【win32】day09-对话框/子控件/静态块/按钮/文本编辑框

来源：互联网发布：mac os ipconfig 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 02:04

对话框

1 对话框的分类

2 对话框的基本使用方式

3 对话框资源

4 有模式对话框的使用

5 无模式对话框的使用

5.1 添加对话框资源

5.2 定义窗口处理函数

BOOL CALLBACK DialogProc(

HWND hwndDlg, // handle to dialog box

UINT uMsg, // message

WPARAM wParam, // first message parameter

LPARAM lParam ); // second message parameter

5.3 创建对话框

HWND CreateDialog(

HINSTANCE hInstance,//应用程序实例句柄

LPCTSTR lpTemplate,//对话框的资源ID

HWND hWndParent,//父窗口

DLGPROC lpDialogFunc );//对话框的窗口处理函数

返回值是创建好的对话框的窗口句柄。

5.4 显示对话框

ShowWindow

5.5 关闭对话框

EndDialog

点击查找的时候，无模式对话框出来。

// WinModelessDlg.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.//#include "stdafx.h"#include "resource.h"HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;BOOL CALLBACK FindDlgProc( HWND hWnd,UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){switch( nMsg ){case WM_CREATE:MessageBox( NULL, "WM_CREATE","WinDlg", MB_OK );break;case WM_INITDIALOG:MessageBox( NULL, "WM_INITDIALOG","WinDlg", MB_OK );break;case WM_SYSCOMMAND:{switch( wParam ){case SC_CLOSE:EndDialog( hWnd, 0 );break;}}break;}return 0;}void Find( HWND hWnd ){//创建对话框HWND hDlg = CreateDialog( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_FIND),hWnd, FindDlgProc );//显示对话框ShowWindow( hDlg, SW_SHOW );}void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam );switch( nCmdID ){case ID_EXIT:PostQuitMessage( 0 );break;case ID_FIND:Find( hWnd );break;}}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND   hWnd,   UINT   nMsg,  WPARAM wParam,  LPARAM lParam ){switch( nMsg ){case WM_COMMAND:OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage( 0 );return 0;}return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,wParam, lParam );}BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };wce.cbSize        = sizeof( wce );wce.cbClsExtra    = 0;wce.cbWndExtra    = 0;wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);wce.hCursor       = NULL;wce.hIcon         = NULL;wce.hIconSm       = NULL;wce.hInstance     = g_hInst;wce.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;wce.lpszMenuName  = NULL;wce.style         = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );if( 0 ==  nAtom ){return FALSE;}return TRUE;}HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) );HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,NULL );return hWnd;}void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ){ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );UpdateWindow( hWnd );}void Message( ){MSG msg = { 0 };while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ){TranslateMessage( &msg );DispatchMessage( &msg );}}int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){g_hInst = hInstance;RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );DisplayWnd( hWnd );Message( );return 0;}

5.6 与有模式对话框对比

创建函数: 有模式对话框DialogBox

无模式对话框 CreateDialog

程序执行方式:

有模式对话框会阻塞,禁止其他窗口的输入

无模式对话框会让主程序,不影响其它窗口的输入

6 对话框中的消息

WM_INITDIALOG消息,用途类似于WM_CREATE消息

可以在对话框创建完成后,进行数据初始化.

它与WM_CREATE不同之处是,WM_INITDIALOG消息

会在对话框资源模板上的所有子控件(按钮等)

创建完成后,再发送给对话框窗口.

wParam - 当前接受输入焦点子控件窗口句柄

lParam - 创建时附带的参数

7 对话框和普通窗口的对比

7.1 创建方式

普通窗口: CreateWindow/Ex

对话框: DialogBox/CreateDialog

7.2 消息

普通窗口: 会收到WM_CREATE

对话框: WM_INITDIALOG

7.3 关闭方式:

普通窗口: DestoryWindow等

对话框: EndDialog

子控件

1 子控件

1.1 控件的类型

由Windows系统定义的窗口类型,可以提供

相应的功能.包括按钮、文本编辑框、静态框等.

