WINCE5.0利用C#语言编写的串口采集、显示和存储
来源:互联网 发布:一厢情愿知乎 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/06/16 05:40
首先简单说一下该程序实现的功能:定时采集现场的数据,在界面上实时显示设备数据,同时将采集到的设备数据存储到sqlite中,以方便第三方数据调用。该程序使用在wince5.0中,使用的是VS2008 C#语言。
内容涉及到wince同步的应用、串口的收发、数据的存储、CRC校验知识、Modbus协议的应用等。
程序主要分成几部分:
- 数据采集
- 数据分析、显示
- 数据存储
- 数据采集说明
其中数据采集主要实现定时发送Mobus RTU协议的报文,由于现场设备较少,发送一个包就足够将所有设备数据采集到.
- 数据分析、显示说明
将接收到的数据按照指定的协议拆分,分析并在界面上实时显示出来。其中在接收中添加了报文的判断,一般先判断接收到的报文长度是否符合正常的长度,如果符合再判断帧头是否符合协议,数据长度是否足够,校验是否正常,如果都正常的话,就按一定算法解析报文。
- 数据存储说明
按照采集的频率存储界面上的数据。
说明:sqlite的使用,须在前面引用:
using System.Data.SQLite;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
using System.Data.Common;
using System.Data.SqlTypes;
#region 窗体事件 private void frmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { for (int i = 1000; i <= 60000; i = i + 1000)//时间间隔设置 { this.cboxInterval.Items.Add(i); } this.cboxInterval.SelectedIndex = 0; for (int i = 1; i < 4; i++) { this.cboxPortName.Items.Add("COM" + i.ToString()); } this.cboxPortName.SelectedIndex = 2; /* string[] baudRates = new string[] { "115200", "57600", "38400", "19200", "14400", "9600" }; foreach (string baudRate in baudRates) { this.cboxBaudRate.Items.Add(baudRate); } this.cboxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 5; cboxCheck.Items.Add("None"); cboxCheck.Items.Add("Odd"); cboxCheck.Items.Add("Even"); cboxCheck.SelectedIndex = 0; cboxDataBit.Items.Add("8"); cboxDataBit.Items.Add("7"); cboxDataBit.Items.Add("6"); cboxDataBit.SelectedIndex = 0; cboxStopBit.Items.Add("1"); cboxStopBit.Items.Add("2"); cboxStopBit.SelectedIndex = 0; */ this.timer1.Enabled = true; this.labDate.Text = string.Format("日期: {0}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy年MM月dd日 dddd")); this.cboxSend.Text = "01 03 00 00 00 04 44 09"; //参数初始化 this.temper1.Text = "0"; this.temper2.Text = "0"; this.pressure.Text = "0"; this.voltage.Text = "0"; this.ChangeEnable(false); this.ShowFormCenter(); //sqlite数据库加载 string aurl = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().CodeBase.ToString()) + "\\"; string strConn = aurl + "db.db3"; //strConn = "db.db3"; connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=" + strConn+";Pooling = true; FailIfMissing = true"; connection.Open();//连接数据库 }
//打开串口 private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { if (btnOpen.Text == "打开串口") { sp.PortName = cboxPortName.SelectedItem.ToString(); // sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cboxBaudRate.SelectedItem.ToString()); sp.BaudRate = baudRates;//默认9600 // sp.DataBits = 8; // sp.StopBits = 1; sp.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived);//订阅委托 //委托实例化 UpdateTextHandle = new UpdateTextDelegate(UpdateTextBox); //实例化委托对象 sp.Open(); System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10); sp.DiscardInBuffer();//清除串行驱动程序的接收缓冲区的数据; sp.DiscardOutBuffer();//清除串行驱动程序发送缓冲区的数据; btnOpen.Text = "关闭串口"; this.ChangeEnable(true); // MessageBox.Show("打开串口成功!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Asterisk, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1); } else { sp.Close(); btnOpen.Text = "打开串口"; this.ChangeEnable(false); } } catch { MessageBox.Show("打开串口失败!", "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Hand, MessageBoxDefaultButton.Button1); } }
/// <summary>/// 定时发送报文/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param> private void timer2_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e) { try { //将16进制数据转换为字节数组 byte[] data = this.HexStringToByteArray(cboxSend.Text); sp.Write(data, 0, data.Length); sendCount += data.Length; labSend.Text = String.Format("发送: {0} B", sendCount); if (isreceive == true) { //向sqlite中存储数据 command.Connection = connection; SQLiteTransaction ta = connection.BeginTransaction(); string time2 = DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");//获取当前时间 command.CommandText = "insert into datatable(time,temper1,temper2,pressure,voltage,battery) VALUES ( '" + time2 + "','" + temper1.Text + "','" + temper2.Text + "','" + pressure.Text + "','" + voltage.Text + "','" + voltage.Text + "' )"; command.ExecuteNonQuery(); ta.Commit(); } } catch (Exception ex) { WriteLog(ex.Message); } }<pre name="code" class="csharp">
void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) { System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);//具备休眠作用,使数据得到缓存,缓存0.1秒 int readlen = sp.BytesToRead; //读取数据的长度 receiveCount += readlen; if (readlen >= 5)//至少要包含设备号、功能码(2字节)+长度(1字节)+校验(2字节) { byte[] readBuffer = new byte[readlen]; sp.Read(readBuffer, 0, readlen); string readbuf = null; if (readBuffer[0] == 0x01 && readBuffer[1] == 0x03)//第一个字节是不是01,第二个字节是不是03 { int len = readBuffer[2];//数据长度 if (readlen >= len + 5)//数据长度够了的话才判断 { byte[] data1 = new byte[len + 3]; for (int i = 0; i < len + 3; i++)//取得除了crc检验码所有数据 { data1[i] = readBuffer[i]; } byte[] checksum = GetCRC16(data1, true); if ((checksum[0] == readBuffer[len + 3]) && (checksum[1] == readBuffer[len + 4])) //判断crc校验是否成功 { //十六进制格式化数据 for (int i = 0; i < readlen; i++) { string s = String.Format("{0:X}", Convert.ToInt32(readBuffer[i])); if (s.Length > 1) { readbuf += s + " "; } else { readbuf += "0" + s + " "; } } this.Invoke(UpdateTextHandle, readbuf); } } } } else { sp.DiscardInBuffer();//清除串行驱动程序的接收缓冲区的数据; } } #endregion
