CAFFE layers

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原文:http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/tutorial/layers.html

Vision Layers

  • 头文件: ./include/caffe/vision_layers.hpp

Vision layers 通常以图片images作为输入,运算后产生输出的也是图片images。对于图片而言,可能是单通道的(c=1),例如灰度图,或者三通道的 (c=3),例如RGB图。但是,对于Vision layers而言,最重要的特性是输入的spatial structure(空间结构)。2D的几何形状有助于输入处理,大部分的Vision layers工作是对于输入图片中的某一个区域做一个特定的处理,产生一个相应的输出。与此相反,其他大部分的layers会忽略输入的空间结构,而只是将输入视为一个很大的向量,维度为: c*h*w。

Convolution

  • 类型(type):Convolution(卷积层)
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/convolution_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/convolution_layer.cu
  • 参数 (convolution_param):
  • 必要: 
    • num_output (c_o): the number of filters(滤波器数目)
    • kernel_size (or kernel_h and kernel_w): specifies height and width of each filter(每一个滤波器的大小)
  • 强烈推荐: 
    • weight_filler [default type: ‘constant’ value: 0](滤波器权重,默认为0)
  • 可选:

    • bias_term [default true]: specifies whether to learn and apply a set of additive biases to the filter outputs(是否添加bias-偏置项,默认为True)
    • pad (or pad_h and pad_w) [default 0]: specifies the number of pixels to (implicitly) add to each side of the input(为输入添加边界的像素大小,默认为0)
    • stride (or stride_h and stride_w) [default 1]: specifies the intervals at which to apply the filters to the input(每一次使用滤波器处理输入图片时,前后两次处理区域的间隔,即“步进”,默认为1)
    • group (g) [default 1]: If g > 1, we restrict the connectivity of each filter to a subset of the input. Specifically, the input and output channels are separated into g groups, and the ith output group channels will be only connected to the ith input group channels.(默认为1,如果大于1:将限制每一个滤波器只与输入的一部分连接。输入、输出通道会被分隔为不同的g个groups,并且第i个输出group只会与第i个输出group相关)
  • 输入(Input)

  • n * c_i * h_i * w_i
  • 输出(Output)
  • n * c_o * h_o * w_o,其中h_o = (h_i + 2 * pad_h - kernel_h) / stride_h + 1;w_o类似

  • 例子(详见 ./examples/imagenet/imagenet_train_val.prototxt)

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">layer {  name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"conv1"</span>                  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 名称:conv1</span>  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Convolution"</span>            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 类型:卷积层</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"data"</span>                 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入层:数据层</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"conv1"</span>                   <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输出层:卷积层1</span>  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 滤波器(filters)的学习速率因子和衰减因子</span>  param { lr_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> decay_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> }  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 偏置项(biases)的学习速率因子和衰减因子</span>  param { lr_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> decay_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> }  convolution_param {    num_output: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">96</span>               <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 96个滤波器(filters)</span>    kernel_size: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11</span>              <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 每个滤波器(filters)大小为11*11</span>    stride: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 每次滤波间隔为4个像素</span>    weight_filler {      <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"gaussian"</span>           <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 初始化高斯滤波器(Gaussian)</span>      std: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.01</span>                  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 标准差为0.01, 均值默认为0</span>    }    bias_filler {      <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"constant"</span>           <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 初始化偏置项(bias)为零</span>      value: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>    }  }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li></ul>

卷积层(The Convolution layer)利用一系列具有学习功能的滤波器(learnable filters)对输入的图像进行卷积操作,每一个滤波器(filter)对于一个特征(feature )会产生一个输出图像(output image)。

Pooling

  • 类型(type):Pooling(池化层)
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/pooling_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/pooling_layer.cu
  • 参数 (pooling_param):

    • 必要: 
      • kernel_size (or kernel_h and kernel_w): specifies height and width of each filter(每一个滤波器的大小)
    • 可选: 
      • pool [default MAX]: the pooling method. Currently MAX, AVE, or STOCHASTIC(pooling方法,目前有MAX、AVE,和STOCHASTIC三种,默认为MAX)
      • pad (or pad_h and pad_w) [default 0]: specifies the number of pixels to (implicitly) add to each side of the input(为输入添加边界的像素大小,默认为0)
      • stride (or stride_h and stride_w) [default 1]: specifies the intervals at which to apply the filters to the input(每一次使用滤波器处理输入图片时,前后两次处理区域的间隔,即“步进”,默认为1)
  • 输入(Input)

