java/php/c#版rsa签名以及java验签实现openssl生成

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在开放平台领域，需要给isv提供sdk，签名是Sdk中需要提供的功能之一。由于isv使用的开发语言不是单一的，因此sdk需要提供多种语言的版本。譬如java、php、c#。另外，在电子商务尤其是支付领域，对安全性的要求比较高，所以会采用非对称密钥RSA
本文主要介绍如何基于java、php、c#在客户端使用rsa签名，然后在服务端使用Java验签。

基于openssl生成RSA公私钥对
a）从网上下载openssl工具:http://www.slproweb.com/products/Win32OpenSSL.html
b）生成私钥
进入到openssl的bin目录下，执行以下命令：
openssl genrsa -out rsa_private_key.pem 1024

会在bin目录下看到新生成的私钥文件rsa_private_key.pem，文件内容如下：

c)生成公钥
在bin目录下，执行以下命令：
openssl rsa -in rsa_private_key.pem -pubout -out rsa_public_key.pem
会在bin目录下看到新生成的公钥文件rsa_public_key.pem，文件内容如下：

2. 客户端签名
2.1 java版签名实现

/**      * rsa签名      *       * @param content      *            待签名的字符串      * @param privateKey      *            rsa私钥字符串      * @param charset      *            字符编码      * @return 签名结果      * @throws Exception      *             签名失败则抛出异常      */      public String rsaSign(String content, String privateKey, String charset) throws SignatureException {          try {              PrivateKey priKey = getPrivateKeyFromPKCS8("RSA", new ByteArrayInputStream(privateKey.getBytes()));                Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA1WithRSA");              signature.initSign(priKey);              if (StringUtils.isEmpty(charset)) {                  signature.update(content.getBytes());              } else {                  signature.update(content.getBytes(charset));              }                byte[] signed = signature.sign();              return new String(Base64.encodeBase64(signed));          } catch (Exception e) {              throw new SignatureException("RSAcontent = " + content + "; charset = " + charset, e);          }      }        public PrivateKey getPrivateKeyFromPKCS8(String algorithm, InputStream ins) throws Exception {          if (ins == null || StringUtils.isEmpty(algorithm)) {              return null;          }            KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);          byte[] encodedKey = StreamUtil.readText(ins).getBytes();          encodedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encodedKey);          return keyFactory.generatePrivate(new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(encodedKey));      }

注意：参数privateKey是Pem私钥文件中去除头（-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----）和尾（-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----）以及换行符后的字符串。
如果签名报以下错误：
java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException: java.security.InvalidKeyException: IOException : algid parse error, not a sequence
则说明rsa私钥的格式不是pksc8格式，需要使用以下命令转换一下：
openssl pkcs8 -topk8 -inform PEM -in rsa_private_key.pem -outform PEM -nocrypt
然后再提取去除头和尾以及换行符后字符串作为java版用的rsa私钥
2.2 php签名实现

function sign($content, $rsaPrivateKeyPem) {          $priKey = file_get_contents($rsaPrivateKeyPem);          $res = openssl_get_privatekey($priKey);          openssl_sign($content, $sign, $res);          openssl_free_key($res);          $sign = base64_encode($sign);          return $sign;      }

注意：$rsaPrivateKeyPem为pem私钥文件路径
2.3 c#签名实现(引用了国外某位仁兄的方案)