delegate void UpdateTextDelegate(string text);//定义委托 UpdateTextDelegate UpdateTextHandle = null; void UpdateTextBox(string txt) { try { if (!isStop) { txtReceive.Text += txt + "\r\n"; labReceive.Text = String.Format("接收: {0} B", receiveCount); if (txt.Length > 0)//判断接收到的报文是否大于0 { /* * 解析算法 */ } } } catch (Exception ex) { WriteLog(ex.Message); } }
#region CRC校验函数 /// <summary> /// 计算CRC16循环校验码 /// </summary> /// <param name="Cmd">命令数组</param> /// <param name="IsHighBefore">高位是否在前</param> /// <returns>高低位校验码</returns> public static byte[] GetCRC16(byte[] Cmd, bool IsHighBefore) { int index; int crc_Low = 0xFF; int crc_High = 0xFF; for (int i = 0; i < Cmd.Length; i++) { index = crc_High ^ (char)Cmd[i]; crc_High = crc_Low ^ CRCHigh[index]; crc_Low = (byte)CRCLow[index]; } if (IsHighBefore == true) { return new byte[2] { (byte)crc_High, (byte)crc_Low }; } else { return new byte[2] { (byte)crc_Low, (byte)crc_High }; } } #endregion #region CRC对应表 //高位表 readonly static byte[] CRCHigh = new byte[]{ 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40}; //低位表 readonly static byte[] CRCLow = new byte[]{ 0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD, 0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E, 0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09, 0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9, 0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A, 0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC, 0x14, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3, 0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3, 0xF2, 0x32, 0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4, 0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D, 0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38, 0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29, 0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF, 0x2D, 0xED, 0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26, 0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x61, 0xA1, 0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4, 0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F, 0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB, 0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68, 0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5, 0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x70, 0xB0, 0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92, 0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97, 0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E, 0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89, 0x4B, 0x8B, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C, 0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42, 0x43, 0x83, 0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40}; #endregion
/// <summary> /// 重要应用:!!!!!写程序故障登录日志记录 /// </summary> /// <param name="strLogMsg"></param> public static void WriteLog(string strLogMsg) { System.IO.FileStream HFile;//先声明一个文件流的句柄,用来存储文件地址 string strFileName = System.DateTime.Today.ToString("yyyyMMdd"); HFile = OpenCreateFile(strFileName);//打开或者创建文件 strLogMsg = System.DateTime.Now.ToString() + " #Msg: " + strLogMsg + "\r\n"; WriteFile(HFile, strLogMsg);//写文件 CloseFile(HFile);//关闭文件 } /// <summary> /// 打开或者创建一个txt文档,这个文档存在于“移动设备”的根目录下面 /// “我的设备”中的所有文件夹,只有“FlashDisk”和“FlashDisk2”文件夹中的内容掉电后不会丢失, /// 所以用户需要保存的文件可以保存在该文件夹中。 /// </summary> /// <param name="strTextFileName">txt文件的名称</param> /// <return>创建的文件的句柄</return> private static System.IO.FileStream OpenCreateFile(string strTextFileName) { System.IO.FileStream HFile; string strLogpath = Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().CodeBase.ToString()) + "\\"+"Log"; if (!Directory.Exists(strLogpath)) Directory.CreateDirectory(strLogpath); string strFilePath = strLogpath+"\\" + strTextFileName + ".txt";//在程序目录下面 try { HFile = System.IO.File.Open(strFilePath, System.IO.FileMode.OpenOrCreate); } catch (Exception) { //MessageBox.Show("文件创建或打开失败"); HFile = null; } return HFile; } /// <summary> /// 往文件中写入内容 /// </summary> /// <param name="HFile">文件句柄</param> /// <param name="strWriteText">需要写入的内容</param> private static void WriteFile(System.IO.FileStream HFile, string strWriteText) { if (HFile == null) { // MessageBox.Show("文件未打开"); return; } //strWriteText = "Hello File"; Byte[] buffer; buffer = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(System.Globalization.CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.TextInfo.ANSICodePage).GetBytes(strWriteText); HFile.Position = HFile.Length; HFile.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); } private static void CloseFile(System.IO.FileStream HFile) { if (HFile != null) { HFile.Close(); HFile = null; } }
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