    • n * c_i * h_i * w_i
  • 输出(Output)

    • n * c_o * h_o * w_o,其中h_o = (h_i + 2 * pad_h - kernel_h) / stride_h + 1;w_o类似
  • 例子(详见 ./examples/imagenet/imagenet_train_val.prototxt)

<code class="hljs ruleslanguage has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">layer {  name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"pool1"</span>                 <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># </span>名称:pool1  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Pooling"</span>               <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># </span>类型:池化层  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"conv1"</span>               <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># </span>输入层:卷积层conv1  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"pool1"</span>                  <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># </span>输出层:池化层pool1  pooling_param {    pool: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MAX</span>                   <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># pool</span>方法:<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">MAX</span>    kernel_size: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>              <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># </span>每次pool区域为<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>*<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>像素大小    stride: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>                   <span class="hljs-array" style="box-sizing: border-box;"># pool</span>步进为<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>  }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>

Local Response Normalization (LRN)

  • 类型(type):LRN(局部响应归一化层)
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/lrn_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/lrn_layer.cu
  • 参数 (lrn_param): 
    • 可选: 
      • local_size [default 5]: the number of channels to sum over (for cross channel LRN) or the side length of the square region to sum over (for within channel LRN)(对于cross channel LRN,表示需要求和的channel的数量;对于within channel LRN表示需要求和的空间区域的边长;默认为5)
      • alpha [default 1]: the scaling parameter(缩放参数,默认为1)
      • beta [default 5]: the exponent(指数,默认为5)
      • norm_region [default ACROSS_CHANNELS]: whether to sum over adjacent channels (ACROSS_CHANNELS) or nearby spatial locaitons (WITHIN_CHANNEL)(选择基准区域,是ACROSS_CHANNELS => 相邻channels,还是WITHIN_CHANNEL => 同一 channel下的相邻空间区域;默认为ACROSS_CHANNELS)

LRN Layer对一个局部的输入区域进行归一化,有两种模式。ACROSS_CHANNELS模式,局部区域在相邻的channels之间拓展,不进行空间拓展,所以维度是local_size x 1 x 1。WITHIN_CHANNEL模式,局部区域进行空间拓展,但是是在不同的channels中,所以维度是1 x local_size x local_size。对于每一个输入,都要除以:计算公式,其中n是局部区域的大小,求和部分是对该输入值为中心的区域进行求和(必要时候可以补零)。

im2col

Im2col 是一个helper方法,用于将图片文件image转化为列矩阵,详细的细节不需要过多的了解。在Caffe中进行卷积操作,做矩阵乘法时,会用到Im2col方法。


Loss Layers

Caffe是通过最小化输出output与目标target之间的cost(loss)来驱动学习的。loss是由forward pass计算得出的,loss的gradient 是由backward pass计算得出的。

Softmax

  • 类型(type):SoftmaxWithLoss(广义线性回归分析损失层)

Softmax Loss Layer计算的是输入的多项式回归损失(multinomial logistic loss of the softmax of its inputs)。可以当作是将一个softmax layer和一个multinomial logistic loss layer连接起来,但是计算出的gradient更可靠。

Sum-of-Squares / Euclidean

  • 类型(type):EuclideanLoss(欧式损失层)

Euclidean loss layer计算两个不同输入之间的平方差之和,计算公式

Hinge / Margin

  • 类型(type):HingeLoss
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/hinge_loss_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: 尚无
  • 参数 (hinge_loss_param):

    • 可选: 
      • norm [default L1]: the norm used. Currently L1, L2(可以选择使用L1范数或者L2范数;默认为L1)
  • 输入(Input)

    • n * c * h * w Predictions(预测值)
    • n * 1 * 1 * 1 Labels(标签值)
  • 输出(Output)