1.2 控件的创建

都可以使用CreateWindow/CreateWindowEx

创建，并获取到控件HWND。创建时每个子控件

都要有相应的ID号，ID号要求不重复。

1.3 控件的消息

子控件和父窗口(一般窗口或者对话框)的交互

都是通过消息完成。如果子窗口状态发生变化，

子窗口会向父窗口发送相应的消息。

一般父窗口会使用SendMessage函数向子窗口

发送消息。

父窗口响应子窗口发送的消息一般是在

WM_COMMAND进行处理。

静态框

1 静态框创建

窗口类的名称 - STATIC, 用于窗口上

显示文字等, 如果使用SS_ICON/SS_BITMAP

风格可以显示ICON和BITMAP

文本静态框 - 创建时使用SS_SIMPLE即可

ICON静态框 -创建时需要使用SS_ICON,并且

将静态框的窗口名称设置成对应ICON的资源

ID号,例如"#101".

2 静态框的命令相应

2.1 静态框要添加SS_NOTIFY风格

2.2 WM_COMMAND进行处理

WPARAM - HIWORD 命令ID

LOWORD 静态框的窗口ID

LPARAM - 静态框的窗口句柄.

3 静态框的消息

调用SendMessage函数,向Static控件发送消息

例如: STM_SETICON消息修改控件显示图标

SendMessage( hStatic, STM_SETICON,

(WPARAM)hIcon, 0 );

其他:

GetDlgItem 从窗口中获取指定ID的子控件的

窗口句柄

// WinStatic.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.//#include "stdafx.h"#include "resource.h"HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){CreateWindow( "STATIC", "hello Static",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|SS_SUNKEN|SS_SIMPLE|SS_NOTIFY,50, 50, 100, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)1001,g_hInst, NULL );CreateWindow( "STATIC", "#101",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|SS_SUNKEN|SS_ICON|SS_NOTIFY,200, 50, 100, 100, hWnd, (HMENU)1002,g_hInst, NULL );}void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){int nCmdID  = HIWORD( wParam );int nCtrlID = LOWORD( wParam );switch( nCtrlID ){case 1001:case 1002:{switch( nCmdID ){case STN_CLICKED:MessageBox( NULL, "Hello Static","WinStatic", MB_OK );break;}}break;}}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND   hWnd,   UINT   nMsg,  WPARAM wParam,  LPARAM lParam ){switch( nMsg ){case WM_CREATE:OnCreate( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_COMMAND:OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage( 0 );return 0;}return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,wParam, lParam );}BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };wce.cbSize        = sizeof( wce );wce.cbClsExtra    = 0;wce.cbWndExtra    = 0;wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);wce.hCursor       = NULL;wce.hIcon         = NULL;wce.hIconSm       = NULL;wce.hInstance     = g_hInst;wce.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;wce.lpszMenuName  = NULL;wce.style         = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );if( 0 ==  nAtom ){return FALSE;}return TRUE;}HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, g_hInst,NULL );return hWnd;}void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ){ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );UpdateWindow( hWnd );}void Message( ){MSG msg = { 0 };while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ){TranslateMessage( &msg );DispatchMessage( &msg );}}int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){g_hInst = hInstance;RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );DisplayWnd( hWnd );Message( );return 0;}

按钮

1 按钮的分类

根据创建按钮时使用的风格:

1.1 下压式按钮 PUSH BUTTON

正常下压式按钮 BS_PUSHBUTTON

三态下压按钮 BS_3STATE/BS_AUTO3STATE

1.2 分组按钮 Group Button

按钮样式:BS_GROUPBOX

1.3 多选按钮 Check Box

按钮样式:BS_CHECKBOX/BS_AUTOCHECKBOX

1.4 单选按钮 Radio Box

按钮样式:BS_RADIOBUTTON/

BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON

2 下压式按钮的使用
2.1 创建按钮
创建时使用BUTTON
2.2 命令消息
BN_CLICKED消息: 当点击按钮通过
WM_COMMAND消息通知父窗口
2.3 通知消息
SendMessage

3 分组按钮
3.1 创建分组按钮
3.2 常用于对窗口内控件划分区域,增加
界面的友好性

4 多选按钮 CheckBox
4.1 创建使用 BS_CHECKBOX/BS_AUTOCHECKBOX
BS_AUTOCHECKBOX 选择状态系统自动维护
BS_CHECKBOX 选择状态需要自己维护
4.2 命令响应
BN_CLICKED 通过WM_COMMAND消息
4.3 通知消息
BM_GETCHECK 获取当前按钮被选择的状态
BM_SETCHECK 设置当前按钮被选择的状态
wParam 用于设置状态标示
状态: BST_CHECKED 或 BST_UNCHECKED

