': True,        'align': 'left',        'valign': 'top',        'text_wrap': True,        'border': 1    })        cell_center = workbook.add_format({        'align': 'center',        'valign': 'top',        'border': 1    })        # write header, this is row 1 in excel    worksheet_s.write(0, 0, _(HEADER_ITEM_TXT), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 1, _(QTY_TXT), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 2, _(PART_NUM_TXT), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 3, _(NONFIO_SKU), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 4, _(DESC_TXT), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 5, _(COST_TXT), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 6, _(EX_COST_TXT), header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 7, _(MSRP_TXT), bold_header)    worksheet_s.write(0, 8, _(EX_MSRP_TXT), header)        # column widths     item_name_col_width = 20    qty_col_width = 10    part_num_col_width = 20    nonfio_sku_col_width = 30    desc_col_width = 80    cost_col_width = 10    ex_cost_col_width= 10    msrp_col_width = 10    ex_msrp_col_width = 10        # add data into the table    data_row = 1    second_sheet_data_row = 0    for sb in demo_list:                if data_row is not 1:            for index in range(9):                worksheet_s.write(data_row, index, '', cell)            data_row += 1                # this is for smartbuy row, row 2 in excel        worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 0, _(SMART_BUY_TXT), cell)        if not sb.demo_qty:              sb.demo_qty = ''        worksheet_s.write(data_row, 1, sb.demo_qty, cell)        if not sb.demo_part_number:            sb.demo_part_number = ''         worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 2, sb.demo_part_number, bold_cell)        worksheet_b.write_string(second_sheet_data_row, 0, sb.demo_part_number, cell)        second_sheet_data_row += 1        if not sb.demo_nonfio_sku:             sb.demo_nonfio_sku = ''        worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 3, sb.demo_nonfio_sku, cell)        if not sb.demo_desc:            sb.demo_desc = ''         worksheet_s.write_string(data_row, 4, sb.demo_desc, cell)        if not sb.demo_cost:             sb.demo_cost = ''        worksheet_s.write(data_row, 5, sb.demo_cost, cell)        if not sb.demo_ex_cost:             sb.demo_ex_cost = ''        worksheet_s.write(data_row, 6, sb.demo_ex_cost, cell)        if not sb.demo_msrp:             sb.demo_msrp = ''        worksheet_s.write(data_row, 7, sb.demo_msrp, bold_cell)        if not sb.demo_ex_msrp:             sb.demo_ex_msrp = ''        worksheet_s.write(data_row, 8, sb.demo_ex_msrp, cell)                #  for each smart buy data end <<<------                # change column widths        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('A:A', item_name_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('B:B', qty_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('C:C', part_num_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('D:D', nonfio_sku_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('E:E', desc_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('F:F', cost_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('G:G', ex_cost_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('H:H', msrp_col_width)        if sb.demo_qty:  worksheet_s.set_column('I:I', ex_msrp_col_width)                #  for each smart buy data end <<<------                # change column widths        worksheet_s.set_column('A:A', item_name_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('B:B', qty_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('C:C', part_num_col_width)        worksheet_b.set_column('A:A', part_num_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('D:D', nonfio_sku_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('E:E', desc_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('F:F', cost_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('G:G', ex_cost_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('H:H', msrp_col_width)        worksheet_s.set_column('I:I', ex_msrp_col_width)           # close workbook    workbook.close()    xlsx_data = output.getvalue()    return xlsx_data

6. html

{% extends "base.html" %}{% block content %}<div id="form_body" style="margin:20px;">    <table class="table">        <tr>            <td style="float: left"><a href="{% url 'home' %}" class="btn btn-primary" role="button">Back</a></td>            <td style="float: right">                {% if export_all %}            <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" data-loading-text="<i class='fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin'></i> Processing Export..." id="export_all_excel_a" onclick="javascript: getExportExcels('all');">Export All to Excel</a>            {% endif %}</td>        </tr>    </table>    </div>    <div class="table-responsive"><table class="table table-bordered usr_def_tbl">    <thead class="thead-inverse">            <tr style="font-size:14px; text-align: center;">              <th> </th>              <th>Qty</th>              <th>Part Number</th>              <th>NonFIO SKU</th>              <th>Description</th>              <th>Cost</th>              <th>Ex.Cost</th>              <th>MSRP</th>              <th>ex.MSRP</th>            </tr>        </thead>        <tbody>            {% for s in demo_list %}                        <!-- this is demo list sections -->            <tr>                <td>Demo</td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_qty %}{{ s.demo_qty }}{% endif %} </td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_part_number %}{{ s.demo_part_number }}{% endif %} </td>               <td>{% if  s.demo_nonfio_sku %}{{ s.demo_nonfio_sku }}{% endif %} </td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_desc %}{{ s.demo_desc }}{% endif %} </td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_cost %}{{ s.demo_cost }}{% endif %} </td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_ex_cost %}{{ s.demo_ex_cost }}{% endif %} </td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_msrp %}{{ s.demo_msrp }}{% endif %} </td>                <td>{% if  s.demo_ex_msrp %}{{ s.demo_ex_msrp }}{% endif %}</td>            </tr>            <tr>                <td colspan="7"></td>                 <td  style="text-align:right">                    <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="btn btn-primary part_num_flag" role="button" onclick="javascript: getExportExcels('{{ s.pk }}');" data-loading-text="<i class='fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin'></i> Processing Export..." id="sgl_export_{{ s.pk }}" >Export to Excel</a>               </td>                <td style="text-align:right">                    <a href="{% url 'demo_edit_id' pk=s.pk%}" class="btn btn-primary" role="button" value="{{ s.pk }}">Edit</a>               </td>            </tr>            {% endfor %}        </tbody>        <p></p></table></div><script type="text/javascript">function getExportExcels(pn_id){    if(pn_id == 'all'){        var post_url = '/demo/exportall/';        location.replace(post_url);    }    else{        var post_url = '/demo/export/';        location.replace(post_url + pn_id);    }}  </script>{% endblock content %}

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