javascript模版模式

模版模式:利用父类定义一些类似对象的公共方法和操作框架

简单例子

var Beverage = function () {};Beverage.prototype.boilWater = function () {    console.log('把水煮沸');};Beverage.prototype.brew = function () {             //由子类重写    throw new Error('该方法不可以直接使用，必须子类重写');};Beverage.prototype.pourInCup = function () {             //由子类重写    throw new Error('该方法不可以直接使用，必须子类重写');};Beverage.prototype.addCondiments = function () {             //由子类重写    throw new Error('该方法不可以直接使用，必须子类重写');};Beverage.prototype.init = function () {             //执行所有方法    this.boilWater();    this.brew();    this.pourInCup();    this.addCondiments();};/********冲咖啡*********/var Coffee = function () {};//重新指向新的原型对象Coffee.prototype = new Beverage();/*一些方法的重写*/Coffee.prototype.brew = function () {    console.log('用沸水冲泡咖啡');};Coffee.prototype.pourInCup = function () {    console.log('把咖啡倒进杯子');};Coffee.prototype.addCondiments = function () {    console.log('加糖和牛奶');};var coffee = new Coffee();coffee.init();/*******泡茶********/var Tea = function () {};Tea.prototype = new Beverage();Tea.prototype.brew = function () {    console.log('用沸水泡茶叶');};Tea.prototype.pourInCup = function () {    console.log('把茶倒进杯子');};Tea.prototype.addCondiments = function () {    console.log('加柠檬');};var tea = new Tea();tea.init();

钩子方法

var Beverage = function () {};Beverage.prototype.boilwater = function () {    console.log('把水煮沸');};Beverage.prototype.brew = function () {    throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');};Beverage.prototype.pourInCup = function () {    throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');};Beverage.prototype.addCondiments = function () {    throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');};//这里就是所谓的钩子Beverage.prototype.customWantsCondiments = function () {    return true;};Beverage.prototype.init = function () {    this.boilwater();    this.brew();    this.pourInCup();    if(this.customWantsCondiments()){        this.addCondiments();    }};var Coffee = function () {};//重新指向新的原型对象Coffee.prototype = new Beverage();/*一些方法的重写*/Coffee.prototype.brew = function () {    console.log('用沸水冲泡咖啡');};Coffee.prototype.pourInCup = function () {    console.log('把咖啡倒进杯子');};Coffee.prototype.addCondiments = function () {    console.log('加糖和牛奶');};Coffee.prototype.customWantsCondiments = function () {    return window.confirm('需要加调料吗?');};var coffee = new Coffee();coffee.init();

使用好莱坞原则

var Beverage = function (param) {    var boilWater = function () {        console.log('把水煮沸');    };    var brew = param.brew || function () {                throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');    };    var pourInCup = param.pourInCup || function () {                throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');    };    var addCondiments = param.addCondiments || function () {                throw new Error('子类必须重写该方法');    };    var F = function () {};    F.prototype.init = function () {        boilWater();        brew();        pourInCup();        addCondiments();    };    return F;};var Coffee = Beverage({    brew: function () {        console.log('用沸水冲泡咖啡');    },    pourInCup: function () {        console.log('把咖啡倒进杯子');    },    addCondiments: function () {        console.log('加糖和牛奶');    }});var coffee = new Coffee();coffee.init();

子类不能调用父类，只能父类调用子类