5 单选按钮 RadioBox
5.1 创建使用 BS_RADIOBUTTON/BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON
BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON 选择状态系统自动维护
BS_RADIOBUTTON 选择状态需要自己维护
注意:
RadionBox分组 - 使用WS_GROUP样式,可以将
RadionBox分成多个组.
A CreateWindow ( ,,,WS_GROUP );
B CreateWindow...
C CreateWindow ( ,,,WS_GROUP );
D CreaetWindow...
A和B是一组, C和D是一组
5.2 命令响应
BN_CLICKED 通过WM_COMMAND消息
5.3 通知消息
与CheckBox类似

// WinButton.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.//#include "stdafx.h"HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){//PUSH BUTTONCreateWindow( "BUTTON", "PushButton",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_PUSHBUTTON, 100, 50, 100, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)1001, g_hInst, NULL );//三态按钮CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "Auto3State",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTO3STATE|BS_PUSHLIKE, 100, 100, 100, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)2001, g_hInst, NULL );//分组按钮CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "分组一",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_GROUPBOX, 50, 30, 300, 300,hWnd, (HMENU)3001, g_hInst, NULL );//多选按钮 CheckBoxCreateWindow( "BUTTON", "选项一",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTOCHECKBOX, 100, 150, 100, 30,hWnd, (HMENU)4001, g_hInst, NULL );CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "选项二",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_CHECKBOX, 100, 180, 100, 30,hWnd, (HMENU)4002, g_hInst, NULL );// 单选按钮CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "A", WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON|WS_GROUP,100, 240, 100, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)5001, g_hInst, NULL );CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "B", WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,100, 270, 100, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)5002, g_hInst, NULL );CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "C", WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON|WS_GROUP,100, 300, 100, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)5003, g_hInst, NULL );CreateWindow( "BUTTON", "D", WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|BS_AUTORADIOBUTTON,100, 330, 100, 30, hWnd, (HMENU)5004, g_hInst, NULL );}void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg,WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){int nNotifyCode = HIWORD( wParam );int nEventID    = LOWORD( wParam );switch( nEventID ){case 1001:{switch( nNotifyCode ){case BN_CLICKED:MessageBox( NULL, "Hello PushButton","WinButton", MB_OK );break;}}break;case 4002:{HWND hCtrl = GetDlgItem( hWnd, 4002 );LRESULT nCheck = 0;switch( nNotifyCode ){case BN_CLICKED://获取当前CheckBox的状态nCheck = SendMessage( hCtrl, BM_GETCHECK, 0, 0 );//判断当前状态是否被选择if( nCheck & BST_CHECKED ){//设置为不选择状态SendMessage( hCtrl,BM_SETCHECK,BST_UNCHECKED, 0 );}else{//设置成选择状态SendMessage( hCtrl,BM_SETCHECK,BST_CHECKED, 0 );}break;}}break;}}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND   hWnd,   UINT   nMsg,  WPARAM wParam,  LPARAM lParam ){switch( nMsg ){case WM_CREATE:OnCreate( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_COMMAND:OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage( 0 );return 0;}return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,wParam, lParam );}BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };wce.cbSize        = sizeof( wce );wce.cbClsExtra    = 0;wce.cbWndExtra    = 0;wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);wce.hCursor       = NULL;wce.hIcon         = NULL;wce.hIconSm       = NULL;wce.hInstance     = g_hInst;wce.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;wce.lpszMenuName  = NULL;wce.style         = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );if( 0 ==  nAtom ){return FALSE;}return TRUE;}HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, NULL, g_hInst,NULL );return hWnd;}void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ){ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );UpdateWindow( hWnd );}void Message( ){MSG msg = { 0 };while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ){TranslateMessage( &msg );DispatchMessage( &msg );}}int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){g_hInst = hInstance;RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );DisplayWnd( hWnd );Message( );return 0;}

文本编辑框

1 文本编辑框的样式

1.1 单行文本编辑框 -默认样式

1.2 多行文本编辑框 - ES_MULTILINE

1.3 密码文本编辑框 - ES_PASSWORD

2 文本编辑框的使用

2.1 创建

窗口类名称EDIT.