    • 1 * 1 * 1 * 1 Computed Loss(计算得出的loss值)
  • 例子

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 使用L1范数</span>layer {  name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"loss"</span>                  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 名称:loss</span>  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HingeLoss"</span>             <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 类型:HingeLoss</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"pred"</span>                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入:预测值</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"label"</span>               <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入:标签值</span>}<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 使用L2范数</span>layer {  name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"loss"</span>                  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 名称:loss</span>  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"HingeLoss"</span>             <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 类型:HingeLoss</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"pred"</span>                <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入:预测值</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"label"</span>               <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入:标签值</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"loss"</span>                   <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输出:loss值</span>  hinge_loss_param {    norm: L2                    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 使用L2范数</span>  }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li></ul>
  • 关于范数: 
    范数

Sigmoid Cross-Entropy

  • 类型(type):SigmoidCrossEntropyLoss
  • (没有详解)

Infogain

  • 类型(type):InfogainLoss
  • (没有详解)

Accuracy and Top-k

  • 类型(type):Accuracy
  • 计算输出的准确率(相对于target),事实上这不是一个loss layer,并且也没有backward pass。

Activation / Neuron Layers

激励层的操作都是element-wise的操作(针对每一个输入blob产生一个相同大小的输出):

  • 输入(Input) 
    • n * c * h * w
  • 输出(Output) 
    • n * c * h * w

ReLU / Rectified-Linear and Leaky-ReLU

  • 类型(type):ReLU
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/relu_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/relu_layer.cu
  • 参数 (relu_param):

    • 可选: 
      • negative_slope [default 0]: specifies whether to leak the negative part by multiplying it with the slope value rather than setting it to 0.(但当输入x小于0时,指定输出为negative_slope * x;默认值为0)
  • 例子(详见 ./examples/imagenet/imagenet_train_val.prototxt)

<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"relu1"</span>  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"ReLU"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"conv1"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"conv1"</span></span></span></span>}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

给定一个输入值x,ReLU layer的输出为:x > 0 ? x : negative_slope * x,如未给定参数negative_slope 的值,则为标准ReLU方法:max(x, 0)。ReLU layer支持in-place计算,输出会覆盖输入,以节省内存空间。

Sigmoid

  • 类型(type):Sigmoid
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/sigmoid_layer.cu

  • 例子(详见 ./examples/mnist/mnist_autoencoder.prototxt)

<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"encode1neuron"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"encode1"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"encode1neuron"</span>  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Sigmoid"</span></span></span></span>}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

对于每一个输入值x,Sigmoid layer的输出为sigmoid(x)。

TanH / Hyperbolic Tangent

  • 类型(type):TanH
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/tanh_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/tanh_layer.cu

  • 例子

<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"layer"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"in"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"out"</span>  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"TanH"</span></span></span></span>}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

对于每一个输入值x,TanH layer的输出为tanh(x)。

Absolute Value

  • 类型(type):AbsVal
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/absval_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/absval_layer.cu

  • 例子

<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"layer"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"in"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"out"</span>  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"AbsVal"</span></span></span></span>}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

对于每一个输入值x,AbsVal layer的输出为abs(x)。

Power

  • 类型(type):Power
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/power_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/power_layer.cu
  • 参数 (power_param):

    • 可选: 
      • power [default 1](指数,默认为1)
      • scale [default 1](比例,默认为1)
      • shift [default 0](偏移,默认为0)
  • 例子

<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"layer"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"in"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"out"</span>  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Power"</span>  power_param {    power: <span class="hljs-number" style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>    scale: <span class="hljs-number" style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>    shift: <span class="hljs-number" style="box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>  </span></span></span>}}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>

对于每一个输入值x,Power layer的输出为(shift + scale * x) ^ power。

BNLL

  • 类型(type):BNLL(二项正态对数似然,binomial normal log likelihood)
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/bnll_layer.cu
  • 例子
<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"layer"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"in"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"out"</span>  type: BNLL</span></span></span>}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li></ul>

对于每一个输入值x,BNLL layer的输出为log(1 + exp(x))。


Data Layers

Data 通过Data Layers进入Caffe,Data Layers位于Net的底部。 
Data 可以来自:1、高效的数据库(LevelDB 或 LMDB);2、内存;3、HDF5或image文件(效率低)。 
基本的输入预处理(例如:减去均值,缩放,随机裁剪,镜像处理)可以通过指定TransformationParameter达到。