using System;  using System.Text;  using System.Security.Cryptography;  using System.Web;  using System.IO;    namespace Aop.Api.Util  {      /// <summary>      /// RSA签名工具类。      /// </summary>      public class RSAUtil      {            public static string RSASign(string data, string privateKeyPem)          {              RSACryptoServiceProvider rsaCsp = LoadCertificateFile(privateKeyPem);              byte[] dataBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data);              byte[] signatureBytes = rsaCsp.SignData(dataBytes, "SHA1");              return Convert.ToBase64String(signatureBytes);          }            private static byte[] GetPem(string type, byte[] data)          {              string pem = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data);              string header = String.Format("-----BEGIN {0}-----\\n", type);              string footer = String.Format("-----END {0}-----", type);              int start = pem.IndexOf(header) + header.Length;              int end = pem.IndexOf(footer, start);              string base64 = pem.Substring(start, (end - start));              return Convert.FromBase64String(base64);          }            private static RSACryptoServiceProvider LoadCertificateFile(string filename)          {              using (System.IO.FileStream fs = System.IO.File.OpenRead(filename))              {                  byte[] data = new byte[fs.Length];                  byte[] res = null;                  fs.Read(data, 0, data.Length);                  if (data[0] != 0x30)                  {                      res = GetPem("RSA PRIVATE KEY", data);                  }                  try                  {                      RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa = DecodeRSAPrivateKey(res);                      return rsa;                  }                  catch (Exception ex)                  {                  }                  return null;              }          }            private static RSACryptoServiceProvider DecodeRSAPrivateKey(byte[] privkey)          {              byte[] MODULUS, E, D, P, Q, DP, DQ, IQ;                // --------- Set up stream to decode the asn.1 encoded RSA private key ------              MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream(privkey);              BinaryReader binr = new BinaryReader(mem);  //wrap Memory Stream with BinaryReader for easy reading              byte bt = 0;              ushort twobytes = 0;              int elems = 0;              try              {                  twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();                  if (twobytes == 0x8130) //data read as little endian order (actual data order for Sequence is 30 81)                      binr.ReadByte();    //advance 1 byte                  else if (twobytes == 0x8230)                      binr.ReadInt16();    //advance 2 bytes                  else                      return null;                    twobytes = binr.ReadUInt16();                  if (twobytes != 0x0102) //version number                      return null;                  bt = binr.ReadByte();                  if (bt != 0x00)                      return null;                      //------ all private key components are Integer sequences ----                  elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  MODULUS = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  E = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  D = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  P = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  Q = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  DP = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  DQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                    elems = GetIntegerSize(binr);                  IQ = binr.ReadBytes(elems);                                      // ------- create RSACryptoServiceProvider instance and initialize with public key -----                  CspParameters CspParameters = new CspParameters();                  CspParameters.Flags = CspProviderFlags.UseMachineKeyStore;                  RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new RSACryptoServiceProvider(1024, CspParameters);                  RSAParameters RSAparams = new RSAParameters();                  RSAparams.Modulus = MODULUS;                  RSAparams.Exponent = E;                  RSAparams.D = D;                  RSAparams.P = P;                  RSAparams.Q = Q;                  RSAparams.DP = DP;                  RSAparams.DQ = DQ;                  RSAparams.InverseQ = IQ;                  RSA.ImportParameters(RSAparams);                  return RSA;              }              catch (Exception ex)              {                  return null;              }              finally              {                  binr.Close();              }          }            private static int GetIntegerSize(BinaryReader binr)          {              byte bt = 0;              byte lowbyte = 0x00;              byte highbyte = 0x00;              int count = 0;              bt = binr.ReadByte();              if (bt != 0x02)     //expect integer                  return 0;              bt = binr.ReadByte();                if (bt == 0x81)                  count = binr.ReadByte();    // data size in next byte              else                  if (bt == 0x82)                  {                      highbyte = binr.ReadByte(); // data size in next 2 bytes                      lowbyte = binr.ReadByte();                      byte[] modint = { lowbyte, highbyte, 0x00, 0x00 };                      count = BitConverter.ToInt32(modint, 0);                  }                  else                  {                      count = bt;     // we already have the data size                  }                while (binr.ReadByte() == 0x00)              {   //remove high order zeros in data                  count -= 1;              }              binr.BaseStream.Seek(-1, SeekOrigin.Current);       //last ReadByte wasn't a removed zero, so back up a byte              return count;          }      }  }

注：privateKeyPem为私钥文件路径
3. 服务端java验签

/**
* rsa验签
*
* @param content 被签名的内容
* @param sign 签名后的结果
* @param publicKey rsa公钥
* @param charset 字符集
* @return 验签结果
* @throws SignatureException 验签失败，则抛异常
*/
boolean doCheck(String content, String sign, String publicKey, String charset) throws SignatureException {
try {
PublicKey pubKey = getPublicKeyFromX509("RSA", new ByteArrayInputStream(publicKey.getBytes()));

Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA1WithRSA");
signature.initVerify(pubKey);
signature.update(getContentBytes(content, charset));
return signature.verify(Base64.decodeBase64(sign.getBytes()));
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new SignatureException("RSA验证签名[content = " + content + "; charset = " + charset
+ "; signature = " + sign + "]发生异常!", e);
}
}

private PublicKey getPublicKeyFromX509(String algorithm, InputStream ins) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
try {
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(algorithm);

StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
StreamUtil.io(new InputStreamReader(ins), writer);
byte[] encodedKey = writer.toString().getBytes();

// 先base64解码
encodedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encodedKey);
return keyFactory.generatePublic(new X509EncodedKeySpec(encodedKey));
} catch (IOException ex) {
// 不可能发生
} catch (InvalidKeySpecException ex) {
// 不可能发生
}
return null;
}

private byte[] getContentBytes(String content, String charset) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
if (StringUtil.isEmpty(charset)) {
return content.getBytes();
}

return content.getBytes(charset);
}

注意：参数publicKey是Pem公钥文件中去除头（-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----）和尾（-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----）以及换行符后的字符串。

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