2.2 Notify消息

EN_CHANGE 当编辑框内容发生变化时,

会通知父窗口

2.3 EDIT窗口消息

EM_SETSEL 选择消息 WPARAM是起始字符位置

LPARAM是终止字符位置

窗口消息: WM_COPY, WM_PASET,WM_CUT等消息

WM_SETTEXT, WM_GETTEXT, WM_GETTEXTLEN

SetWindowText

GetWindowText/GetWindowTextLen

// WinEdit.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.//#include "stdafx.h"#include "stdlib.h"#include "stdio.h"#include "resource.h"HINSTANCE g_hInst = NULL;HWND      g_hEdit = NULL;void OnCreate( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){g_hEdit = CreateWindow( "EDIT", "Hello EDIT",WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|WS_HSCROLL|WS_VSCROLL|ES_AUTOHSCROLL|ES_AUTOVSCROLL|ES_MULTILINE, 0, 0, 100, 200, hWnd,(HMENU)1001, g_hInst, NULL );}void OnSize( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){int nWidth = LOWORD( lParam );int nHeight= HIWORD( lParam );if( NULL != g_hEdit ){//将EDIT窗口填满整个客户区MoveWindow( g_hEdit, 0, 0, nWidth,nHeight, TRUE );}}void OnSave( ){//获取文字长度LRESULT nTextLen = SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_GETTEXTLENGTH, 0, 0 );//获取文字CHAR * pszBuff = NULL;pszBuff = (CHAR *)malloc( nTextLen + 1 );memset( pszBuff, 0, nTextLen + 1 );SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_GETTEXT,nTextLen + 1, (LPARAM)pszBuff );//MessageBox( NULL, pszBuff, "WinEdit", MB_OK );//保存文件FILE * pFile = fopen( "C:\\1.txt", "w+" );fwrite( pszBuff, nTextLen, 1, pFile );fclose( pFile );//释放内存free( pszBuff );}void OnOpen( ){//打开文件读取数据FILE * pFile = fopen( "C:\\1.txt", "r" );//获取文件长度fseek( pFile, 0, SEEK_END );long nFileLen = ftell( pFile );fseek( pFile, 0, SEEK_SET );//读取文件数据CHAR * pszBuf = (CHAR *)malloc( nFileLen + 1 );memset( pszBuf, 0, nFileLen + 1 );fread( pszBuf, nFileLen, 1, pFile );//关闭文件fclose( pFile );//将字符显示在EDIT窗口SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_SETTEXT,0, (LPARAM)pszBuf );//释放内存free( pszBuf );}void  OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){int nNotifyCode = HIWORD( wParam );int nEventID    = LOWORD( wParam );switch( nEventID ){case 1001:{switch( nNotifyCode ){case EN_CHANGE://MessageBox( NULL, "EN_CHANGE",//"WinEdit", MB_OK );break;}}break;case ID_SELALL:SendMessage( g_hEdit, EM_SETSEL, 0, -1 );break;case ID_COPY:SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_COPY, 0, 0 );break;case ID_PASTE:SendMessage( g_hEdit, WM_PASTE, 0, 0 );break;case ID_SAVE:OnSave( );break;case ID_OPEN:OnOpen( );break;}}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND   hWnd,   UINT   nMsg,  WPARAM wParam,  LPARAM lParam ){switch( nMsg ){case WM_CREATE:OnCreate( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_SIZE:OnSize( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_COMMAND:OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage( 0 );return 0;}return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,wParam, lParam );}BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };wce.cbSize        = sizeof( wce );wce.cbClsExtra    = 0;wce.cbWndExtra    = 0;wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_WINDOW);wce.hCursor       = NULL;wce.hIcon         = NULL;wce.hIconSm       = NULL;wce.hInstance     = g_hInst;wce.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;wce.lpszMenuName  = NULL;wce.style         = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );if( 0 ==  nAtom ){return FALSE;}return TRUE;}HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst,MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) );HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE,pszClassName, "我的记事本", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,NULL );return hWnd;}void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ){ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );UpdateWindow( hWnd );}void Message( ){MSG msg = { 0 };while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ){TranslateMessage( &msg );DispatchMessage( &msg );}}int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){g_hInst = hInstance;RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );DisplayWnd( hWnd );Message( );return 0;}

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