Database

  • 类型(type):Data(数据库)
  • 参数: 
    • 必要: 
      • source: the name of the directory containing the database(数据库名称)
      • batch_size: the number of inputs to process at one time(每次处理的输入的数据量)
    • 可选: 
      • rand_skip: skip up to this number of inputs at the beginning; useful for asynchronous sgd(在开始的时候跳过这个数值量的输入;这对于异步随机梯度下降是非常有用的)
      • backend [default LEVELDB]: choose whether to use a LEVELDB or LMDB(选择使用LEVELDB 数据库还是LMDB数据库,默认为LEVELDB)

In-Memory

  • 类型(type):MemoryData
  • 参数: 
    • 必要: 
      • batch_size, channels, height, width: specify the size of input chunks to read from memory(4个值,确定每次读取输入数据量的大小)

Memory Data Layer从内存直接读取数据(而不是复制数据)。使用Memory Data Layer之前,必须先调用,MemoryDataLayer::Reset(C++方法)或Net.set_input_arrays(Python方法)以指定一个source来读取一个连续的数据块(4D,按行排列),每次读取大小由batch_size决定。

HDF5 Input

  • 类型(type):HDF5Data
  • 参数: 
    • 必要: 
      • source: the name of the file to read from(读取的文件的名称)
      • batch_size(每次处理的输入的数据量)

HDF5 Output

  • 类型(type):HDF5Output
  • 参数:

    • 必要: 
      • file_name: name of file to write to(写入的文件的名称)

    HDF5 output layer与这部分的其他layer的功能正好相反,不是读取而是写入。

Images

  • 类型(type):ImageData
  • 参数: 
    • 必要: 
      • source: name of a text file, with each line giving an image filename and label(一个text文件的名称,每一行指定一个image文件名和label)
      • batch_size: number of images to batch together(每次处理的image的数据)
    • 可选: 
      • rand_skip: (在开始的时候跳过这个数值量的输入)
      • shuffle [default false](是否随机乱序,默认为否) 
        -new_height, new_width: if provided, resize all images to this size(缩放所有的image到新的大小)

Windows

  • 类型(type):WindowData
  • (没有详解)

Dummy

  • 类型(type):DummyData

DummyData 用于开发和测试,详见DummyDataParameter(没有给出链接)。


Common Layers

Inner Product

  • 类型(type):Inner Product(全连接层)
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/inner_product_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/inner_product_layer.cu
  • 参数 (inner_product_param):

    • 必要: 
      • num_output (c_o): the number of filters(滤波器数目)
    • 强烈推荐: 
      • weight_filler [default type: ‘constant’ value: 0](滤波器权重;默认类型为constant,默认值为0)
    • 可选: 
      • bias_filler [default type: ‘constant’ value: 0](bias-偏置项的值,默认类型为constant,默认值为0)
      • bias_term [default true]: specifies whether to learn and apply a set of additive biases to the filter outputs(是否添加bias-偏置项,默认为True)
  • 输入(Input)

    • n * c_i * h_i * w_i
  • 输出(Output)

    • n * c_o * 1 * 1
  • 例子

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">layer {  name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fc8"</span>                              <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 名称:fc8</span>  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"InnerProduct"</span>                     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 类型:全连接层</span>  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 权重(weights)的学习速率因子和衰减因子</span>  param { lr_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> decay_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> }  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 偏置项(biases)的学习速率因子和衰减因子</span>  param { lr_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span> decay_mult: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> }  inner_product_param {    num_output: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1000</span>                       <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 1000个滤波器(filters)</span>    weight_filler {      <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"gaussian"</span>                     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 初始化高斯滤波器(Gaussian)</span>      std: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.01</span>                            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 标准差为0.01, 均值默认为0</span>    }    bias_filler {      <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"constant"</span>                     <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 初始化偏置项(bias)为零</span>      value: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>    }  }  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fc7"</span>                            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入层:fc7</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fc8"</span>                               <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输出层:fc8</span>}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul>

InnerProduct layer(常被称为全连接层)将输入视为一个vector,输出也是一个vector(height和width被设为1)

Splitting

  • 类型(type):Split

Split layer用于将一个输入的blob分离成多个输出的blob。这用于当需要将一个blob输入至多个输出layer时。

Flattening

  • 类型(type):Flatten

Flatten layer用于把一个维度为n * c * h * w的输入转化为一个维度为 n * (c*h*w)的向量输出。

Reshape

  • 类型(type):Reshape
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/reshape_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: 尚无
  • 参数 (reshape_param):

    • 可选: 
      • shape(改变后的维度,详见下面解释)
  • 输入(Input)

    • a single blob with arbitrary dimensions(一个任意维度的blob)
  • 输出(Output)

    • the same blob, with modified dimensions, as specified by reshape_param(相同内容的blob,但维度根据reshape_param改变)
  • 例子

<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> layer {    name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"reshape"</span>                       <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 名称:reshape</span>    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Reshape"</span>                       <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 类型:Reshape</span>    bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"input"</span>                       <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输入层名称:input</span>    top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"output"</span>                         <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 输出层名称:output</span>    reshape_param {      shape {        dim: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 这个维度与输入相同</span>        dim: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>        dim: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>        dim: -<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 根据其他维度自动推测</span>      }    }  }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>

Reshape layer只改变输入数据的维度,但内容不变,也没有数据复制的过程,与Flatten layer类似。

输出维度由reshape_param 指定,正整数直接指定维度大小,下面两个特殊的值:

  • 0 => 表示copy the respective dimension of the bottom layer,复制输入相应维度的值。
  • -1 => 表示infer this from the other dimensions,根据其他维度自动推测维度大小。reshape_param中至多只能有一个-1。

再举一个例子:如果指定reshape_param参数为:{ shape { dim: 0 dim: -1 } } ,那么输出和Flattening layer的输出是完全一样的。

Concatenation

  • 类型(type):Concat(连结层)
  • CPU 实现: ./src/caffe/layers/concat_layer.cpp
  • CUDA、GPU实现: ./src/caffe/layers/concat_layer.cu
  • 参数 (concat_param):

    • 可选: 
      • axis [default 1]: 0 for concatenation along num and 1 for channels.(0代表连结num,1代表连结channel)
  • 输入(Input) 
    -n_i * c_i * h * w for each input blob i from 1 to K.(第i个blob的维度是n_i * c_i * h * w,共K个)

  • 输出(Output)

    • if axis = 0: (n_1 + n_2 + … + n_K) * c_1 * h * w, and all input c_i should be the same.(axis = 0时,输出 blob的维度为(n_1 + n_2 + … + n_K) * c_1 * h * w,要求所有的input的channel相同)
    • if axis = 1: n_1 * (c_1 + c_2 + … + c_K) * h * w, and all input n_i should be the same.(axis = 0时,输出 blob的维度为n_1 * (c_1 + c_2 + … + c_K) * h * w,要求所有的input的num相同)
  • 例子

<code class="hljs css has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">layer</span> <span class="hljs-rules" style="box-sizing: border-box;">{  <span class="hljs-rule" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>:<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 102, 102);"> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"concat"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"in1"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"in2"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"out"</span>  type: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Concat"</span>  concat_param {    axis: <span class="hljs-number" style="box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>  </span></span></span>}}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

Concat layer用于把多个输入blob连结成一个输出blob。

Slicing

Slice layer用于将一个input layer分割成多个output layers,根据给定的维度(目前只能指定num或者channel)。

  • 类型(type):Slice
  • 例子
<code class="hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">layer {  name: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"slicer_label"</span>  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span>: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Slice"</span>  bottom: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"label"</span>  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">## 假设label的维度是:N x 3 x 1 x 1</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"label1"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"label2"</span>  top: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"label3"</span>  slice_param {    axis: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>                        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 指定维度为channel</span>    slice_point: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>                 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 将label[~][1][~][~]赋给label1</span>    slice_point: <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>                 <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 将label[~][2][~][~]赋给label2</span>                                   <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"># 将label[~][3][~][~]赋给label3</span>  }}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>

axis表明是哪一个维度,slice_point是该维度的索引,slice_point的数量必须是top blobs的数量减1.

Elementwise Operations

  • 类型(type): Eltwise
  • (没有详解)

Argmax

  • 类型(type):ArgMax
  • (没有详解)

Softmax

  • 类型(type):Softmax
  • (没有详解)

Mean-Variance Normalization

  • 类型(type):MVN
  • (没有详解)
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